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Background: The prevalence of anxiety and depression in young students is associated with biosocial factors and scholastic stress. However, few studies have evaluated emotional-affective symptoms that are related to the immune system and antioxidant parameters in young individuals without diagnoses of affective disorders. Aim: This study aims to assess the relationship between emotional-affective symptoms and glutathione concentrations and CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte counts in college students. Methods: College students (n = 177) completed standardized psychometric instruments, including the Perceived Stress Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Familiar Social and Friends Support Scale, and Rosenberg Scale. Blood samples were biochemically analyzed. Analyses of variance were conducted between four groups according to symptom severity. Results: A considerable prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms was observed and negatively correlated with self-esteem and socio-familiar support. Perceived stress was sexually dimorphic. Although biochemical parameters were within reference ranges, glutathione, CD4, and CD8 tended to be lower in participants with anxiety and depression symptoms, which may be of predictive value. Conclusion: The relationship between antioxidant/immune parameters and socio-affective scores is latent in undiagnosed college students who might develop affective disorders. The findings suggest that during the initial development of affective disorders, stress management strategies should be implemented to help college students cope with the academic load and monitor negative changes in their physiological state.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira sp. in Ixhuatlancillo residents and their canine pets. METHODS: We detected the presence of anti-leptospira antibodies in a population of 29 dogs and 36 canine owners, the study consisted in two phases: 1) Management, invitation and application of surveys; 2) sampling to canines and positive canine owners. The samples were analyzed on the Veracruz State Laboratory, employing the microagglutination technique (MAT). Statistical analysis was performed using a 2 x 2 contingency table in order to know the relationship between two variables to test the possible independence of the two variables using the chi-square test. RESULTS: Prevalence of anti-leptospira antibodies in dogs was 66 %, predominantly tarassovi serovar (47 %); and the owners analyzed prevalence was 61 %, which also tarassovi serovar was most prevalent (78 %). CONCLUSIONS: Anti-leptospira antibodies were found in dogs (66 %) and its owners; the tarassovi serovar was the most prevalent, so that living with pets is a potent risk factor for infection by this bacterium.
Introducción: el objetivo de este artículo es determinar la seroprevalencia de Leptospira sp. en residentes del municipio de Ixhuatlancillo y sus mascotas del género canino. Métodos: se detectó la presencia de anticuerpos antileptospira en una población de 29 caninos y 36 dueños de los caninos, el estudio consistió en dos fases: a) gestión e invitación y aplicación de encuesta, y b) toma de muestra a caninos y a dueños de caninos positivos. Las muestras se analizaron en el Laboratorio Estatal de Veracruz, empleando la técnica de microaglutinación. El análisis estadístico se realizó empleando una tabla de contingencia de 2 x 2 para conocer la relación entre variables, para probar la posible independencia de las dos variables empleando la prueba de chi cuadrada. Resultados: la prevalencia de anticuerpos antileptospira encontrada en caninos fue del 66 %, predominando la serovariedad tarassovi (47 %); la prevalencia hallada en los dueños analizados fue del 61 %, donde también la serovariedad tarassovi fue la de mayor prevalencia (78 %). Conclusiones: se hallaron anticuerpos antileptospira en caninos (66 %) y sus dueños, la serovariedad tarassovi fue la de mayor prevalencia, por lo que la convivencia con mascotas es un factor de riesgo potente para infectarse por esta bacteria.