Influence of Annealing Process on Soft Magnetic Properties of Fe-B-C-Si-P Amorphous Alloys.

It is well known that the annealing process plays a key role in tuning the properties of Fe-based amorphous soft magnetic alloys. However, the optimal annealing process for a particular amorphous alloy is often difficult to determine. Here, Fe81.4B13.2C2.8Si1.8P0.8 and Fe82.2B12.4C2.8Si1.8P0.8 amorphous alloys (denoted as Fe81.4 and Fe82.2) were prepared to systematically study the effects of the annealing temperature and time on the soft magnetic properties. The results show that the optimum annealing temperature ranges of the Fe81.4 and Fe82.2 amorphous alloys were 623 K to 653 K and 593 K to 623 K, and their coercivity (Hc) values were only 2.0-2.5 A/m and 1.3-2.7 A/m, respectively. Furthermore, a characteristic temperature Tai was obtained to guide the choosing of the annealing temperature at which the dBs/dT begins to decrease rapidly. Based on the theory of spontaneous magnetization, the relationship between Tai and the optimum annealing temperature ranges was analyzed. When the annealing temperature was higher than Tai, the effect of the internal magnetic field generated by spontaneous magnetization on the relaxation behavior was significantly reduced, and the alloys exhibited excellent soft magnetic properties. It is worth indicating that when annealed at 603 K (slightly higher than Tai), the Fe82.2 amorphous alloys exhibited excellent and stable soft magnetic properties even if annealed for a long time. The Hc of Fe82.2B12.4C2.8Si1.8P0.8 amorphous alloys was only 1.9 A/m when annealed at 603 K for 330 min. This value of Tai is expected to provide a suggestion for the proper annealing temperature of other amorphous soft magnetic alloys.

High-entropy induced a glass-to-glass transition in a metallic glass.

Glass-to-glass transitions are useful for us to understand the glass nature, but it remains difficult to tune the metallic glass into significantly different glass states. Here, we have demonstrated that the high-entropy can enhance the degree of disorder in an equiatomic high-entropy metallic glass NbNiZrTiCo and elevate it to a high-energy glass state. An unusual glass-to-glass phase transition is discovered during heating with an enormous heat release even larger than that of the following crystallization at higher temperatures. Dramatic atomic rearrangement with a short- and medium-range ordering is revealed by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analyses. This glass-to-glass transition leads to a significant improvement in the modulus, hardness, and thermal stability, all of which could promote their applications. Based on the proposed high-entropy effect, two high-entropy metallic glasses are developed and they show similar glass-to-glass transitions. These findings uncover a high-entropy effect in metallic glasses and create a pathway for tuning the glass states and properties.