RESUMO
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a class of small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in the translational regulation of gene expression. A number of miRNAs are known to act as key regulators of diverse processes such as neuronal differentiation. In this study, we have attempted to identify novel miRNAs related to neuronal differentiation via microarray analysis in the human neuronal differentiation model neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We identified 15 up-regulated and eight down-regulated miRNAs in SH-SY5Y cells treated with all-trans retinoic acid to induce differentiation. We further showed that one of the up-regulated miRNAs, miR-664a-5p, promoted neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. These findings enhance our understanding of the miRNAs involved in the process of neurogenesis and, in particular, highlight an important role of miR-664a-5p in SH-SY5Y cell neuronal differentiation. Further studies will be required to confirm the function of miR-664-5p in neuronal development and disease and to identify its relevant target genes.