Osteoarthritis Increases the Frequency and Duration of Postoperative Hand Clinic Visits after Carpal Tunnel Release.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome affects up to 6% of the general population, and surgical intervention is often required to ameliorate symptoms. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition that often coexists with carpal tunnel syndrome. We hypothesized that patients with preexisting OA use more healthcare resources after carpal tunnel release (CTR) than patients without arthritis. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study at a single academic center between January 1, 2018 and November 1, 2021. Patients who underwent CTR were included. Preoperative carpal tunnel symptoms, diagnostic tests, medications, and concomitant OA were abstracted. Hand, wrist, and basal joint arthritis were specified. The primary outcome was healthcare utilization represented by duration and frequency of hand clinic and occupational therapy (OT) follow-up. In total, 312 hands were included. Multivariable analysis was performed. Results: The average duration of hand clinic follow-up among patients without arthritis was 25.3 days compared with 87.1 days for patients with any arthritis (P = 0.0375) and 172 days for patients with wrist arthritis (P = 0.012). The average number of postoperative surgeon visits was increased in patients with hand arthritis, with an average of 2.3 visits versus 1.34 visits for patients without arthritis (P = 0.003). Both the number of OT visits and the duration of OT follow-up did not differ between cohorts. Conclusion: After CTR, patients with preexisting OA use more healthcare resources than patients without OA.

Analysis of quality of nuchal translucency measurements: its role in prenatal diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: Quantitative analysis of the quality of nuchal translucency (NT) measurements. METHODS: First-trimester combined screening for Down syndrome was performed to all pregnant women attended in our Department from October 2003 to November 2009. NT was measured according to the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) criteria by 20 trained obstetricians. The performance of NT measurements was retrospectively analyzed with regard to several quality control standards. Accuracy according to experience, professional profile, crown rump length (CRL) values, and FMF certification was statistically tested. RESULTS: A total of 14978 NT measurements were assessed. (1) The mean operator-specific median NT-MoM values was 0,98. (2) Mean percentage of cases >95th and <5th centiles were 5,0% and 4,2%, respectively. (3) Logarithmic mean and SD of the NT MoM values were 0,00 and 0,13, respectively. (4) The DR for trisomy 21 at screening time was 90,7% for a FPR of 6,7% for standard screening strategy. (5) According to Cumulative SUM (CUSUM) figures, the performance was more acceptable in FMF-certified operators. CONCLUSION: Overall, quality standards show optimal NT measurements in our unit. Operator experience, a dedicated profile to fetal medicine, CRL over 60 mm, and FMF certification have a significant positive impact on the quality standards.

Cesarean rate in selected hospital network of private sector: A retrospective study.

INTRODUCTION: In Spain over the last two decades, cesarean section (CS) rates have increased from 15 to 25% in the Public Health Sector and from 28 to 38% in the private sector. There are multiples causes for this rise, which are often unclear. The aim of our study is to collect and analyze all the CS rates data from a hospital network of the 42 Quirónsalud Hospitals (private sector) and to assess its distribution regarding the different types of hospitals and patient characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational retrospective study between 2017 and 2018 was performed. Hospitals are classified into three groups: large hospitals (11), medium hospitals (17) and small hospitals (14). The cesarean section rate was measured by patient categorization into three groups: total deliveries, low risk cesarean sections and low risk cesarean sections without previous cesarean delivery. RESULTS: We analyzed 62,685 deliveries: 42,987 were vaginal deliveries (68.6%) and 19,698 CS (31.4%). The mean age for the total number of deliveries was 34.18 years old, whilst the mean age for the low-risk group was 34.12. Of the 19,698 CS, 18.36% (3618) were in high-risk population and 81.63% (16,080) in low risk population. 69.54% (11,183) of the low-risk CS were in patients without a previous CS. CONCLUSIONS: The overall rate of CS in the Quirónsalud group is slightly higher than the one from the Public Healthcare. The older maternal age as well as the hospital resources involved in the delivery attendance can explain this difference.

First-trimester fasting glycemia as a predictor of gestational diabetes (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

AIMS: Studies to prevent gestational diabetes (GDM) have shown the best results when lifestyle measures have been applied early in pregnancy. We aimed to investigate whether first-trimester fasting plasma glucose (FPG) could predict GDM risk and adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from singleton pregnancies who were attended at our hospital between 2008 and 2018 (n = 27,198) was performed. We included patients with a recorded first-trimester FPG and complete pregnancy data (n = 6845). Patients under 18, with pregestational diabetes or reproductive techniques, were excluded. First-trimester FPG was evaluated as a continuous variable and divided into quartiles. GDM was diagnosed by NDDG criteria. The relationship between first- and second-trimester glucose > 92 mg/dL was also investigated. The relationship between FPG and pregnancy outcomes was assessed in 6150 patients who did not have GDM. RESULTS: Maternal age was 34.2 ± 3.9 years, BMI 23.1 ± 3.7 kg/m2 and mean FPG 83.0 ± 7.3 mg/dL. Glucose quartiles were: ≤ 78, 79-83, 84-87 and ≥ 88 mg/dL. First-trimester FPG predicted the risk of GDM (7%, 8%, 10.2% and 16% in each quartile, p < 0.001) and the risk of second-trimester glucose > 92 mg/dL (2.6%, 3.8%, 6.3% and 11.4% in each quartile, p < 0.001). FPG was significantly associated with LGA (8.2%, 9.3%, 10% and 11.7% in each quartile, p = 0.011) but not with other obstetrical outcomes. In a multivariate analysis including age, BMI, tobacco use, number of pregnancies and weight gained during pregnancy, first-trimester FPG was an independent predictor of LGA. CONCLUSIONS: First-trimester FPG is an early marker of GDM and LGA.

Delayed-onset paraparesis in Lassa fever: A case report.

Lassa fever (LF) is an endemic viral hemorrhagic fever in West Africa. Among the serious complications of the disease are neurological manifestations whose spectrum is incompletely known. Here we report the case of a 61-year-old man who developed a delayed-onset paraparesis a few weeks after getting infected with Lassa virus, thereby suggesting a possible association between LF and spinal cord disorders.

Lectin-modified piezoelectric biosensors for bacteria recognition and quantification.

The use of lectins for microorganism biosensors fabrication is proposed. Lectins are immobilised onto a gold-plated quartz crystal for direct piezoelectric label-free transduction of the bacteria-lectin binding event using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). Concanavalin A (Con A) and Escherichia coli were used for the evaluation of the lectin immobilisation method and the biosensor performance. Adsorption on nonpolarised and polarised (-0.200 V) gold-coated quartz crystals and immobilisation through avidin-biotin binding were checked for Con A surface attachment. Lectin-bacteria binding was evaluated in all cases. With a crystal modified with Con A via avidin-biotin immobilisation we obtained a linear calibration plot between 5.0 x 10(6) and 2.0 x 10(7) cfu mL(-1) by measuring frequency changes with E. coli concentration 1 h after bacteria addition. A remarkable increase in sensitivity was achieved when the analytical solution contained free biotinylated Con A, as a consequence of multiple lectin adhesion to Escherichia coli cell wall, which produced an accumulation of Con A-E. coli conjugates in the form of multilayers at the electrode surface. A detection limit of approximately 1.0 x 10(4) cfu mL(-1) was achieved. Moreover nonspecific adsorptions were minimised. Using Con A and lectin from Arachis hypogaea, different response profiles were achieved for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium phlei, thus demonstrating the feasibility of bacteria discrimination. An approach involving filtering of free and lectin-bound bacteria and introduction of a filter in the measuring cell allowed a significant frequency change to be obtained for an E. coli concentration of 1.0 x 10(3) cfu mL(-1) in order to further increase the sensitivity and discriminate between viable and nonviable cells; an approach using electrochemical measurements of bacterial catalase activity was also checked.

[Scrotal hair in infants]. / Vello escrotal en lactantes.

The presence of pubic hair is exceptional in healthy infants of both sexes. In most of the cases described in the literature, the process was self-limited and no etiology was found. Nevertheless, in some patients, this finding has been associated with other manifestations of hyperandrogenism related to potentially serious diseases such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia or virilizing tumors. In the present article, we describe seven infants followed-up in the Pediatric Endocrine Clinic because of scrotal hair. In all patients, the process was self-limited and resolved spontaneously and no hormonal or developmental alterations were observed. Key words: Scrotal hair, infants, virilization.

Integrated electrochemical gluconic acid biosensor based on self-assembled monolayer-modified gold electrodes. Application to the analysis of gluconic acid in musts and wines.

An integrated amperometric gluconic acid biosensor constructed using a gold electrode (AuE) modified with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) on which gluconate dehydrogenase (GADH, 0.84 U) and the mediator tetrathiafulvalene (TTF, 1.5 micromol) were coimmobilized by covering the electrode surface with a dialysis membrane is reported. The working conditions selected were Eapp=+0.15 V and 25+/-1 degrees C. The useful lifetime of one single TTF-GADH-MPA-AuE was surprisingly long. After 53 days of continuous use, the biosensor exhibited 86% of the original sensitivity. A linear calibration plot was obtained for gluconic acid over the 6.0x10(-7) to 2.0x10(-5) M concentration range, with a limit of detection of 1.9x10(-7) M. The effect of potential interferents (glucose, fructose, galactose, arabinose, and tartaric, citric, malic, ascorbic, gallic, and caffeic acids) on the biosensor response was evaluated. The behavior of the biosensor in a flow-injection system in connection with amperometric detection was tested. The analytical usefulness of the biosensor was evaluated by determining gluconic acid in wine and must samples, and the results obtained were validated by comparison with those provided by using a commercial enzyme test kit.

[Tracheal agenesis associated with laryngeal malformations as an unusual cause of airway failure]. / Agenesia traqueal asociada a malformaciones laríngeas como causa inusual de fracaso de la vía aérea.

Tracheal agenesis is an uncommon congenital malformation with an extremely high mortality rate. This malformation manifests after delivery as severe respiratory distress, cyanosis, lack of crying and impossibility of endotracheal respiratory support. This anomaly is usually associated with cardiovascular, respiratory and gastrointestinal malformations. Only a high index of suspicion and early surgical management will prevent death. An early diagnosis may also help the parents and the medical team to take appropriate decisions. Currently, there is no effective therapy that guarantees long-term survival.

[Group therapy for the treatment of obesity in children and adolescents]. / Terapia de grupo para el tratamiento de la obesidad infantil.

THERAPY: Although obesity is one of the leading health problems in developed countries, effective treatment is lacking. The aim of the present study was to determine whether group therapy is more efficient in inducing weigh loss than individual therapy in the pediatric age group. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Fifty obese patients, 15 preadolescents and 33 adolescents (12 boys and 23 girls) were studied. In all patients, dietary intake was modified to reduce calorie intake. Initially all patients were followed-up individually every 3 months (individual therapy) until the beginning of group therapy when the patients were seen monthly in groups of 10-15 patients with their parents (preadolescents) or alone (adolescents). In the group sessions, talks were given about diet and exercise. In each session, the patient who had shown the greatest improvement in habits and weight loss received a prize. The patients were followed-up for 2 years, with individual therapy in the first year and group therapy in the second. Differences in body mass index (BMI) z-score before the beginning of therapy and during therapy were analyzed using Student's paired T test. RESULTS: With individual therapy, no changes in BMI z-score were observed throughout the study. In contrast, with group therapy, BMI z-score decreased in all the groups studied. During the 1-year follow-up with individual therapy, 60 % of the patients gained more than 5 kg. With group therapy, only 10 % of patients gained more than 5 kg. CONCLUSIONS: In obese children and adolescents, group therapy was more efficient than individual therapy in inducing weight loss.

Maternal fasting glycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a Mediterranean population.

AIMS: The hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcome study demonstrated a continuous association between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels below those diagnostic of diabetes and adverse neonatal outcomes. We aimed to investigate whether the same association was found in a Mediterranean population. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of singleton pregnancies attended at our Hospital between 2008 and 2015 (n = 5203). FPG was evaluated in the second trimester, and it was divided into 7 categories (1 < 75, 2 75-79, 3 80-84, 4 85-89, 5 90-94, 6 95-99 and 7 100-124 mg/dL). Pregnancy outcomes included elective cesarean delivery, gestational hypertensive disorders (GHD), large for gestational age (LGA), small for gestational age (SGA), macrosomia, prematurity, severe prematurity and APGAR at 1 min <7. RESULTS: Maternal age was 33.8 ± 3.8 years, and BMI at first antenatal visit was 22.9 ± 3.5 kg/m2; mean FPG was 79 ± 7 mg/dL. A positive association was observed between FPG and LGA (p < 0.001), GHD (p = 0.004) and prematurity both <37 and <34 weeks of gestation (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004). FPG and SGA were inversely related (p = 0,038). FPG was not significantly related to rate of C-section or APGAR. Adjusted odds ratios associated with 1 standard deviation increase in the fasting plasma glucose (7 mg/dL) were 1.26 (1.15 to 1.37) for LGA, 1.28 (1.09 to 1.49) for GHD and 0.83 (0.74-0.93) for SGA. In a multivariate analysis controlling for confounders, FPG remained associated with LGA. CONCLUSIONS: We found an association between FPG levels, below those diagnostic of gestational diabetes according to our guidelines, and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in a Mediterranean population.

[Evolution over time in over perceivers of dyspnea in asthma]. / Evolución temporal de la percepción exagerada de disnea en los pacientes con asma.

OBJECTIVE: In previous studies we identified a subgroup of patients whose perception of breathlessness was exaggerated during acute bronchoconstriction and who were termed "over perceivers" or "hyperperceivers". In this study we aimed to determine whether such over perception is sporadic or stable over time. We also examined whether there is an association between over perception of dyspnea and hyperventilation syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The subjects were 22 stable asthmatics (11 men, 11 women) who had been over perceivers of dyspnea in a study 9 years earlier. After a medical history was taken, a patient performed forced spirometry and a severity classification was made according to the criteria of the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). A bronchial histamine challenge was then administered to measure dose-related perception of dyspnea on a Borg scale, according to a procedure that was similar to the one used 9 years earlier by the same investigator. The patients were also asked for a subjective assessment of the severity of their asthma (scale, 0-10) and to respond to items on the Nijmegen hyperventilation questionnaire and the trait form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS: The overall perception of severity of disease, level of anxiety, and perception of dyspnea at rest were lower after 9 years (P<.001). No change was observed in bronchial hyperresponsiveness (dose of inhaled histamine required to provoke a 20% decline in forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1]-PD20) or objective parameters of severity (FEV1 and GINA classification). Fourteen asthmatics (64%) were still over perceivers and the other patients had changed: 6 were normal perceivers and 2 were "poor perceivers". Only subjective perception of disease severity improved for the patients who were still over perceivers; the other patients, on the other hand, showed improvements in subjective assessments, objective ones (except PD20), and anxiety. Finally, those who remained over perceivers had higher scores for anxiety (24 vs 15; P<.05) and hyperventilation (18 vs 13; P= not significant). CONCLUSIONS: Most over perceivers of dyspnea remain so over the years and this trait is related to anxiety. We have been unable to demonstrate an association with hyperventilation syndrome.

[Uncommon etiology of gastrointestinal bleeding: duodenal metastases from renal cell carcinoma]. / Causa poco habitual de hemorragia digestiva alta: metástasis duodenal de adenocarcinoma renal.

Because of its unpredictable behavior, renal cell carcinoma is one of the most controversial neoplasms. On the one hand, patients frequently show metastases at diagnosis because of its slight manifestations, while on the other, the neoplasm can remain stable after nephrectomy and can then metastasize many years later. When this happens, the metastases usually involve more than 2 organs. The most frequent sites of metastases are the lung and lymph nodes, followed by the bones and liver, while duodenal involvement is rare. Indeed, intestinal metastases are found in only 2% of autopsies and of these, renal cell carcinoma metastases account for 7.1%. We present a case of a solitary late recurrence presenting as upper gastrointestinal bleeding 19 years after nephrectomy for clear cell renal carcinoma.

[The cannabinoid system and its importance in the perinatal period]. / El sistema cannabinoide y su importancia en el período perinatal.

The cannabinoid system has been recently described, including the endogenous ligands, mainly arachidonic acid derivatives, and their specific receptors. Endocannabinoids are involved in the modulation of synaptic transmission, through which they exert their psychoactive, motor and antinociceptive effects, among others; they also exert extraneural effects, mainly immunomodulation and vasodilation. Recent data suggest that the cannabinoid system might play an important role in human ontogeny and could participate in the implantation and early development of the embryo, in fetal brain development, and in the beginning of breast feeding after birth. In addition, the vasodilatory effect of cannabinoids, together with inhibition of the release of excitotoxic amino acids and cytokines, as well as modulation of oxidative stress and the toxic production of nitric oxide, justify the growing evidence pointing to a possible neuroprotective effect of cannabinoids in perinatal asphyxia.

[Coronary angiography with multislice computed tomography]. / Angiografía coronaria mediante tomografía computarizada multicorte.

Echocardiography allows visualization of the origin of the coronary arteries and their proximal trajectory but evaluation of the middle and distal portions of these vessels is limited. Invasive coronary angiography is currently the procedure of choice to evaluate coronary anatomy. New imaging techniques have recently been developed that allow coronary structures to be visualized. One of these techniques is multislice or multidetector computed tomography (MSCT) which provides a static image of the final distribution of contrast in the vascular tree. We report a patient in whom a differential diagnosis between myopericarditis and myocardial ischemia was being considered. MSCT coronary angiography allowed the coronary tree to be visualized and anomalies in this location to be ruled out. The main limitations of MSCT coronary angiography in children are elevated cardiac frequency, making high quality images difficult to obtain, and irradiation. Although the use of MSCT coronary angiography to evaluate coronary arteries in the pediatric population currently presents considerable limitations, this procedure can be useful in selected children with suspected congenital anomalies, aneurysms or coronary fistulas who are not considered suitable candidates for conventional invasive coronary angiography.

[The clinical semiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder according to age, and the effectiveness of treatments at different ages]. / Semiología clínica del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad en función de la edad y eficacia de los tratamientos en las distintas edades

INTRODUCTION: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most important cause of poor academic performance and is also usually associated with behavioural, emotional and sociability disorders. AIM: To analyse the different clinical features and the response to psychostimulant therapy, according to the age. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the cases of 152 children referred to Neuropaediatrics owing to suspected ADHD over a 6-year period. Diagnosis and comorbidity were investigated by the looking at their case history, by examination and observation, as well as by interviewing the parents (DSM-IV criteria), and by applying Conners' Rating Scale for parents and teachers, in addition to neuropsychological tests. In order to improve data processing, we established four groups according to the patient's age at diagnosis and when treatment was started: G1: 3-5; G2: 6-8; G3: 9-11; and G4: 12-15 years. RESULTS: ADHD was diagnosed in 102 of the 152 children; 53% had the combined type, 26% were of the inattentional type, and 20% were hyperactive/impulsive. Poor school performance increased with age and reached 75% in G4. The same occurred with conduct disorders: at 6 years of age, 23% were found to have oppositional defiant disorder, and from the age of 9 onwards over 60% of them had conduct disorders. Up until 12 years of age they showed some improvement with psychostimulants and later the rate of dropouts from medical clinical controls and from treatment was over 40%. CONCLUSIONS: The older patients are and the later ADHD is attended, the more problems they have. If successful preventive measures are to be implemented, it would be advisable to begin treatment even before children start primary education (5 years old), so as to try and avoid the pedagogical and behavioural repercussions observed in these children at the age of 6.

The TITAN-AMI multicenter registry evaluating the usage of Titan2 stent in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Final result at 12-month follow-up.

AIM: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation is the recommended treatment for patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Data from randomised trials showed good performance by a titanium-nitric-oxide coated stent in this context. The aim of this study was to confirm these data. METHODS: A multicentre registry was compiled in 23 hospitals in Spain in an all-comers population. We selected patients with STEMI from a global Titan AMI registry that included patients with acute coronary syndrome. Primary endpoint was the composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and target lesion revascularisation, at 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: The study included 893 patients with STEMI. We included all possibilities for PCI: 86.6% primary, 5% facilitated after successful fibrinolysis and 8.4% rescue PCI after failed fibrinolysis. The primary endpoint was reached in 8.4% of the patients: cardiac death 2.7%, reinfarction 3.4%, target lesion revascularisation 3.5% and definite or probable stent thrombosis 2.8%. The majority of stent thromboses presented in the first 30 days after PCI. CONCLUSION: A bioactive stent (titanium-nitric-oxide coated stent) is a possible alternative for the treatment of patients with STEMI. One-year follow-up showed better results than those presented by a regular bare-metal stent or first-generation drug-eluting stent in terms of stent thrombosis.

Graphite-Teflon composite bienzyme electrodes for the determination of L-lactate: application to food samples.

A bienzyme amperometric graphite-Teflon composite biosensor, in which lactate oxidase (LOD) and peroxidase, together with the mediator ferrocene, are incorporated into the electrode matrix, was developed for the determination of L-lactate in food samples such as wine and yogurt by using both batch- and flow-injection modes. This bienzyme electrode was fabricated by simple physical inclusion of the enzymes and the mediator in the bulk of the graphite-Teflon matrix. A Teflon content of 70%, an applied potential of 0.00 V, and a pH of 7.4 were employed as working conditions. The composite bioelectrode exhibited long-term operation because of the renewability of its surface by polishing. Reproducible amperometric responses were achieved with different electrodes fabricated from different composite matrices, and no significant loss of the enzyme activity occurred after 6 months of storage at 4 degrees C. Detection limits for L-lactate of 1.4 and 0.9 microM were obtained by batch amperometry in stirred solutions and flow-injection with amperometric detection, respectively. An interferences study with different substances which may be present in wine and yogurt together with L-lactic acid demonstrated very good selectivity for the determination of this analyte. The bienzyme composite electrode was applied to the determination of L-lactic acid in red wine and shaken yogurt, and the methods were validated by comparing these results with those obtained by applying a recommended reference method.

Composite electrochemical biosensors: a comparison of three different electrode matrices for the construction of amperometric tyrosinase biosensors.

A comparison of the behaviour of three different rigid composite matrices for the construction of amperometric tyrosinase biosensors, which are widely used for the detection of phenolic compounds, is reported. The composite electrode matrices were, graphite-Teflon; reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC)-epoxy resin; and graphite-ethylene/propylene/diene (EPD) terpolymer. After optimization of the experimental conditions, different aspects regarding the stability of the three composite tyrosinase electrode designs were considered and compared. A better reproducibility of the amperometric responses was found with the graphite-EPD electrodes, whereas a longer useful lifetime was observed for the graphite-Teflon electrodes. The kinetic parameters of the tyrosinase reaction were calculated for eight different phenolic compounds, as well as their corresponding calibration plots. The general trend in sensitivity was graphite-EPD>graphite-Teflon>>RVC-epoxy resin. A correlation between sensitivity and the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme reaction for each phenolic substrate was found. Furthermore, differences in the sensitivity order for the phenolic compounds were observed among the three biocomposite electrodes, which suggests that the nature of the electrode matrix influences the interactions in the tyrosinase catalytic cycle.

Effects of intact glucosinolates and products produced from glucosinolates in myrosinase-catalyzed hydrolysis on the potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis Cv. Woll).

The potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis cv. Woll) is responsible for large yield losses in the potato crop, and opportunities for reducing the attack of these plant nematode species are, therefore, important. This study has been devoted to the testing of the in vitro effects on the potato cyst nematode of eight glucosinolates [prop-2-enyl-, but-3-enyl-, (R)-4-methylsulfinylbut-3-enyl-, benzyl-, phenethyl-, 4-hydroxybenzyl-, (2S)-2-hydroxybut-3-enyl-, and (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethylglucosinolate] as well as the effects of the products of this myrosinase-catalyzed hydrolysis. The glucosinolates were used at three concentrations, 0.05, 0.3, and 1.0 mg/mL, in the presence or absence of the enzyme myrosinase. The effects of the compounds on the mortality were monitored every 8 h for a 72 h period. No effects were found for any of the intact glucosinolates. However, when active myrosinase was included with 1 mg/mL phenethylglucosinolate at pH 6.5, 100% mortality was observed within just 16 h. A similar effect was achieved at the same concentration of benzyl- and prop-2-enylglucosinolates in the myrosinase-containing solutions, although longer exposures were required (24 and 40 h, respectively). The main aglucone products released from the glucosinolates with pronounced effects on the nematodes were shown to be the corresponding isothiocyanates. The results suggest that mixtures of these specific glucosinolates and active myrosinase or autolysis of plant materials containing these enzymes and glucosinolates might be used to control the potato cyst nematode in the soil.