RESUMO
Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) contents in conifer leaves and their fatty acid (FA) compositions were determined. The SQDG content was 16-36 mg/100 g, and was high in Picea glehnii. Palmitic and alpha-linolenic acid were the usually predominant FAs. In Picea, the proportion of alpha-linolenic acid was low, and those of oleic and linoleic acid were high. The essential oil residues of Abies sachalinensis leaves were found to be a potential source of SQDG material.
Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos/análise , Glicolipídeos/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Traqueófitas/química , Abies/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Japão , Óleos Voláteis/química , Traqueófitas/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Membrane lipids of photosynthetic organisms consist of glycerophospholipids and glyceroglycolipids. We investigated a method for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of neutral and acidic lipids using HPLC-ELSD, and quantified monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG). Ten complex lipid classes were separated with a binary gradient system consisting of chloroform and methanol-acetone-water-acetic acid (30:60:9:1, v/v/v/v) with 0.3% triethylamine (pH 4), and were eluted within 16 min. The contents of SQDG in ten edible plants ranged from 3 to 101 mg/100 g, and were positively correlated to the neutral glyceroglycolipids contents.
Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Glicerol/química , Glicolipídeos/análise , Glicolipídeos/química , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Ácidos Graxos/químicaRESUMO
Fatty acid (FA) compositions in leaves were investigated for two families of F(1) hybrids of Larix gmelinii var. japonica x L. kaempferi (F(1)) and their parent clones. Twenty-one FAs, from C(12) to C(32), were found in the leaves of both adult trees and seedlings. The levels of 18:1/(18:2 + 18:3) increased in the order L. kaempferi, F(1), and L. gmelinii var. japonica, with significant differences between L. gmelinii var. japonica and F(1) in adult trees, but these differences were not found in the seedlings. Moreover, in the adult trees, the 18:1/(18:2 + 18:3) levels in the neutral phospholipid fraction and the SigmaC(18)/SigmaC(16), especially in the glycolipid fraction, showed significant differences among the three species. These characteristics are discussed from the viewpoint of lipid synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum and chloroplasts, and of the activities and substrate specificities in sequential FA desaturation. Linear discriminant analysis suggested that the FA compositions are useable as an index in the identification of hybrid seedlings.
Assuntos
Quimera , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Larix/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Quimera/metabolismo , Cloroplastos/metabolismo , Análise Discriminante , Retículo Endoplasmático/metabolismo , Glicolipídeos/biossíntese , Glicolipídeos/química , Larix/citologia , Larix/metabolismo , Fosfolipídeos/biossíntese , Fosfolipídeos/química , Análise de Componente Principal , Plântula/químicaRESUMO
In Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.) calli, free sterol (FS), acylsterol (AS) and glycosylsterol, including the acylated type, were found in the proportion of 1.0:0.1:0.8. When the calli were cultured in the presence of 10 mM mevalonic acid (MVA), the content of AS, but not FS and glycosylsterol, was increased remarkably. The major component sterol in each sterol lipid class was usually sitosterol (more than 90%) with campesterol as a minor one. There were no differences on the sterol compositions between the calli cultured with or without MVA. When the calli cultured with 10 mM MVA for 6 weeks were transferred to the control medium without exogenous MVA, AS contents decreased to the level of the control calli. Thus, it was shown that sterol lipids, such as FS and glycosylsterols, with the structural functions was maintained in the constant content and the excess sterol biosynthesized from exogenous MVA was esterified to form AS for storage of sterol components.