RESUMO
The current paper describes Spanish acquisition of rhotic onset clusters. Data are also provided on related singleton taps/trills and /l/ as a singleton and in clusters. Participants included 9 typically developing (TD) toddlers and 30 TD preschoolers in Chile, and 30 TD preschoolers and 29 with protracted phonological development (PPD) in Granada, Spain. Results showed age and developmental group effects. Preservation of cluster timing units preceded segmental accuracy, especially in stressed syllables. Tap clusters versus singleton trills were variable in order of mastery, some children mastering clusters first, and others, the trill. Rhotics were acquired later than /l/. In early development, mismatches (errors) involved primarily deletion of taps; where substitutions occurred, [j] frequently replaced tap. In later development, [l] more frequently replaced tap; where taps did occur, vowel epenthesis sometimes occurred. The data serve as a criterion reference database for onset cluster acquisition in Chilean and Granada Spanish.
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento da Linguagem , Idioma , Fonética , Medida da Produção da Fala , Pré-Escolar , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Lactente , Espanha , Fonoterapia/métodosRESUMO
OBJETIVO: conocer cómo los niños adquieren el sistema fonológico-fonético de su lengua materna y describir la cronología de secuencia de adquisición del repertorio fonético-fonológico en la muestra. MÉTODOS: la muestra está compuesta por 72 sujetos dividida en seis grupos etáreos de seis meses cada uno. Se le aplicó el "Cuestionario para la Evaluación de la Fonología Infantil" (CEFI) que evaluó la articulación de las consonantes en sus todas sus posiciones mediante una tarea de nombrado. Los resultados de cada grupo etáreo fueron comparados en cada segmento para observar la secuencia de adquisición de los sonidos según la edad de los informantes. RESULTADOS: se observó que el rendimiento general de las consonantes evidenció un aumento en el porcentaje de emisión normal en relación al avance en la edad de los sujetos. Los fonemas /f/ - /s/ - /x/ y el grupo de líquidas /l/-/lh/ - /r/ fueron los segmentos que presentaron mayor dificultad articulatoria. Las nasales /m/ - /n/ - /nh/ y las sordas no continuas /p/ - /t/ - /tch/-/k/ fueron los segmentos con mayor porcentaje de articulación normal. CONCLUSIONES: a los 3 años los sujetos tienen sobre un 80 por ciento de articulación normal en las consonantes.Las mayores dificultades de adquisición se manifestaron en las consonantes fricativas /s/ y /x/ y, sobre todo, en la consonante /r/. A la inversa, las consonantes que menos dificultades de adquisición presentaron fueron las nasales y las oclusivas.
PURPOSE: to become familiar with the way children acquire the phonetic-phonological system in their maternal language and to describe the chronology of the acquisition sequence related to the phonetic-phonological repertoire in the sample. METHODS: the sample was composed of 72 individuals divided into six age groups of six months each. The "Questionnaire for Evaluating Child Phonology" (QECP) was applied in order to evaluate articulation of vowels in every position by means of a naming task. The results for each age group were compared in every segment in order to observe the acquisition sequence of sounds in every subject. RESULTS: It was observed that the general performance of vowels showed an increase in the percentage of normal rendering in relation to the increase in age of the subjects. The phonemes /f/ - /s/ - /x/ and the group of liquids /l/-/lh/ - /r/ were the segments that showed the highest articulatory difficulty. Nasals /m/ - /n/ - /nh/ and voiceless non continuous /p/ - /t/ - /tch/-/k/ were the segments that had the highest percentage of normal articulation. CONCLUSIONS: at the age of 3, the subjects have over 80 percent of normal consonant articulation. The biggest acquisition difficulties were shown by fricative consonants /s/ and /x/, and, particularly, the consonant /r/. On the contrary, the consonants showing the lowest acquisition difficulty were the nasal and occlusive consonants.
Assuntos
Linguagem Infantil , Idioma , Estudos de Linguagem , Desenvolvimento da Linguagem , Testes de Linguagem , Fonética , FonoterapiaRESUMO
En nuestro país existen escasas pruebas de articulación adecuadas para evaluar el rendimiento fonológico de los niños chilenos. Considerando lo anterior, en el siguiente estudio se evalúa el rendimiento fonológico infantil a través del "Cuestionario para la Evaluación Fonológica Infantil" (CEFI) de origen mexicano. La presente investigación pretende verificar la aplicabilidad de esta prueba en hablantes del dialecto español de la ciudad de Concepción, contrastando la variable sociocultural.
In our country, adequate tests to evaluate the phonological performance of Chilean chidren are in short supply. Considering the statement above, the following study evaluates the preschooler phonological performance thought the "Questionnaire for the Infant Phonological Evaluation" originally from Mexico. This present research inteds to identify the viability of this test in speakers of Concepcion dialect Spanish throught an experimental approach; to fullfill this goal, the sociocultural variable will be contrasted.