A Short History of One Health in the United States.

Examination of the history of the One Health idea reveals historical periods of prominence as well as periods of displacement. We trace the waxing and waning of the One Health from 18th century United States through the origins of its current renaissance in the 1960s. European One Health advances are only addressed as background for early developments in the United States. The history of One Health is best appreciated and detailed by examination of the work of its most prominent U.S. based advocates including Benjamin Rush, Adoniram B. Judson, James Law, Daniel Elmer Salmon, K.F. Meyer, Richard E. Shope,James Harlan Steele, and Calvin W Schwabe. Examination of these different One Health-based approaches highlight their value and long-term continuity in solving difficult or intractable medical, veterinary, and public health problems that are optimally addressed with a multidisciplinary perspective.

Preventing and controlling zoonotic tuberculosis: a One Health approach.

The expression One Health refers to the unified human and veterinary approach to zoonoses, an approach that used to be identified with Medicine throughout the 20th Century. Zoonotic tuberculosis (TB), a disease due to bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, is a recognized global public veterinary health problem. The significance of the health and economic threats posed by zoonotic TB has been recognized by several global health agencies, which have called for control and eradication programs for zoonotic TB. The interplay between humans, livestock, wildlife, and ecology in the epidemiology of zoonotic TB make arduous the control of the disease, as such zoonotic TB is the ideal target for the application of the One Health approach. This article argues that a successful One Health response to TB will consider the effects of disease on socio-economic well-being, and allow for addressing the social, cultural and economic conditions that facilitate spread and maintenance of this disease. The One Health approach will also enable the development of disease control programs involving both animal and human populations, fostering the participation of various stakeholders. One Health approach will also allow for expanding scientific knowledge, improve medical education and clinical care, and develop effective disease control programs for both human and animal populations.

One health-one medicine: unifying human and animal medicine within an evolutionary paradigm.

One health is a concept since early civilization, which promoted the view that there was no major distinction between animal and human medicine. Although persisting through the 19th century, this common vision was then all but forgotten in the early 20th century. It is now experiencing a renaissance, coincident with an awakening of the role that evolutionary biology plays in human and animal health, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). A number of STIs in humans have comparable infections in animals; likewise, both humans and animals have STIs unique to each mammalian camp. These similarities and differences offer opportunities for basic medical and public health studies, including evolutionary insights that can be gleaned from ongoing interdisciplinary investigation--especially with the molecular analytical tools available--in what can become a golden age of mutually helpful discovery.

A personal history of veterinary public health in the Pan American Health Organization.

The introduction of disease into the New World changed both flora and fauna. The need for coordinated veterinary public health activities was highlighted when anthrax and encephalitis were reported in native populations. The Pan American Health Organization has been a proponent of public health and animal health since its inception. Neither discipline can be successful without the other.

Confronting zoonoses through closer collaboration between medicine and veterinary medicine (as 'one medicine').

In the 19th century, the concept of 'one medicine' was embraced by leaders in the medical and veterinary medical communities. In the 20th century, collaborative efforts between medicine and veterinary medicine diminished considerably. While there have been some notable exceptions, such as Calvin W. Schwabe's proposal for unifying human and veterinary medicine and joint efforts by the Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization to control zoonotic diseases, 'one medicine' has languished in the modern milieu of clinical care, public health, and biomedical research. Risks of zoonotic disease transmission are rarely discussed in clinical care which is of particular concern if humans and/or animals are immunosuppressed. Physicians and veterinarians should advise their patients and pet-owning clients that some animals should not be pets. The risk of zoonotic disease acquisition can be considerable in the occupational setting. Collaborative efforts in biomedical research could do much to improve human and animal health. As the threat of zoonotic diseases continues to increase in the 21st century, medicine and veterinary medicine must revive 'one medicine' in order to adequately address these challenges. 'One medicine' revival strategies must involve medical and veterinary medical education, clinical care, public health and biomedical research.

Veterinary survey in Mexico, Central America and Colombia: A Summary

Este estudio de las regiones adyacentes a la Carretera Panamericana en México, Centro América y Colombia, ha aportado muchos datos valiosos con respecto a las zoonosis más frecuentes y la situación de la medicina veterinaria en los países estudiados. El A. han hecho recomendaciones precisas para cada país que permitirán formular planes encaminados a la solución de los problemas aquí expuestos(AU)

Veterinary survey in Mexico, Central America and Colombia: A Summary

Este estudio de las regiones adyacentes a la Carretera Panamericana en México, Centro América y Colombia, ha aportado muchos datos valiosos con respecto a las zoonosis más frecuentes y la situación de la medicina veterinaria en los países estudiados. El A. han hecho recomendaciones precisas para cada país que permitirán formular planes encaminados a la solución de los problemas aquí expuestos(AU)

Enfermedades de los animales transmisibles al hombre : I. Algunas enfermedades de animales que tienen importancia para la salud del hombre

Nursing Outlook, marzo, 1956 (English)

The social and economic consequences of zoonoses: wasted resources

Meeting of the Advisory Committee on Medical Research, 8. Pan American Health Organization; 9-13 Jun. 1969