RESUMO
The inflammatory mediators of allergy were investigated in symptomatic patients suffering from upper respiratory tract allergy. The serum tryptase level as an indicator of mast cell activation and serum eosinophil cationic protein level as an indicator of eosinophil activation were measured. They did not find any alteration in the serum level of tryptase. The level of eosinophil cationic protein significantly increased in symptomatic patients comparing to normal healthy controls. There was not any correlation to the severity of symptoms and to the absolute eosinophil count in the peripheral blood. The different activation possibilities of the eosinophil granulocytes are discussed, highlighting the role of Th2-helper lymphocytes.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores , Hipersensibilidade Respiratória/imunologia , Adulto , Quimases , Eosinófilos , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão/enzimologia , Masculino , Mastócitos/enzimologia , Hipersensibilidade Respiratória/enzimologia , Serina Endopeptidases/sangue , TriptasesRESUMO
Eosinophil activation markers-eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil protein-X-were investigated in acute severe asthma. The elevation of the eosinophil activity markers were found in every cases at the time of admission. The measurements were repeated eight days later. The eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil protein-X levels were increased at the time of the admission, and a decreasing tendency was detected eight days later. The peak expiratory flow rates were monitored during the period of the hospital staying. It is important to note that, the size of the bronchial obstruction did not show any similarity in all cases comparing to the elevation or decrease of eosinophil activity markers. The authors proved the eosinophil activation in vivo in acute severe asthma. The continuous monitor of the eosinophil activity markers might have a practical value in searching of the optimal therapeutic modalities in the asthmatic patients.
Assuntos
Asma/sangue , Eosinófilos/metabolismo , Estado Asmático/sangue , Adulto , Asma/fisiopatologia , Biomarcadores , Cátions , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Monitorização Fisiológica , Pico do Fluxo Expiratório , Estado Asmático/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
After lung transplantation, a high level of immunosuppression is needed to prevent rejection. This demand renders recipients more sensitive to infections. As pulmonary infections are a major clinical problem during the first postoperative year after lung transplantation, preventive treatment and regular surveillance examinations are needed for immediate, adequate therapy. We describe the airway pathogens registered during the first posttransplantation year among our 12 lung transplant recipients since December 2008. Samples were obtained for microbiologic analysis from the upper and lower respiratory tracts and from serum as part of routine care. During the first year after transplantation the most frequent pathogens were fungi (Candida albicans 82%; Aspergillus 50%), Pneumocystis (8%), gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas spp 60%; Klebsiella 25%, Acinetobacter 17%; Escherichia Coli 17%; and Enterococcus faecalis 25%), and Staphylococcus aureus (50%, including methicillin-resistant strains 25%). This pathogen spectrum in the first postoperative year after lung transplantation was similar to other centers. Colonization with Pseudomonas or fungi presented early and was prevalent among our patients.
Assuntos
Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Pulmão/efeitos adversos , Pulmão/cirurgia , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/virologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/microbiologia , Broncoscopia , Feminino , Humanos , Hungria/epidemiologia , Pulmão/microbiologia , Pulmão/virologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation is the only treatment for end-stage lung disease in selected patients. After lung transplantation, patient recovery is often slow owing to severe underlying diseases in the patient producing hypoxemia before, during, and after surgery, as well as infections and rejection episodes. Postoperative breathing and ventillatory disorders are also associated with diaphragmatic dysfunction and/or phrenic nerve damage. METHODS: Herein we have reported a case of a 35-year-old man undergoing bilateral lung transplantation owing to worsening of chronic respiratory failure from cystic fibrosis. After uncomplicated surgery, weaning was delayed due to nighttime dyspnea and hypoxemia attributed to diaphragm dysfunction. After improvement of diaphragm function, the symptoms persisted, requiring noninvasive nocturnal ventilatory support. Polysomnography confirmed severe mixed sleep apnea. RESULTS: Effective treatment with noninvasive bi-level positive airway pressure spontaneous/timed mode (BiPAP S/T) ventilation during the nights rendered the patient symptom free. Polysomnography confirmed successful treatment. CONCLUSION: Disordered breathing while sleeping is common after solid organ transplantation. BiPAP S/T ventilator therapy was effective to the treat dominantly central sleep apnea in our patient.
Assuntos
Fibrose Cística/cirurgia , Transplante de Pulmão/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência Respiratória/cirurgia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/etiologia , Adulto , Fibrose Cística/complicações , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Polissonografia , Respiração com Pressão Positiva , Insuficiência Respiratória/etiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/diagnóstico , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/terapia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare condition with nonspecific signs and symptoms. A 39-year-old underwent cadaver kidney transplantation. After an uncomplicated operation, progressive dyspnea of unknown origin developed. Findings at chest radiography suggested pneumomediastinum, which was confirmed at computed tomography. Esophageal or tracheal injury was ruled out. The rapidly developing atelectasis of the left lung necessitated urgent bronchoscopy, which revealed occlusion of the left main bronchus. After removal of the occluding mucus plug, the clinical symptoms immediately improved, and the spontaneous pneumomediastinum resolved within 3 days. Asymptomatic increase in airway secretions in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis may result in mucus plug formation during general anesthesia, which can cause spontaneous pneumomediastinum.