DNA electrochemical sensor for detection of PRSS1 point mutation based on restriction endonuclease technique.

To construct a restriction endonuclease based biosensor technology for PRSS1 genotyping. We designed a thiol-modified hairpin probe where the neck has EcoRI endonuclease recognition sites according to the PRSS1 gene c.410 C>T (p.T137 M) mutation and it was fixed on the gold electrode. Different charge generated by the binding of MB to phosphate groups of DNA before and after hybridization was used for distinguishing the different genotypes and quantity. This showed that the novel sensor can better distinguish the complementary sequence, single-base mismatches, and completely noncomplementary sequences, and the linear range for the logarithm was Y=-0.0242 X+0.1574, R=0.9912(Y=current, X=log target DNA concentration); the detection limit for DNA detection is estimated to be 50 fM.

A comprehensive system review of pharmacological effects and relative mechanisms of Ginsenoside Re: Recent advances and future perspectives.

BACKGROUND: Ginsenoside Re (Re) belongs to protopanaxatriol saponins and exists in Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, Panax notoginseng, and other plants in the Araliaceae family. Re has recently become a research focus owing to its pharmacological activities and benefits to human bodies. PURPOSE: To summarize recent findings regarding the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Re and highlight and predict the potential therapeutic effects and systematic mechanism of Re. METHODS: Recent studies (2011-2021) on the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Re were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase up to December 2021 using relevant keywords. Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis were used to predict the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Re against potential diseases. RESULTS: Re presented a wide range of therapeutic and biological activities, including neuroprotective, cardiovascular, antidepressant, antitumorigenic, and others effects. The related pharmacological mechanisms of Re include the regulation of cholinergic and antioxidant systems in the brain; the induction of tumor cell apoptosis; the inhibition of tau protein hyperphosphorylation and oxidative stress; the activation of p38MAPK, ERK1/2, and JNK signals; the improvement of lipid metabolism; and the reduction of endothelial cell dysfunction. CONCLUSION: This paper summarizes comprehensively the current research progress of Re and provides new research insights into the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Re against potential diseases.