[Acute transfusion-related lung injury]. / Akutno ostecenje pluca izazvano transfuzijom (transfusion related acute lung injury--TRALI).

Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) is the most serious, potentially lethal, transfusion reaction caused by anti leukocyte antibodies carried passively into recipient's circulation by transfused haemoproduct. It is manifested most frequently within first four hours after transfusion of allogenous haemoproduct containing anti leukocyte antibodies. It is characterized with symptoms and signs of acute respiratory distress syndrome. This rare, but severe transfusion reaction with mortality rate of around 10% is often misdiagnosed, since TRALI signs are assigned to other clinical conditions. Thus, an education for timely recognition and urgent care of TRALI should be initiated.

[Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction]. / Akutna transfuziona hemolizna reakcija.

Alloogenous blood and/or corresponding haemoproduct transfusion is an efficient and relatively safe supportive treatment. Despite the fact that pre transfusion investigation of both patients and donors ensure high degree of safety of this type of treatment, occurrence of adverse haemotherapy effects is possible and often unpredictable. Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction occur as a consequence of immune conflict between red blood cell membrane agents and specific antibodies present in plasma. Since it is impossible to completely avoid the occurrence of transfusion reactions, wherein acute transfusion haemolytic reaction present a serious, possibly life threatening complication, it is an imperative to continue to improve the knowledge on pathogenesis mechanisms leading to complications associated with these reaction and to define the most efficient therapeutical modalities.