Corrigendum: Utilising online eye-tracking to discern the impacts of cultural backgrounds on fake and real news decision-making.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.999780.].

Impact and Sustainability of a Palliative Care Education Module in Patients With Heart Failure.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 6.7 million American adults are living with heart failure (HF). Current therapies are geared toward preventing progression and managing symptoms, as there is no cure. Multiple studies have shown the benefit of including palliative care (PC) in patients with HF to improve symptoms and quality of life. Heart failure guidelines recommend the inclusion of PC in therapy, but referrals are often delayed. A previous pilot project demonstrated increased involvement of PC when targeted education was given to patients with HF. OBJECTIVE: Educate patients with HF on PC and examine the impact on PC consults, readmission, mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) transfers and evaluate sustainability of the intervention. METHODS: Patients (n = 124) admitted to an academic hospital with a diagnosis of HF were asked to view an educational module on PC. Patients who completed the module were placed in the intervention group (n = 39). Patients who declined were placed in the usual care group (n = 38). The number of PC consults, re-admissions, mortality, and transfers to the ICU were compared among participants and those who declined. Results were compared to previous pilot project. RESULTS: Eleven patients in the intervention group (IG) requested a PC consult vs one in the usual care group (UCG) (P = .006). There was no statistically significant difference in readmissions, mortality, or ICU transfers between groups. CONCLUSIONS: This sustainable project again demonstrated education on PC increases utilization of PC but does not statistically impact mortality, re-admissions, or transfers to higher levels of care.

Utilising online eye-tracking to discern the impacts of cultural backgrounds on fake and real news decision-making.

Introduction: Online eye-tracking has been used in this study to assess the impacts of different cultural backgrounds on information discernment. An online platform called RealEye allowed participants to engage in the eye-tracking study from their personal computer webcams, allowing for higher ecological validity and a closer replication of social media interaction. Methods: The study consisted of two parts with a total of five visuals of social media posts mimicking news posts on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. Participants were asked to view examples of real and fake news taken from a news fact-checking website, Snopes, and their eye movements were recorded during the process. Participants were recruited through Prolific and SONA; the total sample size for study 1.1 was 29 participants, and the total for study 1.2 was 25 participants, after removing poor eye-tracking data. A total of five visual images comprising true and false news were shown to the participant, study 1.1 had three examples and study 1.2 had two examples. There were two main cultural backgrounds in focus: participants born in China or the United Kingdom. Results: Results suggested that participants follow a similar visual pattern of attention to Areas of Interest (AOIs) on the posts, which leads us to believe that due to the global standardisation of popular social media platforms, a bias might have occurred during information discernment. Discussion: It is suggested that regardless of country background, users may have similar eye-tracking results while viewing a social media post because social media platform formats are standardised globally. Further research would recommend looking at language and linguistic traits when seeking differences between country backgrounds during online information discernment.

Impact of a Palliative Care Education Module in Patients With Heart Failure.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) impacts 6.2 million American adults. With no cure, therapies aim to prevent progression and manage symptoms. Inclusion of palliative care (PC) helps improve symptoms and quality of life. Heart failure guidelines recommend the inclusion of PC in HF therapy, but referrals are often delayed. OBJECTIVE: Introduce PC to patients with HF and examine the impact on PC consults, readmission, mortality, and intensive care unit (ICU) transfers. METHODS: Patients (n = 60) admitted with HF to an academic hospital were asked to view a PC educational module. A number of PC consults, re-admissions, mortality, and transfers to the ICU were compared among participants and those who declined. RESULTS: Nine patients in the intervention group (n = 30) requested a PC consult (P = .042) versus 2 in the usual care group (n = 30; P = .302). There was no statistically significant difference in readmissions, mortality, or ICU transfers between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Palliative care education increases the likelihood of PC utilization but in this short-term project was not found to statistically impact mortality, re-admissions, or transfers to higher levels of care.

The impact of ulnar nerve compression at the elbow on the hand function of heavy manual workers.

The objectives of this article were to study the impact of the hand function disability due to ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) on workers engaged in occupations requiring heavy hand use. Four patients (42.5 +/- 7 years old), all engaged in heavy-duty jobs, with severe conduction block but without severe axonal loss were recruited. The severity of ulnar nerve compression was quantified based on electrophysiologic studies, Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, Jamar dynamometer, and Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments Test. UNE resulted in a reduction in hand strength without any significant impact on fine motor dexterity. The 4 laborers whose work required strong hand grip found this debilitating. Severe UNE affects the hand function of heavy manual workers by impeding their grip and pinch strengths. However, UNE does not affect tasks requiring fine hand dexterity.

Compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow by an intraneural ganglion.

A rare cause of ulnar nerve compression at the elbow is presented in this report. A 42 year old right-handed mechanic developed subacute, progressive numbness, tingling and weakness in his right hand. Electrophysiologic studies demonstrated a severe conduction block affecting the ulnar nerve in the retrotrochlear groove but without any sign of major axonal loss. His hand functions were carefully studied prior to surgery. While fine motor tasks were not affected, the hand strength was markedly diminished. At surgery, a 1-cm diameter intraneural ganglion at the site of the conduction block was found and excised. The patient made a dramatic recovery within 6 weeks post-surgery. The conduction block completely resolved and the hand functions also returned to normal. This and other reported cases point to the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.