RESUMO
The authors present results of comparative morphological studies of changes in the liver after intoxication with alcohol-containing liquids in human and following subacute treatment of animals with ethyl and propyl alcohols, ethylene glycol and their mixtures. It was shown that poisoning caused by individual chemical substances and their mixtures induced significantly different changes in the liver of animals. The mixtures produced much more serious toxic lesions in the parenchymal tissue than individual spirits (including development of necrotization foci) and contributed to enhanced mortality of experimental animals. The morphological picture of the liver in human subjects poisoned by a mixture of alcohols resembled that after intoxication with carbon tetrachloride and was consistent with the changes in people who had died during episodes of mass poisoning with surrogate alcoholic beverages and alcohol-containing liquids.
Assuntos
1-Propanol/intoxicação , Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Depressores do Sistema Nervoso Central/efeitos adversos , Etanol/efeitos adversos , Etilenoglicol/intoxicação , Fígado/patologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Necrose , RatosRESUMO
Medical cards of 1,116 inpatient victims of surrogate alcohol poisoning and 242 cases of its fatal outcome associated with jaundice were available for analysis form Irkutsk Region and other regions of the Russian Federation in the second half of 2006 and early 2007. The study revealed differences in hepatic lesions depending on the chemical nature of toxicants. Mixtures containing guanidine derivatives caused highly specific irreversible disturbance of bile transport in hepatocytes and biliary capillaries in the absence of cholestasis at the level of biliary ducts. Changes in hepatocytes of different type and genesis appear to be due to other toxic components and may be of use for the establishment of causal relation between hepatic lesions and concrete toxic mixtures.
Assuntos
Bebidas Alcoólicas/intoxicação , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas , Medicina Legal , Guanidinas/intoxicação , Fígado , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Necrose , Intoxicação/complicações , Intoxicação/patologiaRESUMO
With light and electron microscopy, the localization of human albumin labeled with colloidal gold is described in the subclavia lymph nodes of rabbits following an intraperitoneal injection of this labeled albumin. Most of the particles were found in the reticular cells of the sinus, and some particles were identified in the sinus macrophages. No particles were found inside lymph node follicules within 1 hour after injection. All stages of internalization of foreign protein inside lymph node cells were demonstrated.
Assuntos
Linfonodos/metabolismo , Albumina Sérica/metabolismo , Animais , Feminino , Ouro Coloide Radioativo , Humanos , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Linfonodos/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica , Coelhos , Albumina Sérica/administração & dosagem , Veia Subclávia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Morbillivirus of Baikal seal (BSM) was isolated from organs of a dead animal during 1987-1988 epizootic of Baikal seal (Phoca sibirica). A method of cellular enzyme immunoassay for testing for virus-specific antibodies was developed using BSM. The method was used for antibody detection in sera of 115 apparently normal seals collected in the spring of 1989. Antibody to BSM were found in sera from 75 animals. Examinations of seropositive animals of different age and sex were carried out. The results obtained indicate a possible role of BSM in the epizootic.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Vírus do Sarampo/imunologia , Focas Verdadeiras/imunologia , Envelhecimento/imunologia , Animais , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Cultura de Vírus/métodosRESUMO
Experimental and clinical studies of the autoimmune component of the reactive inflammatory process in tissues of the vertebral canal, caused by the presence of elements of an intervertebral disk, have allowed the authors to investigate the immune reaction of a delayed type and prove that it is immunocomplex in nature and manifests 3 weeks after the elements of the intervertebral disk have found their way into the immunocompetent system. The presence of immunoglobulins around the vessels and in the spinal membranes sheds some light on the autoimmune origin of cicatricial changes in these anatomical structures.
Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes/imunologia , Vértebras Lombares , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/imunologia , Osteocondrite/imunologia , Raízes Nervosas Espinhais , Animais , Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/patologia , Biópsia , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Disco Intervertebral/imunologia , Disco Intervertebral/patologia , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/etiologia , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/patologia , Osteocondrite/complicações , Osteocondrite/patologia , Coelhos , Canal Medular/imunologia , Canal Medular/patologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
A rare combination of two intracranial histogenetically different tumours in a male of 54 is described. Tumour originating from the region of the sella turcica was a malignant pituitary adenoma with infiltrating growth. Another neoplasm located in the frontoparietal region of the left brain hemisphre is referred to as "'pyloid" astocytoma.
Assuntos
Adenoma/patologia , Astrocitoma/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Adenoma/secundário , Astrocitoma/secundário , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/secundário , Hipófise/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/secundário , Sela Túrcica/patologiaRESUMO
The results of 6-month follow-up morphologic and immunomorphologic studies on 34 rabbits after the implantation of an autologous intervertebraldisk cartilage into the epidural space are presented. The data indicate of the reactive inflammatory process with a specific two-phase course of development. The cellular structure and the change of immunocompetent cell populations in the inflammation foci suggest the formation of hypersensitivity reaction 3 weeks after implantation. Inflammatory reactions in the vertebral canal tissues in response to disk fragment prolapse result in wide-spread cicatrix changes.
Assuntos
Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Disco Intervertebral/transplante , Animais , Autoanticorpos , Cartilagem/transplante , Espaço Epidural , Inflamação , Disco Intervertebral/imunologia , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/imunologia , Linfonodos/imunologia , Coelhos , Raízes Nervosas Espinhais/patologiaRESUMO
Computers are coming into practical use by pathologists. The computer hardware and software are briefly outlined. The software is discussed while drawing up protocols on the examination of biopsies, operative materials and autopsies. A special attention is given to the SNOP and SNOMED coding of diagnoses. How to operate on a computer is described in the paper. The latter provides evidence for applying the computer to the formulation of laboratory documents.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/instrumentação , Computadores , Patologia Clínica , Humanos , SoftwareRESUMO
The authors provide the results of studying humoral immunity of the blood serum, CSF and cystic fluid and pathomorphological alterations in the spinal membranes of 16 operated patients with communicating syringomyelia, which form the basis for viewing the immune mechanism as an important component of the pathogenesis of cyst formation. The indicators of humoral immunity mirror the activity of syringomyelia pathomorphosis and can be used for estimation of the time course of changes in the process and of the efficacy of the treatment given to the patients.
Assuntos
Siringomielia/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Formação de Anticorpos/imunologia , Biópsia , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/imunologia , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Masculino , Meninges/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , Siringomielia/diagnóstico por imagem , Siringomielia/patologiaRESUMO
The possibility of evaluating functional immunomorphogenesis in the course of the vaccinal process after the injection of conjugated and live brucellosis vaccines, as well as conjugated plague antigen and Yersinia pestis strain EV, to guinea pigs has been shown by means of the direct and two-layer variants of the immunoperoxidase assay. The dynamics of the accumulation of globulin-producing cells in the immunocompetent organs and the time course of immunoglobulin titers in the peripheral blood after the injection of live and conjugated vaccines have been followed up. These data may be used for the morphological evaluation of approved preparations.
Assuntos
Formação de Anticorpos , Vacinas Bacterianas/imunologia , Vacinação , Animais , Vacinas Bacterianas/administração & dosagem , Vacina contra Brucelose/administração & dosagem , Vacina contra Brucelose/imunologia , Cobaias , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Yersinia pestis/imunologiaRESUMO
We studied transportation of the colloidal gold labelled albumin 0.5-24 hours after intraabdominal administration of the tracer in normal rabbits and rabbits with experimental diffuse peritonitis (total 24 rabbits). Evacuation of foreign protein goes through the mesothelial stomata to the lymphatic vessels of diaphragm and further to the mediastinal lymph nodes. Sufficient amount of the tracer was captured by the phagocytes inside the lymph collectors. In case of peritonitis reticular cells of the lymph node displayed decreased capture of the tracer. This fact can be attributed to obstacles in the evacuation of the tracer from peritoneum and decreased phagocytic capacity of the reticular cells.
Assuntos
Albuminas/farmacocinética , Peritonite/metabolismo , Abdome , Albuminas/administração & dosagem , Animais , Transporte Biológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Coloide de Ouro , Injeções/métodos , Coelhos , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
The possibility of evaluating the immunogenic potency of brucellosis vaccine BA-19 by immunological methods has been shown. Morphometry and the quantitative evaluation of globulin-producing cells in lymphoid organs by direct and indirect immunofluorescent techniques serve as informative evaluation tests. The marker method with the evaluation of lymphocyte classes by acid and alkaline phosphatases and the electrophoretic motility characteristics of T- and B-lymphocytes, used in combination with the above-mentioned methods, present information on immunogenesis. The immunoperoxidase method and the values of the opsonophagocytic index characterize the state of phagocytosis and the persistence of the antigen.
Assuntos
Vacina contra Brucelose/imunologia , Animais , Linfócitos B/citologia , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Vacina contra Brucelose/administração & dosagem , Brucella abortus/imunologia , Citofotometria , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Cobaias , Imunoglobulinas/biossíntese , Linfonodos/anatomia & histologia , Linfonodos/imunologia , Fagocitose , Baço/anatomia & histologia , Baço/imunologia , Linfócitos T/citologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The results of immunomorphologic and histochemical investigations of 12 rabbits with experimental syringomyelia are presented. Chronic pachymeningitis of the hind brain, resulting from the administration of kaolin leads to the disorders of liquor circulation on the level of outlet of the fourth ventricle this being a start mechanism for the cavity formation in the spinal cord. The reactive inflammatory, degenerative and immune reactions accompany the formation of cavity in the nervous tissue. The formation of cavity is followed by asymmetrical segment demyelination and reparative hyperplasia of the astroglial cells and gliosis of the cavity walls.
Assuntos
Degeneração Neural/fisiologia , Sistema Nervoso/patologia , Siringomielia/patologia , Animais , Inflamação/patologia , Caulim , Regeneração Nervosa/fisiologia , Coelhos , Siringomielia/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
Significant data on the dynamics of globulin production in guinea pigs in the process of immunogenesis after the injection of Francisella tularensis vaccine strain or conjugated brucellosis vaccine have been obtained by means of immunofluorescence and the enzyme immunoassay. The number of globulin-producing cells in lymphoid organs (the spleen, regional and remote lymph nodes) differs, depending on the injected antigen. The relationship between the character of immunomorphological changes in lymphoid organs and the dynamics of the increase of antibody titers in the peripheral blood of the animals after their immunization with conjugated brucellosis vaccine and the injection of avirulent F. tularensis has been established.
Assuntos
Vacinas Bacterianas/imunologia , Vacina contra Brucelose/imunologia , Francisella tularensis/imunologia , Sistema Imunitário/citologia , Imunoglobulinas/biossíntese , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Formação de Anticorpos/imunologia , Células Produtoras de Anticorpos/citologia , Células Produtoras de Anticorpos/imunologia , Cobaias , Sistema Imunitário/imunologia , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The possibility of investigating pieces of material evidence of biological origin after exposure to various factors is evaluated. The possibility of detecting proteins of liquid media of human organism by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide denatured gel is investigated. The method is intended for identification of biological material in a state of grave destruction. Methodology of such studies is proposed. The data indicate that the structural integrity and qualitative composition of the spectrum of main serum proteins are retained after combined exposure to damaging factors and complete destruction of blood cells.
Assuntos
Medicina Legal/métodos , Acidentes Aeronáuticos , Adulto , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análise , Líquidos Corporais/química , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida/métodos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peso Molecular , SibériaRESUMO
Morphologic signs of narcomania in subjects using primitively prepared narcotics from opium-containing raw material are described. Sites of injections and inflammatory reactions in the parenchymatous organs are described. Special attention is paid to productive hypersensitive inflammation, which can serve as a sign confirming narcomania in subjects using poorly purified narcotic mixture. The authors classify the granulomas in such patients as toxic allergic granulomatosis.
Assuntos
Drogas Ilícitas/efeitos adversos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Autopsia , Doença Crônica , Overdose de Drogas/patologia , Humanos , Abuso de Substâncias por Via Intravenosa/patologiaRESUMO
Morphological manifestations of narcomania in heroin users are described. Diseases associated with heroin narcomania and causes of death of heroin users are presented. Morphological manifestations at the site of injections and inflammatory reactions in parenchymatous organs are characterized. The authors pay special attention to the productive inflammation which can serve as one of the signs that confirm narcomania in cases with parenteral injections of crude heroin. The authors refer the granulomas to toxic allergic form of granulomatous hypersensitive inflammation.