[Comparative morphological characteristics of changes in the liver in case of poisoning with alcohol-containing liquids in human and following subacute treatment of animals with ethyl and propyl alcohols, ethylene glycol and their mixtures].

The authors present results of comparative morphological studies of changes in the liver after intoxication with alcohol-containing liquids in human and following subacute treatment of animals with ethyl and propyl alcohols, ethylene glycol and their mixtures. It was shown that poisoning caused by individual chemical substances and their mixtures induced significantly different changes in the liver of animals. The mixtures produced much more serious toxic lesions in the parenchymal tissue than individual spirits (including development of necrotization foci) and contributed to enhanced mortality of experimental animals. The morphological picture of the liver in human subjects poisoned by a mixture of alcohols resembled that after intoxication with carbon tetrachloride and was consistent with the changes in people who had died during episodes of mass poisoning with surrogate alcoholic beverages and alcohol-containing liquids.

[Forensic-medical evaluation of toxic hepatitis associated with surrogate alcohol poisoning].

Medical cards of 1,116 inpatient victims of surrogate alcohol poisoning and 242 cases of its fatal outcome associated with jaundice were available for analysis form Irkutsk Region and other regions of the Russian Federation in the second half of 2006 and early 2007. The study revealed differences in hepatic lesions depending on the chemical nature of toxicants. Mixtures containing guanidine derivatives caused highly specific irreversible disturbance of bile transport in hepatocytes and biliary capillaries in the absence of cholestasis at the level of biliary ducts. Changes in hepatocytes of different type and genesis appear to be due to other toxic components and may be of use for the establishment of causal relation between hepatic lesions and concrete toxic mixtures.

[The detection of albumin intraperitoneally administered to rabbits in the subclavian lymph node]. / Vyiavlenie intraperitoneal'no vvedennogo krolikam al'bumina v podkliuchichnom limfouzle.

With light and electron microscopy, the localization of human albumin labeled with colloidal gold is described in the subclavia lymph nodes of rabbits following an intraperitoneal injection of this labeled albumin. Most of the particles were found in the reticular cells of the sinus, and some particles were identified in the sinus macrophages. No particles were found inside lymph node follicules within 1 hour after injection. All stages of internalization of foreign protein inside lymph node cells were demonstrated.

[Antibodies to morbilli virus of the Baikal seal in its natural host]. / Antitela k morbillivirusu baikal'skoi nerpy u prirodnogo khoziaina.

Morbillivirus of Baikal seal (BSM) was isolated from organs of a dead animal during 1987-1988 epizootic of Baikal seal (Phoca sibirica). A method of cellular enzyme immunoassay for testing for virus-specific antibodies was developed using BSM. The method was used for antibody detection in sera of 115 apparently normal seals collected in the spring of 1989. Antibody to BSM were found in sera from 75 animals. Examinations of seropositive animals of different age and sex were carried out. The results obtained indicate a possible role of BSM in the epizootic.

[Autoimmune component of inflammatory reactions in the radicular syndromes of lumbar osteochondrosis]. / Ob autoimmunnom komponente vospalitel'nykh reaktsii pri koreshkovykh sindromakh poiasnichnogo osteokhondroza.

Experimental and clinical studies of the autoimmune component of the reactive inflammatory process in tissues of the vertebral canal, caused by the presence of elements of an intervertebral disk, have allowed the authors to investigate the immune reaction of a delayed type and prove that it is immunocomplex in nature and manifests 3 weeks after the elements of the intervertebral disk have found their way into the immunocompetent system. The presence of immunoglobulins around the vessels and in the spinal membranes sheds some light on the autoimmune origin of cicatricial changes in these anatomical structures.

[Case of combined malignant adenoma of the hypophysis and astrocytoma]. / Sluchai sochetaniia zlokachestvennoi adenomy gipofiza i astrotsitomy.

A rare combination of two intracranial histogenetically different tumours in a male of 54 is described. Tumour originating from the region of the sella turcica was a malignant pituitary adenoma with infiltrating growth. Another neoplasm located in the frontoparietal region of the left brain hemisphre is referred to as "'pyloid" astocytoma.

[Reactive-inflammatory process in the spinal canal after implantation of autologous intervertebral disk cartilage]. / Reaktivno-vospalitel'nyi protsess v pozvonochnom kanale pri implantatsii autokhriashcha mezhpozvonochnogo diska.

The results of 6-month follow-up morphologic and immunomorphologic studies on 34 rabbits after the implantation of an autologous intervertebraldisk cartilage into the epidural space are presented. The data indicate of the reactive inflammatory process with a specific two-phase course of development. The cellular structure and the change of immunocompetent cell populations in the inflammation foci suggest the formation of hypersensitivity reaction 3 weeks after implantation. Inflammatory reactions in the vertebral canal tissues in response to disk fragment prolapse result in wide-spread cicatrix changes.

[The computer at the pathologist's laboratory]. / Komp'iuter v patologoanatomicheskoi laboratorii.

Computers are coming into practical use by pathologists. The computer hardware and software are briefly outlined. The software is discussed while drawing up protocols on the examination of biopsies, operative materials and autopsies. A special attention is given to the SNOP and SNOMED coding of diagnoses. How to operate on a computer is described in the paper. The latter provides evidence for applying the computer to the formulation of laboratory documents.

[Clinico-immunological and pathomorphological correlations in syringomyelia]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskie i patomorfologicheskie korreliatsii pri siringomielii.

The authors provide the results of studying humoral immunity of the blood serum, CSF and cystic fluid and pathomorphological alterations in the spinal membranes of 16 operated patients with communicating syringomyelia, which form the basis for viewing the immune mechanism as an important component of the pathogenesis of cyst formation. The indicators of humoral immunity mirror the activity of syringomyelia pathomorphosis and can be used for estimation of the time course of changes in the process and of the efficacy of the treatment given to the patients.

[Evaluation of vaccinal immunogenesis by the peroxidase method]. / Otsenka vaktsinal'nogo immunomorfogeneza peroksidaznym metodom.

The possibility of evaluating functional immunomorphogenesis in the course of the vaccinal process after the injection of conjugated and live brucellosis vaccines, as well as conjugated plague antigen and Yersinia pestis strain EV, to guinea pigs has been shown by means of the direct and two-layer variants of the immunoperoxidase assay. The dynamics of the accumulation of globulin-producing cells in the immunocompetent organs and the time course of immunoglobulin titers in the peripheral blood after the injection of live and conjugated vaccines have been followed up. These data may be used for the morphological evaluation of approved preparations.

[The transport of colloidal gold-labelled albumin after its intra-abdominal administration in peritonitis]. / Transport mechennogo kolloidnym zolotom al'bumina posle intraabdominal'nogo vvedeniia pri peritonite.

We studied transportation of the colloidal gold labelled albumin 0.5-24 hours after intraabdominal administration of the tracer in normal rabbits and rabbits with experimental diffuse peritonitis (total 24 rabbits). Evacuation of foreign protein goes through the mesothelial stomata to the lymphatic vessels of diaphragm and further to the mediastinal lymph nodes. Sufficient amount of the tracer was captured by the phagocytes inside the lymph collectors. In case of peritonitis reticular cells of the lymph node displayed decreased capture of the tracer. This fact can be attributed to obstacles in the evacuation of the tracer from peritoneum and decreased phagocytic capacity of the reticular cells.

[Morphofunctional evaluation of the immunogenicity of a live brucellosis vaccine]. / Morfofunktsional'naia otsenka immunogennosti zhivoi brutselleznoi vaktsiny.

The possibility of evaluating the immunogenic potency of brucellosis vaccine BA-19 by immunological methods has been shown. Morphometry and the quantitative evaluation of globulin-producing cells in lymphoid organs by direct and indirect immunofluorescent techniques serve as informative evaluation tests. The marker method with the evaluation of lymphocyte classes by acid and alkaline phosphatases and the electrophoretic motility characteristics of T- and B-lymphocytes, used in combination with the above-mentioned methods, present information on immunogenesis. The immunoperoxidase method and the values of the opsonophagocytic index characterize the state of phagocytosis and the persistence of the antigen.

[Reactive-inflammatory and degenerative-dystrophic changes in the nervous system in experimental syringomyelia]. / O reaktivno-vospalitel'nykh i degenerativno-distroficheskikh izmeneniiakh v nervnoi sisteme pri ékperimental'noi siringomielii.

The results of immunomorphologic and histochemical investigations of 12 rabbits with experimental syringomyelia are presented. Chronic pachymeningitis of the hind brain, resulting from the administration of kaolin leads to the disorders of liquor circulation on the level of outlet of the fourth ventricle this being a start mechanism for the cavity formation in the spinal cord. The reactive inflammatory, degenerative and immune reactions accompany the formation of cavity in the nervous tissue. The formation of cavity is followed by asymmetrical segment demyelination and reparative hyperplasia of the astroglial cells and gliosis of the cavity walls.

[The morphological characteristics of globulin production during the vaccinal process induced by tularemia and brucellosis vaccines]. / Morfologicheskaia kharakteristika globulinproduktsii pri vaktsinal'nom protsesse, vyzvannom tuliaremiinoi i brutselleznoi vaktsinami.

Significant data on the dynamics of globulin production in guinea pigs in the process of immunogenesis after the injection of Francisella tularensis vaccine strain or conjugated brucellosis vaccine have been obtained by means of immunofluorescence and the enzyme immunoassay. The number of globulin-producing cells in lymphoid organs (the spleen, regional and remote lymph nodes) differs, depending on the injected antigen. The relationship between the character of immunomorphological changes in lymphoid organs and the dynamics of the increase of antibody titers in the peripheral blood of the animals after their immunization with conjugated brucellosis vaccine and the injection of avirulent F. tularensis has been established.

[The identification investigation of the material evidence of biological origin after multifactorial exposure]. / Identifikatsionnoe issledovanie veshchestvennykh dokazatel'stv biologicheskogo proiskhozhdeniia posle mnogofaktornogo vozdeistviia.

The possibility of investigating pieces of material evidence of biological origin after exposure to various factors is evaluated. The possibility of detecting proteins of liquid media of human organism by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide denatured gel is investigated. The method is intended for identification of biological material in a state of grave destruction. Methodology of such studies is proposed. The data indicate that the structural integrity and qualitative composition of the spectrum of main serum proteins are retained after combined exposure to damaging factors and complete destruction of blood cells.

[The characteristics of the morphological changes to the parenchymatous organs in persons who used street narcotics]. / Osobennosti morfologicheskikh izmenenii parenkhimatoznykh organov u lits, upotrebliavshikh kustarno prigotovlennye narkotiki.

Morphologic signs of narcomania in subjects using primitively prepared narcotics from opium-containing raw material are described. Sites of injections and inflammatory reactions in the parenchymatous organs are described. Special attention is paid to productive hypersensitive inflammation, which can serve as a sign confirming narcomania in subjects using poorly purified narcotic mixture. The authors classify the granulomas in such patients as toxic allergic granulomatosis.

[Clinico-morphological parameters of heroin abuse and pathology connected with it]. / Kliniko-morfologicheskie parametry geroinovoi narkomanii i sviazannoi s nei patologii.

Morphological manifestations of narcomania in heroin users are described. Diseases associated with heroin narcomania and causes of death of heroin users are presented. Morphological manifestations at the site of injections and inflammatory reactions in parenchymatous organs are characterized. The authors pay special attention to the productive inflammation which can serve as one of the signs that confirm narcomania in cases with parenteral injections of crude heroin. The authors refer the granulomas to toxic allergic form of granulomatous hypersensitive inflammation.