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1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 120(23): e2219419120, 2023 06 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37252972

RESUMO

Prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes change HIF activity according to oxygen signal; whether it is regulated by other physiological conditions remains largely unknown. Here, we report that PHD3 is induced by fasting and regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis through interaction and hydroxylation of CRTC2. Pro129 and Pro615 hydroxylation of CRTC2 following PHD3 activation is necessary for its association with cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and nuclear translocation, and enhanced binding to promoters of gluconeogenic genes by fasting or forskolin. CRTC2 hydroxylation-stimulated gluconeogenic gene expression is independent of SIK-mediated phosphorylation of CRTC2. Liver-specific knockout of PHD3 (PHD3 LKO) or prolyl hydroxylase-deficient knockin mice (PHD3 KI) show attenuated fasting gluconeogenic genes, glycemia, and hepatic capacity to produce glucose during fasting or fed with high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Importantly, Pro615 hydroxylation of CRTC2 by PHD3 is increased in livers of fasted mice, diet-induced insulin resistance or genetically obese ob/ob mice, and humans with diabetes. These findings increase our understanding of molecular mechanisms linking protein hydroxylation to gluconeogenesis and may offer therapeutic potential for treating excessive gluconeogenesis, hyperglycemia, and type 2 diabetes.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Glucose , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , Glucose/metabolismo , Prolina/metabolismo , Hidroxilação , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Proteína de Ligação ao Elemento de Resposta ao AMP Cíclico/genética , Proteína de Ligação ao Elemento de Resposta ao AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Gluconeogênese/fisiologia , Prolil Hidroxilases/metabolismo , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL
2.
Blood ; 141(23): 2824-2840, 2023 06 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36696631

RESUMO

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), especially angioimmunoblastic and follicular TCLs, have a dismal prognosis because of the lack of efficient therapies, and patients' symptoms are often dominated by an inflammatory phenotype, including fever, night sweats, weight loss, and skin rash. In this study, we investigated the role of inflammatory granulocytes and activated cytokine signaling on T-cell follicular helper-type PTCL (TFH-PTCL) disease progression and symptoms. We showed that ITK-SYK-driven murine PTCLs and primary human TFH-PTCL xenografts both induced inflammation in mice, including murine neutrophil expansion and massive cytokine release. Granulocyte/lymphoma interactions were mediated by positive autoregulatory cytokine loops involving interferon gamma (CD4+ malignant T cells) and interleukin 6 (IL-6; activated granulocytes), ultimately inducing broad JAK activation (JAK1/2/3 and TYK2) in both cell types. Inflammatory granulocyte depletion via antibodies (Ly6G), genetic granulocyte depletion (LyzM-Cre/MCL1flox/flox), or IL-6 deletion within microenvironmental cells blocked inflammatory symptoms, reduced lymphoma infiltration, and enhanced mouse survival. Furthermore, unselective JAK inhibitors (ruxolitinib) inhibited both TCL progression and granulocyte activation in various PTCL mouse models. Our results support the important role of granulocyte-driven inflammation, cytokine-induced granulocyte/CD4+ TCL interactions, and an intact JAK/STAT signaling pathway for TFH-PTCL development and also support broad JAK inhibition as an effective treatment strategy in early disease stages.


Assuntos
Linfoma de Células T Periférico , Linfoma de Células T , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/patologia , Interleucina-6 , Linfoma de Células T/patologia , Granulócitos/patologia , Inflamação
3.
Exp Cell Res ; : 114199, 2024 Aug 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39103070

RESUMO

Brain metastases account for more than 50% of intracranial central nervous system tumors. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is mainly composed of endothelial cells, which exhibit low endocytosis and high efflux pumps. Although they are connected by continuous tight junctions and serve as a protective insulation, the BBB does not prevent the development of brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Improving understanding on the mechanisms underlying the development of brain metastasis and the differential molecular characteristics relative to the primary tumor are therefore key in the treatment of brain metastases. This study evaluated the differential expression of miR-522-3p in NSCLC and brain metastases using the Gene Expression Omnibus database. NSCLC brain metastasis model was constructed to screen for cell lines that demonstrated high potential for brain metastasis; We also observed differential expression of miRNA-522-3p in the paraffin-embedded specimens of non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastases from our hospital. The molecular biological functions of miRNA-522-3p were verified using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) proliferation assay and Transwell invasion assays. RNA-seq was employed to identify downstream target proteins, and the dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed Tensin 1 (TNS1), a protein that links the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix, as the downstream regulatory target protein. In vitro blood-brain barrier models and co-culture models were constructed to further identify the role of miRNA-522-3p and TNS1; the expression of BBB-related proteins (ZO-1 and OLCN) was also identified. In vivo experiments were performed to verify the effects of miRNA-522-3p on the time and incidence of NSCLC brain metastasis. The results showed significantly high expression in GSE51666; consistent results were obtained in brain metastasis cells and paraffin samples. RNA-seq combined with miRNA target protein prediction demonstrated TNS1 to be directly downstream of miR-522-3p and to be associated with cell proliferation and invasion. By regulating ZO-1 and OCLN expression, mi-522-3p/TNS1 may increase tumor cell penetration through the BBB while decreasing its permeability. In vivo, miR-522-3p was further demonstrated to significantly promote the formation of brain metastases. miR-522-3p/TNS1 can affect BBB permeability and encourage the growth of brain metastases by modifying the BBB TJ proteins. This axis offers new therapeutic targets for the prevention of brain metastasis.

4.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 119(10): e2107357119, 2022 03 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35238644

RESUMO

The Food and Drug Administration­approved drug sirolimus, which inhibits mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), is the leading candidate for targeting aging in rodents and humans. We previously demonstrated that sirolimus could treat ARHL in mice. In this study, we further demonstrate that sirolimus protects mice against cocaine-induced hearing loss. However, using efficacy and safety tests, we discovered that mice developed substantial hearing loss when administered high doses of sirolimus. Using pharmacological and genetic interventions in murine models, we demonstrate that the inactivation of mTORC2 is the major driver underlying hearing loss. Mechanistically, mTORC2 exerts its effects primarily through phosphorylating in the AKT/PKB signaling pathway, and ablation of P53 activity greatly attenuated the severity of the hearing phenotype in mTORC2-deficient mice. We also found that the selective activation of mTORC2 could protect mice from acoustic trauma and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Thus, in this study, we discover a function of mTORC2 and suggest that its therapeutic activation could represent a potentially effective and promising strategy to prevent sensorineural hearing loss. More importantly, we elucidate the side effects of sirolimus and provide an evaluation criterion for the rational use of this drug in a clinical setting.


Assuntos
Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/metabolismo , Alvo Mecanístico do Complexo 2 de Rapamicina/metabolismo , Proteína Companheira de mTOR Insensível à Rapamicina/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/induzido quimicamente , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/genética , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/prevenção & controle , Alvo Mecanístico do Complexo 2 de Rapamicina/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Proteína Companheira de mTOR Insensível à Rapamicina/genética , Sirolimo/efeitos adversos , Sirolimo/farmacologia , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo
5.
J Transl Med ; 22(1): 157, 2024 02 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38365777

RESUMO

UBXD family (UBXDF), a group of proteins containing ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domains, play a crucial role in the imbalance of proliferation and apoptotic in cancer. In this study, we summarised bioinformatics proof on multi-omics databases and literature on UBXDF's effects on cancer. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) has the largest number of gene alterations in the UBXD family and has been linked to survival and cancer progression in many cancers. UBXDF may affect tumour microenvironment (TME) and drugtherapy and should be investigated in the future. We also summarised the experimental evidence of the mechanism of UBXDF in cancer, both in vitro and in vivo, as well as its application in clinical and targeted drugs. We compared bioinformatics and literature to provide a multi-omics insight into UBXDF in cancers, review proof and mechanism of UBXDF effects on cancers, and prospect future research directions in-depth. We hope that this paper will be helpful for direct cancer-related UBXDF studies.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Ubiquitina , Humanos , Ubiquitina/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias/terapia , Biologia Computacional , Microambiente Tumoral
6.
Hepatology ; 78(5): 1492-1505, 2023 11 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36680394

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: NASH has emerged as a leading cause of chronic liver disease. However, the mechanisms that govern NASH fibrosis remain largely unknown. CREBZF is a CREB/ATF bZIP transcription factor that causes hepatic steatosis and metabolic defects in obesity. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Here, we show that CREBZF is a key mechanism of liver fibrosis checkpoint that promotes hepatocyte injury and exacerbates diet-induced NASH in mice. CREBZF deficiency attenuated liver injury, fibrosis, and inflammation in diet-induced mouse models of NASH. CREBZF increases HSC activation and fibrosis in a hepatocyte-autonomous manner by stimulating an extracellular matrix protein osteopontin, a key regulator of fibrosis. The inhibition of miR-6964-3p mediates CREBZF-induced production and secretion of osteopontin in hepatocytes. Adeno-associated virus -mediated rescue of osteopontin restored HSC activation, liver fibrosis, and NASH progression in CREBZF-deficient mice. Importantly, expression levels of CREBZF are increased in livers of diet-induced NASH mouse models and humans with NASH. CONCLUSIONS: Osteopontin signaling by CREBZF represents a previously unrecognized intrahepatic mechanism that triggers liver fibrosis and contributes to the severity of NASH.


Assuntos
Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Osteopontina , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Fatores de Transcrição de Zíper de Leucina Básica/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fígado Gorduroso/genética , Fígado Gorduroso/metabolismo , Fibrose , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Hepatócitos/patologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/genética , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/metabolismo , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Osteopontina/genética , Osteopontina/metabolismo
7.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord ; 25(1): 397, 2024 May 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38773452

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical effects of reinserted or revised subaxial cervical vertebral screws. METHODS: The first part aimed to gauge the maximum insertional torque (MIT) of 30 subaxial cervical vertebrae outfitted with 4.0-mm titanium screws. A reinsertion group was created wherein a screw was wholly removed and replaced along the same trajectory to test its maximum pullout strength (MPOS). A control group was also implemented. The second part involved implanting 4.0-mm titanium screws into 20 subaxial cervical vertebrae, testing them to failure, and then reinserting 4.5-mm revision screws along the same path to determine and compare the MIT and MPOS between the test and revision groups. RESULTS: Part I findings: No significant difference was observed in the initial insertion's maximum insertion torque (MIT) and maximum pull-out strength (MPOS) between the control and reinsertion groups. However, the MIT of the reinsertion group was substantially decreased compared to the first insertion. Moderate to high correlations were observed between the MIT and MPOS in both groups, as well as between the MIT of the first and second screw in the reinsertion group. Part II, the MIT and MPOS of the screw in the test group showed a strong correlation, while a modest correlation was observed for the revision screw used in failed cervical vertebrae screw. Additionally, the MPOS of the screw in the test group was significantly higher than that of the revision screw group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that reinsertion of subaxial cervical vertebrae screws along the same trajectory is a viable option that does not significantly affect fixation stability. However, the use of 4.5-mm revision screws is inadequate for failed fixation cases with 4.0-mm cervical vertebral screws.


Assuntos
Parafusos Ósseos , Vértebras Cervicais , Torque , Vértebras Cervicais/cirurgia , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Masculino , Feminino , Reoperação , Fusão Vertebral/instrumentação , Fusão Vertebral/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Idoso , Titânio , Teste de Materiais
8.
Toxicol Mech Methods ; 33(1): 65-72, 2023 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35655407

RESUMO

As a traditional Chinese medicine, strychnos alkaloids have wide effects including antitumor, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory. However, the therapeutic window of strychnos alkaloids is quite narrow due to potential neurotoxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to explore some efficient biomarkers to identify and predict the neurotoxicity induced by strychnos alkaloids and find a therapy to prevent the neurotoxicity of strychnos alkaloids. Based on the previous studies of our research team, 21 endogenous substances related to neurotoxicity were monitored in rats' serum with HPLC-MS/MS and ELISA. Starting from these fundamentals, a Lasso-Logistic regression model was used to select efficient biomarkers from 21 endogenous substances to predict brain injury and verify the neuroprotective effect of peonies. Under the processing of the Lasso-Logistic regression model, 12 biomarkers were identified from 21 endogenous substances to predict the neurotoxicity induced by strychnos alkaloids. At the same time, the neuroprotective effect of peonies was further confirmed by evaluating the level of 12 biomarkers. The results indicated that the development of the Lasso-Logistic regression model would provide a new, simple and efficient method for the prediction and diagnosis of the neurotoxicity induced by strychnos alkaloids.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Strychnos , Ratos , Animais , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Modelos Logísticos , Biomarcadores
9.
Diabetes Metab Res Rev ; 38(8): e3570, 2022 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35938229

RESUMO

AIMS: The study aimed to develop a novel noninvasive model to detect advanced fibrosis based on routinely available clinical and laboratory tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 309 patients who underwent liver biopsy were randomly divided into the estimation group (n = 201) and validation group (n = 108). The model was developed using multiple regression analysis in the estimation group and further verified in the validation group. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: The model was named NAFLD Fibrosis Index (NFI): -10.844 + 0.046 × age - 0.01 × platelet count + 0.19 × 2h postprandial plasma glucose (PG) + 0.294 × conjugated bilirubin - 0.015 × ALT + 0.039 × AST + 0.109 × total iron binding capacity -0.033 × parathyroid hormone (PTH). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of NFI was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.79-0.93, p < 0.001) in the estimation group and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.69-0.91, p < 0.001) in the validation group, higher than NFS, FIB4, APRI, and BARD, and similar to FibroScan (NFI AUC = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.89, p = 0.001 vs. FibroScan AUC = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62-0.90, p = 0.002). By applying the low cut-off value (-2.756), advanced fibrosis could be excluded among 49.3% and 48% of patients in the estimation group (sensitivity: 93.1%, NPV: 97.9%, specificity: 55.2%, and PPV: 26.0%) and validation group (sensitivity: 81.3%, NPV: 94.2%, specificity: 53.3%, and PPV: 23.2%), respectively, allowing them to avoid liver biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: The study has established a novel model for advanced fibrosis, the diagnostic accuracy of which is superior to the current clinical scoring systems and is similar to FibroScan.


Assuntos
Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/complicações , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/diagnóstico , Aspartato Aminotransferases , Alanina Transaminase , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Curva ROC , Biópsia , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem
10.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; : 1-36, 2022 Sep 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36123805

RESUMO

The consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables is restricted by the susceptibility of fresh produce to deterioration caused by postharvest physiological and metabolic activities. Developing efficient preservation strategies is thus among the most important scientific issues to be urgently addressed in the field of food science. The incorporation of active agents into a polymer matrix to prepare biodegradable active packaging is being increasingly explored to mitigate the postharvest spoilage of fruits and vegetables during storage. This paper reviews the composition of biodegradable polymers and the methods used to prepare biodegradable active packaging. In addition, the interactions between bioactive ingredients and biodegradable polymers that can lead to plasticizing or cross-linking effects are summarized. Furthermore, the applications of biodegradable active (i.e., antibacterial, antioxidant, ethylene removing, barrier, and modified atmosphere) packaging in the preservation of fruits and vegetables are illustrated. These films may increase sensory acceptability, improve quality, and prolong the shelf life of postharvest products. Finally, the challenges and trends of biodegradable active packaging in the preservation of fruits and vegetables are discussed. This review aims to provide new ideas and insights for developing novel biodegradable active packaging materials and their practical application in the preservation of postharvest fruits and vegetables.

11.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord ; 23(1): 160, 2022 Feb 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35177064

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To retrospectively compare clinical and radiological results of long-segment fixation (LF) and six-screw short-segment fixation combined with kyphoplasty (SSFK) for osteoporotic thoracolumbar burst fracture (OTBF). METHODS: Forty patients affected by OTBF with mean age of 61.85 years were included in this study. The mean follow-up period was 13.63 months. Twenty-four patients were treated by SSFK, and 16 patients were treated by LF. Clinical outcomes, radiological parameters and complications were assessed and compared. RESULTS: The mean operative time and blood loss were 89.71 ± 7.62 min and 143.75 ± 42.51 ml for SSFK group, respectively; 111.69 ± 12.25 min (P < 0.01) and 259.38 ± 49.05 ml (P < 0.01) for LF group, respectively. The two groups were similar in terms of preoperative radiological and clinical results. Compared with preoperative values, both groups achieved significant improvement in terms of VAS, ODI, Cobb angle and anterior vertebral body height (AVH) ratio at final follow-up. However, during the follow-up period, significant loss of Cobb angle and AVH ratio were observed for both groups. Five cases (20.83%) of asymptomatic cement leakage were observed in SSFK group. One case of implant failure and two cases of adjacent or non-adjacent vertebral fractures were observed in LF group. CONCLUSIONS: Both SSFK and LF are safe and effective for treatment of OTBF. Comparatively, SSFK is less invasive and can preserve more motion segments, which may be a more valuable surgical option in some elderly patients. A high-quality randomized controlled study is required to confirm our finding in the future.


Assuntos
Cifoplastia , Fraturas por Osteoporose , Parafusos Pediculares , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral , Idoso , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Humanos , Cifoplastia/efeitos adversos , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Lombares/lesões , Vértebras Lombares/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fraturas por Osteoporose/complicações , Fraturas por Osteoporose/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas por Osteoporose/cirurgia , Parafusos Pediculares/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/etiologia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Vértebras Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Torácicas/lesões , Vértebras Torácicas/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento
12.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 548: 7-13, 2021 04 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33631677

RESUMO

Lipocalin family members, LCN8 and LCN9, are specifically expressed in the initial segment of mouse caput epididymis. However, the biological functions of the molecules in vivo are yet to be clarified. In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to generate Lcn8 and Lcn9 knockout mice, respectively. Lcn8-/- and Lcn9-/- male mice showed normal spermatogenesis and fertility. In the cauda epididymis of Lcn8-/- male mice, morphologically abnormal sperm was increased significantly, the proportion of progressive motility sperm was decreased, the proportion of immobilized sperm was elevated, and the sperm spontaneous acrosome reaction (AR) frequency was increased. Conversely, the knockout of Lcn9 did not have any effect on the ratio of morphologically abnormal sperm, sperm motility, and sperm spontaneous AR frequencies. These results demonstrated the role of LCN8 in maintaining the sperm quality in the epididymis, and suggested that the deficiency of LCN8 leads to epididymal sperm maturation defects.


Assuntos
Epididimo/patologia , Lipocalinas/metabolismo , Maturação do Esperma/fisiologia , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Fertilidade , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Espermatogênese , Espermatozoides
13.
Mol Biol Rep ; 48(8): 6015-6023, 2021 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34328598

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Sperm acquire the ability to fertilize ova through a complex process of epididymal maturation. To identify the functions of genes expressed in the proximal epididymis, mouse models specific to this region are needed. METHODS AND RESULTS: A Lcn8-Cre knock-in mouse line was generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. A 37 bp coding sequence of Lcn8 from the ATG start codon was replaced by an NLS-Cre-polyA cassette, resulting in Cre expression and the absence of Lcn8. Epididymal initial segment-specific Cre expression was identified using RT-PCR and western blotting, and the spatial-temporal Cre activity was further confirmed by using the Rosa26tdTomato reporter mice. Immunofluorescence staining showed that active Cre recombinase was present in the principal cells. Histological analyses of sperm and epididymides, and the four-month mating tests, were used to confirm that Cre expression did not affect normal development and male fecundity. CONCLUSIONS: The novel Lcn8-Cre mice can be used to establish epididymal initial segment-specific conditional knock-out mouse models.


Assuntos
Epididimo/metabolismo , Lipocalinas/genética , Espermatozoides/metabolismo , Animais , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos , Integrases , Lipocalinas/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Testículo/metabolismo
14.
Lipids Health Dis ; 20(1): 27, 2021 Mar 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33757528

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The performance of liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) obtained using FibroScan can be affected by several factors, and cut-off values are different for fibrosis caused by various aetiologies. The study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of LSM in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with abnormal glucose metabolism and investigate whether the LSM value would be affected by metabolic indicators. METHODS: The study involved 91 NAFLD patients with abnormal glucose metabolism who underwent liver biopsy. The diagnostic accuracy of LSM value was evaluated by the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves, with the biopsy results taken as the gold standard. Multivariate linear regression and subgroup analysis were performed to determine the correlated indicators. RESULTS: The areas under the ROC curves (AUROCs) of LSM values for detecting fibrosis stage ≥1, 2, 3 and 4 were 0.793 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.695-0.871), 0.764 (95% CI: 0.663-0.846), 0.837 (95% CI: 0.744-0.906) and 0.902 (95% CI: 0.822-0.955), with cut-off values of 6.3, 7.6, 8.3 and 13.8 kPa, respectively. Multivariate linear regression demonstrated that haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, ß = 0.205, P = 0.026) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT, ß = 0.192, P = 0.047) were independently associated with the LSM value after adjustment for fibrosis stage, ballooning and inflammation grade from liver biopsy. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that LSM values were slightly higher in patients with HbA1c ≥7% than in those with HbA1c < 7% and in patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 than in those with BMI < 30 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: FibroScan was valuable for the evaluation of liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients with abnormal glucose metabolism. FibroScan is recommended to evaluate severe fibrosis, especially to exclude advanced fibrosis. Glucose metabolism state may affect LSM values.


Assuntos
Glucose/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/metabolismo , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Fígado/patologia , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Cirrose Hepática/diagnóstico , Cirrose Hepática/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/complicações , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
15.
J Sci Food Agric ; 101(3): 1150-1160, 2021 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32789860

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: With an increasing demand for edible protein, research on new extraction methods is attracting more attention. The effects of such methods on functional properties are important. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction on the extraction efficiency, structure, and the emulsifying properties of peanut protein isolate (PPI). RESULTS: Ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly improved extraction efficiency and shortened the processing time. The nanostructure, molecular weight distribution, and particle size of PPI were altered by ultrasound-assisted extraction. The emulsifying properties of the PPI from ultrasound-assisted extraction were significantly improved compared with alkaline extraction. Peanut protein isolate had lower molecular weight fractions, higher levels of hydrophobic amino acids, and the highest fluorescence intensity with ultrasound intensity, temperature, and time of 3.17 W cm-3 , 35 °C, and 30 min, respectively. These contributed to the higher emulsifying activity index and emulsifying stability index of the PPI emulsions. The uniform distribution of droplets and smaller particle size of the PPI emulsions was also observed. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that ultrasound can be used to induce the conformational changes to modify the interfacial association between protein-oil phases, thereby improving the emulsifying properties of peanut protein. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.


Assuntos
Arachis/química , Emulsificantes/química , Emulsificantes/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Proteínas de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Ultrassom/métodos , Emulsões/química , Emulsões/isolamento & purificação , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Peso Molecular , Tamanho da Partícula , Solubilidade , Ultrassom/instrumentação
16.
BMC Plant Biol ; 20(1): 565, 2020 Dec 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33317475

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Environmental lodging stress, which is a result of numerous factors, is characterized by uncertainty. However, several studies related to lodging in cereal crops have reported that lodging in the Hippeastrum rutilum environment is very rare. Hippeastrum rutilum is a garden flower with high ornamental value and abundant germplasm resources. Under past cultivation practices, it was found that the plant types of 'Red Lion', with red flowers, and 'Apple Blossom', with pink flowers, are quite different. The leaves of 'Red Lion' are upright, while the leaves of 'Apple Blossom' show lodging, which seriously affects its ornamental value. The aims of this study were to compare the differences between the two varieties with leaf lodging and upright leaves according to morphological and physiological attributes. In this study, karyotype analysis and phenotypic morphological and physiological characteristics were compared to explore the differences between the two plant types. RESULTS: The karyotype analysis of the two cultivars showed that their chromosome types were both tetraploid plants. The results showed that the lignin content in the leaves of 'Red Lion' was high, the cross-sectional structure of the leaf vascular bundle was more stable, and the chlorophyll content was high. In addition, significantly less energy was transferred to the electron transport chain (ETR) during the photoreaction. Similarly, the results regarding the maximum photosynthetic rate (Fv/Fm), nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) and effective quantum yield of photosystem II photochemistry (△F/Fm') all indicated that the photosynthetic capacity of "Red Lion" was greater than that of "Apple Blossom", which was affected by leaf lodging. The size of the leaves was significantly smaller, and the leaf sag angle, leaf width, and leaf tip angle presented significantly lower values in 'Red Lion' than in 'Apple Blossom', which exhibits leaf sag. The difference in these factors may be the reason for the different phenotypes of the two cultivars. CONCLUSION: The results of this study proved that lodging affects the photosynthetic capacity of Hippeastrum rutilum and revealed some indexes that might be related to leaf lodging, laying a theoretical foundation for cultivating and improving new varieties.


Assuntos
Amaryllidaceae/anatomia & histologia , Amaryllidaceae/fisiologia , Amaryllidaceae/genética , Melhoramento Vegetal , Folhas de Planta/anatomia & histologia , Folhas de Planta/fisiologia
17.
Cell Commun Signal ; 18(1): 112, 2020 07 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32665011

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Many cancers evade immune surveillance by overexpressing PD-L1. PD-L1 interacted with its receptor PD-1, resulting in reduction of T cell proliferation and activation and thereafter cancer cell death mediated by T-lymphocyte. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate PD-L1 was of vital importance for immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT). METHODS: Human non-small cell lung cancer cells and 293FT cells were used to investigate the function of USP22 upon PD-L1 and CSN5 by WB, Immunoprecipitation, Immunofluorescence and Flow cytometry analysis. B16-F10 cells were used to explore the role of USP22 on tumorigenesis and T cell cytotoxicity. The relationship between USP22 and PD-L1 expression was investigated by Immunohistochemistry analysis in human non-small cell lung cancer samples. RESULTS: Our data showed that USP22 interacted with PD-L1 and promoted its stability. USP22 deubiquitinated PD-L1 and inhibited its proteasome degradation. Moreover, USP22 also interacted with CSN5 and stabilized CSN5 through deubiquitination. Either USP22 or CSN5 could facilitate the interaction of PD-L1 with the other one. Furthermore, USP22 removed K6, K11, K27, K29, K33 and K63-linked ubiquitin chain of both CSN5 and PD-L1. In addition, USP22 depletion inhibited tumorigenesis and promoted T cell cytotoxicity. Besides, USP22 expression positively correlated with PD-L1 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer samples. CONCLUSIONS: Here, we suggested that USP22 is a new regulator for PD-L1. On the one hand, USP22 could directly regulate PD-L1 stability through deubiquitination. On the other hand, USP22 regulated PD-L1 protein level through USP22-CSN5-PD-L1 axis. In addition, USP22 depletion inhibited tumorigenesis and promoted T cell cytotoxicity. Besides, USP22 expression positively correlated with PD-L1 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer samples. Together, we identified a new regulator of PD-L1 and characterized the important role of USP22 in PD-L1 mediated immune evasion. Targeting USP22 might be a new solution to ICBT. Video abstract.


Assuntos
Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Proteólise , Ubiquitina Tiolesterase/metabolismo , Animais , Complexo do Signalossomo COP9/metabolismo , Carcinogênese/metabolismo , Carcinogênese/patologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Citotoxicidade Imunológica , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Camundongos , Peptídeo Hidrolases/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Estabilidade Proteica , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Ubiquitinação
18.
Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) ; 68(1): 64-69, 2020 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31708557

RESUMO

Invasive fungal disease constitutes a growing health problem and development of novel antifungal drugs with high potency and selectivity are in an urgent need. In this study, a novel series of triazole derivatives containing different ester skeleton were designed and synthesized. Microdilution broth method was used to investigate antifungal activity. Significant inhibitory activity of compounds 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5m and 5n was evaluated against the Candida albicans (I), Candida albicans clinical isolate (II), Candida glabrata clinical isolate (I), and Candida glabrata (II) with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC80) values ranging from 2 to 16 µg/mL. Notably, compounds 5e and 5n showed the best inhibition against Candida albicans (II), Candida glabrata (I), and Candida glabrata (II) at the concentrations of 2 and 8 µg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking study revealed that the target compounds interacted with CYP51 mainly through hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions. The results indicated that these novel triazole derivatives could serve as promising leads for development of antifungal agents.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/síntese química , Desenho de Fármacos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Triazóis/química , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Sítios de Ligação , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Domínio Catalítico , Ésteres/química , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Eletricidade Estática , Esterol 14-Desmetilase/química , Esterol 14-Desmetilase/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Triazóis/síntese química , Triazóis/farmacologia
19.
Exp Cell Res ; 370(2): 579-590, 2018 09 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30026030

RESUMO

The stimulatory heterotrimeric Gs protein alpha subunit (Gsα) is a ubiquitous guanine nucleotide-binding protein that regulates the intracellular cAMP signaling pathway and consequently participates in a wide range of biological events. In the reproductive system, despite Gsα being associated with oocyte meiotic arrest in vitro, the exact role of Gsα in female fertility in vivo remains largely unknown. Here, we generated oocyte-specific Gsα knockout mice by using the Cre/LoxP system. We observed that the deletion of Gsα caused complete female infertility. Exclusion of post-implantation abnormalities, oogenesis, fertilization, and early embryo development was subsequently monitored; meiosis in Gsα-deficient oocytes precociously resumed in only 43% of antral follicles from mutant mice, indicating that alteration of meiotic pause was not the key factor in infertility. Ovulation process and number were normal, but the rate of morphological abnormal oocytes was apparently increased; spindle organization, fertilization, and early embryo development were impaired. Furthermore, the level of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and the mitochondrial aggregation increased, and antioxidant glutathione (GSH) content, ATP level, mtDNA copy number, and mitochondrial membrane potential decreased in Gsα-deficient oocytes. GV oocytes from mutant mice showed early-stage apoptosis. Meanwhile, the Gsα knockout-induced decline in oocyte quality and low developmental potential was partially rescued by antioxidant supplementation. To sum up, our results are the first to reveal that the profile of Gsα oocyte-specific deletion caused female infertility in vivo, and oxidative stress plays an important role in this event.


Assuntos
Subunidades alfa Gs de Proteínas de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Oócitos/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Animais , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Apoptose/fisiologia , Desenvolvimento Embrionário/fisiologia , Meiose/fisiologia , Camundongos Transgênicos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo
20.
Lipids Health Dis ; 18(1): 197, 2019 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31729980

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Excessive intrahepatic lipid accumulation is the major characteristic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We sought to identify the mechanisms involved in hepatic triglyceride (TG) homeostasis. Forkhead box class O (FoxO) transcription factors have been shown to play an important role in hepatic metabolism. However, little is known about the effect of FoxO3 on hepatic TG metabolism. METHODS: Liver biopsy samples from patients with NALFD and liver tissues from high glucose and high sucrose (HFHS) fed mice, ob/ob mice and db/db mice were collected for protein and mRNA analysis. HepG2 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA to mediate FoxO3 knockdown, or adenovirus and plasmid to mediate FoxO3 overexpression. FoxO3-cDNA was delivered by adenovirus to the liver of C57BL/6 J male mice on a chow diet or on a high-fat diet, followed by determination of hepatic lipid metabolism. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) luciferase reporter gene plasmid was co-transfected into HepG2 cells with FoxO3 overexpression plasmid. RESULTS: FoxO3 expression was increased in the livers of HFHS mice, ob/ob mice, db/db mice and patients with NAFLD. Knockdown of FoxO3 reduced whereas overexpression of FoxO3 increased cellular TG concentrations in HepG2 cells. FoxO3 gain-of-function caused hepatic TG deposition in C57BL/6 J mice on a chow diet and aggravated hepatic steatosis when fed a high-fat diet. Analysis of the transcripts established the increased expression of genes related to TG synthesis, including SREBP1c, SCD1, FAS, ACC1, GPAM and DGAT2 in mouse liver. Mechanistically, overexpression of FoxO3 stimulated the expression of SREBP1c, whereas knockdown of FoxO3 inhibited the expression of SREBP1c. Luciferase reporter assays showed that SREBP1c regulated the transcriptional activity of the SREBP1c promoter. CONCLUSIONS: FoxO3 promotes the transcriptional activity of the SREBP1c promoter, thus leading to increased TG synthesis and hepatic TG accumulation.


Assuntos
Proteína Forkhead Box O3/fisiologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Proteína de Ligação a Elemento Regulador de Esterol 1/metabolismo , Triglicerídeos/metabolismo , Animais , Western Blotting , Fígado Gorduroso/metabolismo , Proteína Forkhead Box O3/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Células HEK293 , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Regulação para Cima
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