Ionic Liquids Modulating Local Microenvironment of Ni-Fe Binary Single Atom Catalyst for Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Reduction.

The Ni and Fe dual-atom catalysts still undergo strikingly attenuation under high current density and high overpotential. To ameliorate the issue, the ionic liquids with different cations or anions are used in this work to regulate the micro-surface of nitrogen-doped carbon supported Ni and Fe dual-atom sites catalyst (NiFe-N-C) by an impregnation method. The experimental data reveals the dual function of ionic liquids, which enhances CO2 adsorption ability and modulates electronic structure, facilitating CO2 anion radical (CO2 •¯) stabilization and decreasing onset potential. The theoretical calculation results prove that the attachment of ionic liquids modulates electronic structure, reduces energy barrier of CO2 •¯ formation, and enhances overall ECR performance. Based on these merits, BMImPF6 modified NiFe-N-C (NiFe-N-C/BMImPF6) achieves the high CO faradaic efficiency of 91.9% with a CO partial current density of -120 mA cm-2 at -1.0 V. When the NiFe-N-C/BMImPF6 is assembled as cathode of Zn-CO2 battery, it delivers the highest power density of 2.61 mW cm-2 at 2.57 mA cm-2 and superior cycling stability. This work will afford a direction to modify the microenvironment of other dual-atom catalysts for high-performance CO2 electroreduction.

Rapidly Prepared Lithophilic Frameworks Stabilizes Lithium Anodes via Altered Lithium Deposition Patterns.

Lithium metal batteries are regarded as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems. However, their anodes are susceptible to interfacial instability due to significant volume changes, which significantly impacts the cycle life of lithium metal batteries. Here, a rapid method for the fabrication of 3D-hosts with interface modified layers is reported. A simple infiltration and heating process enables the transformation of copper foam into Zn-BDC-modified copper foam within 1 min, rendering it suitable for use as a current collector for lithium metal anodes. The Zn-BDC nanosheets with high lithiophilicity are uniformly distributed on the surface of the current collector, facilitating the uniform deposition of lithium and reducing the volume change. Consequently, the half cell exhibits a remarkably low overpotential (26 mV) at a current-density of 4 mA cm-2 and is cycled stably for 1000 h. Furthermore, it demonstrates a significant enhancement in performance in the LiFePO4 full cell. This study provides a crucial reference on the connection between the interfacial modification of the current collector and the lithium deposition behavior, which promotes the practicalization of lithium metal anodes.

Outcomes of physical exercises on initiation, progression, and treatment of breast cancer.

The emergence of drug resistance is a substantial obstacle to the effective management of breast cancer, which is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. To facilitate the development of targeted therapies that can effectively overcome drug resistance, it is crucial to possess a comprehensive comprehension of the molecular mechanisms that underpin resistance to breast cancer treatment. So far, considerable progress has been made in the field of exercise-oncology research and overcome drug resistance, specifically about breast cancer. Evidence has suggested that participation in physical activity is correlated with a decrease in reappearance and fatality rates of breast cancer patients. It has been reported that participation in physical activity can yield favorable outcomes in the prevention, treatment, and post-treatment of breast cancer. An increasing body of empirical evidence suggests that participation in physical activity can alter diverse biological mechanisms, potentially augmenting breast cancer treatments' efficacy. Comparing increased physical activity versus reduced physical activity in breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery supported the significance of exercise in comprehensive care strategies to enhance overall health and treatment efficacy. Furthermore, previous studies have reported that physical activity can enhance the efficacy of breast cancer treatments. This review provides the current literature regarding the influence of physical activity on the occurrence and progression of breast cancer.

Decoding the Reactivity Enhancement of Ln2Ce2O7 Compounds (Ln = Yb, Y, Tb, and Gd) for Soot Combustion: The Remarkable Contribution of Variable Valence A-Sites.

The impact of variable valence A-sites on the redox property and reactivity of Ln2Ce2O7 compounds in soot particulate combustion has been investigated. It was observed that Yb2Ce2O7, Y2Ce2O7, and Gd2Ce2O7 formed a rare earth C-type phase, while Tb2Ce2O7 formed a solid solution phase. Both Tb2Ce2O7 and Yb2Ce2O7 possess dual valence state A-sites, resulting in significantly more surface vacancies. Additionally, the advantageous solid solution phase structure of Tb2Ce2O7 leads to even more surface vacancies than Yb2Ce2O7, which is crucial to generate active oxygen sites. Moreover, the introduction of NO into the reaction feed enhances combustion activity by producing active surface monodentate nitrates. A catalyst with higher numbers of surface vacancies exhibits improved NO oxidation ability and better NO2 utilization efficiency. Consequently, the Tb2Ce2O7 compound demonstrates not only the best soot combustion activity, but also an optimal NOx-assistance effect. Therefore, it is concluded that variable valence A-site is the intrinsic factor to improve the reactivity of Ln2Ce2O7 catalysts.

Doping SnO2 with metal ions of varying valence states: discerning the importance of active surface oxygen species vs. acid sites for C3H8 and CO oxidation.

To elucidate the valence state effect of doping cations, Li+, Mg2+, Cr3+, Zr4+ and Nb5+ with radii similar to Sn4+ (CN = 6) were chosen to dope tetragonal SnO2. Cr3+, Zr4+ and Nb5+ can enter the SnO2 lattice to produce solid solutions, thus creating more surface defects. However, Li+ and Mg2+ can only stay on the SnO2 surface as nitrates, thus suppressing the surface defects. The rich surface defects facilitate the generation of active O2-/Oδ- and acid sites on the solid solution catalysts, hence improving the reactivity. On the solid solution catalysts active for propane combustion, several reactive intermediates can be formed, but are negligible on those with low activity. It is confirmed that for propane combustion, surface acid sites play a more vital role than active oxygen sites. Nevertheless, for CO oxidation, the active oxygen sites play a more vital role than the acid sites.

The controlled engineering of surface oxygen defects on Bi2Zr2O7 compounds for catalytic soot combustion by adjusting the preparation methods.

The quantity of surface oxygen vacancies/defects is critical to promote the reactivity of metal oxide catalysts. Therefore, for the controlled engineering of Bi2Zr2O7 with rich surface defects for soot combustion, four different methods have been adopted. Bi2Zr2O7 compounds with a defective fluorite phase but with varied surface vacancy concentrations have been successfully synthesized by various methods. The best catalyst (Bi2Zr2O7-CP) was fabricated by a facile co-precipitation method. Both O2- and O22- were the active surface sites whose number positively correlated to the number of surface oxygen vacancies and determined the activity. Moreover, a sample with more surface vacancies usually had weaker Zr-O bonds, which could be the intrinsic factor to enhance the activity. In addition, a novel and simple method has been developed to accurately titrate the absolute amount of soot reactive oxygen sites and calculate the TOF values. In conclusion, by optimizing the preparation methods, Bi2Zr2O7 catalysts with rich surface defects can be tuned, which may help in designing more applicable soot oxidation catalysts.

Increased indexed proximal aortic diameter is a predictor of poor prognosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Background: Recent studies have shown that the baseline values of absolute aortic root diameter (ARD) and indexed diameter are associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in the general population, even in the absence of aneurysmal aortic disease. However, there is limited available data on the association between ARD and prognosis in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the predictive value of ARD for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in this specific population.Methods: ARD was measured by echocardiography at the level of the sinuses of Valsalva at end diastole and indexed to body surface area (BSA). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction and stroke. Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to evaluate the association between baseline ARD/BSA and clinical outcomes.Results: A total of 391 patients were included in this study. The primary endpoint occurred in 95 (24.3%) patients while the secondary endpoint occurred in 71 (18.2%) patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ARD/BSA was an independent prognostic factor for all-cause mortality (HR, per 1-SD increase, 1.403; 95% CI, 1.118-1.761; p = 0.003) as well as MACE (HR, per 1-SD increase, 1.356; 95% CI, 1.037-1.772; p = 0.026).Conclusions: Our results show that ARD/BSA is predictive of all-cause mortality and MACE in MHD patients with ESRD and support the view that assessment of ARD/BSA may refine risk stratification and preventive strategies in this population.

Tetraborated Intrinsically Axial Chiral Multi-resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials.

Chiral multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP-MR-TADF) materials hold promise for circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs) and 3D displays. Herein, we present two pairs of tetraborated intrinsically axial CP-MR-TADF materials, R/S-BDBF-BOH and R/S-BDBT-BOH, with conjugation-extended bidibenzo[b,d]furan and bidibenzo[b,d]thiophene as chiral sources, which effectively participate in the distribution of the frontier molecular orbitals. Due to the heavy-atom effect, sulfur atoms are introduced to accelerate the reverse intersystem crossing process and increase the efficiency of molecules. R/S-BDBF-BOH and R/S-BDBT-BOH manifest ultra-pure blue emission with a maximum at 458/459 nm with a full width at half maximum of 27 nm, photoluminescence quantum yields of 90 %/91 %, and dissymmetry factors (|gPL|) of 6.8×10-4/8.5×10-4, respectively. Correspondingly, the CP-OLEDs exhibit good performances with an external quantum efficiency of 30.1 % and |gEL| factors of 1.2×10-3.

A homozygous frameshift variant in SYCP2 caused meiotic arrest and non-obstructive azoospermia.

Genetic causation for the majority of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) remains unclear. Mutations in synaptonemal complex (SC)-associated genes could cause meiotic arrest and NOA. Previous studies showed that heterozygous truncating variants in SYCP2 encoding a protein essential for SC formation, are associated with non-obstructive azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia. Herein, we showed a homozygous loss-of-function variant in SYCP2 (c.2689_2690insT) in an NOA-affected patient. And this variant was inherited from heterozygous parental carriers by natural reproduction. HE, IF, and meiotic chromosomal spread analyses demonstrated that spermatogenesis was arrested at the zygotene stage in the proband with NOA. Thus, this study revealed that SYCP2 associated with NOA segregates in an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, rather than an autosomal dominant pattern. Furthermore, our study expanded the knowledge of variants in SYCP2 and provided new insight into understanding the genetic etiology of NOA.

Photonic reservoir computing with a silica microsphere cavity.

We experimentally demonstrate a photonic reservoir computing (RC) system using a passive silica microsphere cavity. The microsphere cavity exhibits a consistent nonlinear response to the non-return-to-zero signal and the multiple-level signal due to strong interference between numerous whispering gallery modes in the "over-coupling" state. Benefiting from the fact that the long photon lifetime inside the microsphere cavity provides a memory of past inputs, this photonic reservoir does not require a delayed feedback loop. We evaluate the generalization property of the RC system and obtain a correlation coefficient of 0.923. In addition, we obtain a NMSE of 0.06 for the Santa-Fe chaotic time series prediction task and a SER of 0.02 at a SNR of 12 dB for the nonlinear channel equalization task. Moreover, a microsphere cavity with a higher quality factor can provide a larger memory capacity. The application of the silica microsphere cavity as a small-volume passive device in a reservoir furnishes a new avenue for achieving a low-consumption and integrated RC system.

Fabrication of Ln2Zr2O7 Fluorite and LnAlO3 Perovskite (Ln = La, Nd, Sm) Compounds to Catalyze the OCM Reaction: On the Temperature-Induced Phase Transformation and Oxygen Vacancy.

Through synthesizing Ln2Zr2O7 and LnAlO3 (Ln = La, Nd, Sm) catalysts, the origin of active sites for oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) on A2B2O7 fluorite and ABO3 perovskite compounds has been compared and elucidated. Ln2Zr2O7 catalysts show much better reaction performance than the respective LnAlO3 catalysts at low temperatures (500-600 °C), but the difference will be mitigated significantly above 600 °C. The reaction performance ranks in the order of La2Zr2O7 > Nd2Zr2O7 > Sm2Zr2O7 > LaAlO3 > NdAlO3 > SmAlO3. It is revealed that the unit cell free volume (Vf) plays an important role in affecting the catalytic activity, and the Ln2Zr2O7 catalysts with a disordered defect fluorite phase have inherent oxygen vacancies, which can directly activate gas-phase O2 molecules to generate OCM reactive O2- anions. However, the oxygen vacancies of LnAlO3 with a perovskite structure can only be generated by lattice distortion/transformation above 600 °C. Moreover, Ln2Zr2O7 fluorites have weaker B-O bonds than LnAlO3 perovskites, thus making it easier to generate surface vacancies as well as active O2- sites. The surface alkalinity is intimately relevant to the active oxygen species, which act together to decide the OCM performance on both types of catalysts. Indeed, this explains that LnAlO3 catalysts show much worse performance than Ln2Zr2O7 catalysts below 600 °C, which will be evidently improved at elevated temperatures due to phase transformation.

Preparation of La2Zr2O7 composite oxides with fluorite/pyrochlore phases by excluding element influences for catalyzing oxidative coupling of methane.

To elucidate the effect of the A2B2O7 phase on the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) while excluding elemental influences, La2Zr2O7 compounds with a disordered defect fluorite (La2Zr2O7-F) structure and an ordered pyrochlore phase (La2Zr2O7-P) have been synthesized. Irrespective of their element composition, the catalytic performance of La2Zr2O7-F exceeds that of La2Zr2O7-P. Furthermore, the La2Zr2O7-F surface has more oxygen vacancies/defects than the La2Zr2O7 surface because La2Zr2O7-F exhibits a higher lattice disorder degree and lower B-O bond strength, which leads to the formation of more reactive oxygen anions (O2- and O22-) and basic sites for OCM. Isotopic exchange results have testified that surface-active oxygen sites are generated due to the gaseous O2 adsorption/activation occurring on the surface vacancies via both simple and multiple hetero-exchange mechanisms. In conclusion, crystal structure is the primary factor that governs the catalytic performance of A2B2O7 compounds, with the disordered defect fluorite phase being the most optimal structure for OCM.

Constructing Y2B2O7 (B = Ti, Sn, Zr, Ce) Compounds to Disclose the Effect of Surface Acidity-Basicity on Product Selectivity for Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM).

To investigate the influence of surface acidity and basicity on the OCM reaction, four pure-phase Y2B2O7 (B = Ti, Sn, Zr, Ce) compounds have been purposely constructed. The exquisite phase structure change results in the generation of different amounts of surface active O2- and O- sites, which affects CH4 molecule activation. Furthermore, both Lewis acidic sites and basic sites are formed on the catalysts in different amounts, which are related to the lattice disorder extent and the choice of A- and B-site elements. It is elucidated with strong evidence that the surface basic sites are favorable to C2 product selectivity, but the surface acidic sites lead to deep oxidation of CH4 and the coupling products to form COx. To design and fabricate Y2B2O7 catalysts with better C2 product selectivity for the reaction, a disordered defect fluorite structure should be engineered with A- and B- site elements having appropriate basicity.

Rationally Engineering a CuO/Pd@SiO2 Core-Shell Catalyst with Isolated Bifunctional Pd and Cu Active Sites for n-Butylamine Controllable Decomposition.

Volatile organic amines are a category of typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) extensively presented in industrial exhausts causing serious harm to the atmospheric environment and human health. Monometallic Pd and Cu-based catalysts are commonly adopted for catalytic destruction of hazardous organic amines, but their applications are greatly limited by the inevitable production of toxic amide and NOx byproducts and inferior low-temperature activity. Here, a CuO/Pd@SiO2 core-shell-structured catalyst with diverse functionalized active sites was creatively developed, which realized the total decomposition of n-butylamine at 260 °C with a CO2 yield and N2 selectivity reaching up to 100% and 98.3%, respectively (obviously better than those of Pd@SiO2 and CuO/SiO2), owing to the synergy of isolated Pd and Cu sites in independent mineralization of n-butylamine and generation of N2, respectively. The formation of amide and short-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon intermediates via C-C bond cleavage tended to occur over Pd sites, while the C-N bond was prone to breakage over Cu sites, generating NH2· species and long free-N chain intermediates at low temperatures, avoiding the production of hazardous amide and NOx. The SiO2 channel collapse and H+ site production resulted in the formation of N2O via suppressing NH2· diffusion. This work provides critical guidance for a rational fabrication of catalysts with high activity and N2 selectivity for environmentally friendly destruction of nitrogen-containing VOCs.

The critical roles of hydrophobicity, surface Ru0 and active O2-/O22- sites on toluene combustion on Ru/ZSM-5 with varied Si/Al ratios.

By targeting more feasible catalysts for VOC combustion, 2%Ru/ZSM-5 catalysts were fabricated by supporting RuO2, a relatively cheaper noble metal, onto HZSM-5 supports with varied Si/Al ratios for toluene combustion. The valence state distribution of Ru and the Ru/RuO2-support interaction have been explored and elucidated. It has been revealed that the catalytic activity increases with the increase of the Si/Al ratio in the order 2%Ru/ZSM-5-18 < 2%Ru/ZSM-5-40 < 2%Ru/ZSM-5-72 < 2%Ru/ZSM-5-110 < 2%Ru/ZSM-5-255 < 2%Ru/SiO2-MFI. Interestingly, the hydrophobicity of the samples improves also with the increase in the Si/Al ratio, which impedes H2O adsorption effectively and its competition for the surface-active sites with the reactants. Both RuO2 and Ru0 are detected on all the catalysts, and the Ru0 amount/ratio increases significantly with increasing the Si/Al ratio, which promotes the adsorption/activation of both toluene and O2 molecules. Furthermore, the amount of surface-active O2- and O22- is evidently improved. Therefore, the mixed interaction of higher hydrophobicity, more surface Ru0 and active oxygen sites is the major reason for the enhancement in the activity of a Ru/ZSM-5 having a higher Si/Al ratio. It is concluded that the optimal catalyst can be designed by loading Ru/RuO2 onto an MFI framework structure support with the highest Si content.

Niobium oxide promoted with alkali metal nitrates for soot particulate combustion: elucidating the vital role of active surface nitrate groups.

With the target of developing efficient base metal oxide catalysts for soot particulate combustion, Nb2O5 catalysts promoted using different alkali metal nitrates have been prepared via an impregnation method. The activity of all the modified catalysts is better than that of the pure Nb2O5, and follows the sequence of CsNb1-9 > KNb1-9 > NaNb1-9 > LiNb1-9 > Nb2O5. It has been discovered that the original LiNO3 and NaNO3 precursors were decomposed into inert Li2O and Na2O on LiNb1-9 and NaNb1-9 during the calcination process. However, the KNO3 and CsNO3 precursors were intact on KNb1-9 and CsNb1-9 due to the strong stabilization effect of the K+ and Cs+ cations. As confirmed using different means, surface nitrates are the predominant active centers that contribute to the soot oxidation activity, through the redox cycles between nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) groups. Due to the existence of a large quantity of active surface NO3- groups, KNb1-9 and CsNb1-9 thus exhibit a much better reaction performance than LiNb1-9 and NaNb1-9.

Study on the monolayer dispersion behavior of SnO2 on ZSM-5 for NOx-SCR by C3H6: the remarkable promotional effects of air plasma treatment.

Aiming to fabricate more practical catalysts for NOx-SCR with C3H6, SnO2/ZSM-5 having different SnO2 loadings was prepared and treated with DBD air plasma. The dispersion of SnO2 on the H-ZSM-5 support and their interactions were investigated with both experimental methods and DFT calculations. SnO2 displays evident monolayer dispersion behavior, getting a threshold of 0.271 mmol 100 m-2 support. Plasma treatment improves significantly the SnO2 dispersion, hence amplifying the monolayer dispersion threshold to 0.380 mmol 100 m-2. XPS and DFT calculations have testified that plasma treatment strengthens strongly the SnO2-ZSM-5 support interaction, mainly through donating electrons from Sn4+ to Al3+ in the support, thus improving the dispersion of SnO2 at the same loadings. Consequently, the catalytic performance is remarkably improved because of the generation of more abundant surface acid sites and superoxide species devoted to the reaction. The sample having a SnO2 loading near the monolayer dispersion threshold shows the optimal activity in the corresponding catalyst series, demonstrating an evident threshold effect. Over SnO2/ZSM-5, the reaction goes through a Langmuir-Hinshelwood pathway, involving the adsorption and activation of both NO and C3H6 molecules. Surface mono-dentate/bridged-nitrate and carbonate species are the main reaction intermediates.

Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Alleviates Human Testicular Leydig Cell Senescence In Vitro.

Aging has a significant negative impact on human testicular function; steroidogenesis is gradually impaired, and testosterone replacement therapy still has many risks. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been used as a novel non-invasive treatment for male erectile dysfunction and other fields, and has been shown to increase testosterone levels in animal models. Testosterone is synthesized and secreted by Leydig cells (LCs), and the serum testosterone level decreases after aging due to the LCs senescence. However, the effect of LIPUS on human senescent LCs has not been reported. In this study, human senescent LCs were isolated and stimulated with different energy intensities in vitro, and cell morphology, cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell senescence levels, lipid droplet number, testosterone and INSL3 secretion levels were tested and analyzed. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (QPCR) and Western Blot were performed to compare cell senescence characteristics and the expression profile of key pathways of testosterone secretion, and transcriptome analysis was performed to explore the signaling pathways of LCs alteration after LIPUS stimulation. It was safe and effective to stimulate LCs with the 75 mW/cm2 energy of LIPUS in vitro, which not only improved the senescence phenotype, but also effectively enhanced the secretory function of LCs in vitro, and increased the expression of key pathways of the testosterone synthesis pathway. These results suggest that LIPUS could be used as a novel treatment to human senescent LCs with decreased testosterone secretion levels in vitro.

Targeted Gene Insertion and Replacement in the Basidiomycete Ganoderma lucidum by Inactivation of Nonhomologous End Joining Using CRISPR/Cas9.

Targeted gene insertion or replacement is a promising genome-editing tool for molecular breeding and gene engineering. Although CRISPR/Cas9 works well for gene disruption and deletion in Ganoderma lucidum, targeted gene insertion and replacement remain a serious challenge due to the low efficiency of homologous recombination (HR) in this species. In this work, we demonstrate that the DNA double-strand breaks induced by Cas9 were mainly repaired via the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway, at a frequency of 96.7%. To establish an efficient target gene insertion and replacement tool in Ganoderma, we first inactivated the NHEJ pathway via disruption of the Ku70 gene (ku70) using a dual single guide RNA (sgRNA)-directed gene deletion method. Disruption of the ku70 gene significantly decreased NHEJ activity in G. lucidum. Moreover, ku70 disruption strains exhibited 96.3% and 93.1% frequencies of targeted gene insertion and replacement, respectively, when target DNA with the orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (ura3) gene and 1.5-kb homologous 5'- and 3'-flanking sequences was used as a donor template, compared to 3.3% and 0%, respectively, at these targeted sites for a control strain (Cas9 strain). Our results indicated that ku70 disruption strains were efficient recipients for targeted gene insertion and replacement. This tool will advance our understanding of functional genomics in G. lucidum. IMPORTANCE Functional genomic studies in Ganoderma have been hindered by the absence of adequate genome-engineering tools. Although CRISPR/Cas9 works well for gene disruption and deletion in G. lucidum, targeted gene insertion and replacement have remained a serious challenge due to the low efficiency of HR in these species, although such precise genome modifications, including site mutations, site-specific integrations, and allele or promoter replacements, would be incredibly valuable. In this work, we inactivated the NHEJ repair mechanism in G. lucidum by disrupting the ku70 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Moreover, we established a target gene insertion and replacement method in ku70-disrupted G. lucidum that possessed high-efficiency gene targeting. This technology will advance our understanding of the functional genomics of G. lucidum.

Phase-change reconfigurable metasurface for broadband, wide-angle, continuously tunable and switchable cloaking.

Being invisible at will has fascinated humanity for centuries and it has become more tangible with the development of metasurfaces, which have demonstrated the extraordinary ability of wavefront manipulation. However, state-of-the-art invisibility cloaks typically work in a deterministic system with a limited bandwidth and small incident angle ranges. Here, by integrating the phase-change material of Ge2Sb2Te5 and the wavefront tailoring functionality of a reflective metasurface, we have achieved a unique carpet cloak that is endowed with broadband invisibility from 6920 to 8220 nm, fully concealing objects over a wide angular span of ±25° and a prominent radar cross-section reduction. Furthermore, the central cloaking wavelength can be continuously tuned with Ge2Sb2Te5 film under different intermediate phases by precisely controlling external stimuli, which will provide a flexible and encouraging way to achieve active features once fabricated. Simulation results also show that the cloaking bandwidth can be significantly extended by triggering Ge2Sb2Te5 from the amorphous to crystalline states. Importantly, the hybrid metasurface can realize switching of "ON" and "OFF" states in terms of cloaking features by converting Ge2Sb2Te5 from the amorphous to the crystalline state. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first metasurface carpet cloak that utilizes the phase-change material of Ge2Sb2Te5 to achieve ultra-broadband, wide-angle, continuously tunable and switchable cloaking with low profiles, light weights, and easy access. This design of a reconfigurable cloak is expected to find potential applications in various areas such as vehicle cloaking, illusions and so on.