RESUMO
Lysosomes are acidic organelles that mediate the degradation and recycling of cellular waste materials. Damage to lysosomes can cause lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and trigger different types of cell death, including apoptosis. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can naturally infect most birds. Additionally, it serves as a promising oncolytic virus known for its effective infection of tumor cells and induction of intensive apoptotic responses. However, the involvement of lysosomes in NDV-induced apoptosis remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that NDV infection profoundly triggers LMP, leading to the translocation of cathepsin B and D and subsequent mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in various tumor and avian cells. Notably, the released cathepsin B and D exacerbate NDV-induced LMP by inducing the generation of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, we uncover that the viral Hemagglutinin neuraminidase (HN) protein induces the deglycosylation and degradation of lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) and LAMP2 dependent on its sialidase activity, which finally contributes to NDV-induced LMP and cellular apoptosis. Overall, our findings elucidate the role of LMP in NDV-induced cell apoptosis and provide novel insights into the function of HN during NDV-induced LMP, which provide innovative approaches for the development of NDV-based oncolytic agents.
Assuntos
Proteína HN , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle , Animais , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/metabolismo , Proteína HN/metabolismo , Catepsina B , Apoptose , Lisossomos/metabolismoRESUMO
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been extensively studied as a promising oncolytic virus for killing tumor cells in vitro and in vivo in clinical trials. However, the viral components that regulate the oncolytic activity of NDV remain incompletely understood. In this study, we systematically compared the replication ability of different NDV genotypes in various tumor cells and identified NP protein determines the oncolytic activity of NDV. On the one hand, NDV strains with phenylalanine (F) at the 450th amino acid position of the NP protein (450th-F-NP) exhibit a loss of oncolytic activity. This phenotype is predominantly associated with genotype VII NDVs. In contrast, the NP protein with a leucine amino acid at this site in other genotypes (450th-L-NP) can facilitate the loading of viral mRNA onto ribosomes more effectively than 450th-F-NP. On the other hand, the NP protein from NDV strains that exhibit strong oncogenicity interacts with eIF4A1 within its 366-489 amino acid region, leading to the inhibition of cellular mRNA translation with a complex 5' UTR structure. Our study provide mechanistic insights into how highly oncolytic NDV strains selectively promote the translation of viral mRNA and will also facilitate the screening of oncolytic strains for oncolytic therapy.
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Vírus da Doença de Newcastle , Vírus Oncolíticos , Animais , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/genética , Aminoácidos , Leucina , Vírus Oncolíticos/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Biossíntese de ProteínasRESUMO
CYP78A, a cytochrome P450 subfamily that includes rice (Oryza sativa L.) BIG GRAIN2 (BG2, CYP78A13) and Arabidopsis thaliana KLUH (KLU, CYP78A5), generate an unknown mobile growth signal (referred to as a CYP78A-derived signal) that increases grain (seed) size. However, the mechanism by which the CYP78A pathway increases grain size remains elusive. Here, we characterized a rice small grain mutant, small grain4 (smg4), with smaller grains than its wild type due to restricted cell expansion and cell proliferation in spikelet hulls. SMG4 encodes a multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporter. Loss of function of SMG4 causes smaller grains while overexpressing SMG4 results in larger grains. SMG4 is mainly localized to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit sites (ERESs) and partially localized to the ER and Golgi. Biochemically, SMG4 interacts with coat protein complex â ¡ (COPâ ¡) components (Sar1, Sec23, and Sec24) and CYP78As (BG2, GRAIN LENGTH 3.2 [GL3.2], and BG2-LIKE 1 [BG2L1]). Genetically, SMG4 acts, at least in part, in a common pathway with Sar1 and CYP78As to regulate grain size. In summary, our findings reveal a CYP78As-SMG4-COPâ ¡ regulatory pathway for grain size in rice, thus providing new insights into the molecular and genetic regulatory mechanism of grain size.
Assuntos
Arabidopsis , Oryza , Oryza/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Grão Comestível/genética , Sementes/genética , Arabidopsis/genéticaRESUMO
'Living fossils', that is, ancient lineages of low taxonomic diversity, represent an exceptional evolutionary heritage, yet we know little about how demographic history and deleterious mutation load have affected their long-term survival and extinction risk. We performed whole-genome sequencing and population genomic analyses on Dipteronia sinensis and D. dyeriana, two East Asian Tertiary relict trees. We found large-scale genome reorganizations and identified species-specific genes under positive selection that are likely involved in adaptation. Our demographic analyses suggest that the wider-ranged D. sinensis repeatedly recovered from population bottlenecks over late Tertiary/Quaternary periods of adverse climate conditions, while the population size of the narrow-ranged D. dyeriana steadily decreased since the late Miocene, especially after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). We conclude that the efficient purging of deleterious mutations in D. sinensis facilitated its survival and repeated demographic recovery. By contrast, in D. dyeriana, increased genetic drift and reduced selection efficacy, due to recent severe population bottlenecks and a likely preponderance of vegetative propagation, resulted in fixation of strongly deleterious mutations, reduced fitness, and continuous population decline, with likely detrimental consequences for the species' future viability and adaptive potential. Overall, our findings highlight the significant impact of demographic history on levels of accumulation and purging of putatively deleterious mutations that likely determine the long-term survival and extinction risk of Tertiary relict trees.
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Fósseis , Endogamia , Árvores , Animais , Variação Genética , Metagenômica , Mutação , Árvores/genéticaRESUMO
Strigolactones (SLs) constitute a class of plant hormones that regulate many aspects of plant development, including repressing tillering in rice (Oryza sativa). However, how SL pathways are regulated is still poorly understood. Here, we describe a rice mutant dwarf and high tillering1 (dht1), which exhibits pleiotropic phenotypes (such as dwarfism and increased tiller numbers) similar to those of mutants defective in SL signaling. We show that DHT1 encodes a monocotyledon-specific hnRNP-like protein that acts as a previously unrecognized intron splicing factor for many precursor mRNAs (pre-mRNAs), including for the SL receptor gene D14. We find that the dht1 (DHT1I232F) mutant protein is impaired in its stability and RNA binding activity, causing defective splicing of D14 pre-mRNA and reduced D14 expression, and consequently leading to the SL signaling-defective phenotypes. Overall, our findings deepen our understanding of the functional diversification of hnRNP-like proteins and establish a connection between posttranscriptional splicing and SL signaling in the regulation of plant development.
Assuntos
Oryza , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Ribonucleoproteínas Nucleares Heterogêneas , Lactonas , Mutação , Proteínas de Plantas , Precursores de RNARESUMO
BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in vascular dysfunction and microbial diversity was reported to be inversely correlated with arterial stiffness. However, the causal role of gut microbiota in the progression of arterial stiffness and the specific species along with the molecular mechanisms underlying this change remain largely unknown. METHODS: Participants with elevated arterial stiffness and normal controls free of medication were matched for age and sex. The microbial composition and metabolic capacities between the 2 groups were compared with the integration of metagenomics and metabolomics. Subsequently, Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced and humanized mouse model were employed to evaluate the protective effect of Flavonifractor plautii (F plautii) and its main effector cis-aconitic acid. RESULTS: Human fecal metagenomic sequencing revealed a significantly high abundance and centrality of F plautii in normal controls, which was absent in the microbial community of subjects with elevated arterial stiffness. Moreover, blood pressure only mediated part of the effect of F plautii on lower arterial stiffness. The microbiome of normal controls exhibited an enhanced capacity for glycolysis and polysaccharide degradation, whereas, those of subjects with increased arterial stiffness were characterized by increased biosynthesis of fatty acids and aromatic amino acids. Integrative analysis with metabolomics profiling further suggested that increased cis-aconitic acid served as the main effector for the protective effect of F plautii against arterial stiffness. Replenishment with F plautii and cis-aconitic acid improved elastic fiber network and reversed increased pulse wave velocity through the suppression of MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) and inhibition of MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B) activation in both Ang II-induced and humanized model of arterial stiffness. CONCLUSIONS: Our translational study identifies a novel link between F plautii and arterial function and raises the possibility of sustaining vascular health by targeting gut microbiota.
Assuntos
Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz , Rigidez Vascular , Animais , Camundongos , Humanos , Rigidez Vascular/fisiologia , Análise de Onda de Pulso , Ácido Aconítico/farmacologiaRESUMO
Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly (2.19 Gb) and annotation of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum, a perennial herbaceous liana native to subtropical China with diverse medicinal applications. Approximately 73% of the genome was comprised of transposable elements (TEs), of which long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) were a predominant group (69% of the genome). The genome size increase of T. hemsleyanum (relative to Vitis species) was mostly due to the proliferation of LTR-RTs. Of the different modes of gene duplication identified, transposed duplication (TRD) and dispersed duplication (DSD) were the predominant ones. Genes, particularly those involved in the phenylpropanoid-flavonoid (PF) pathway and those associated with therapeutic properties and environmental stress resistance, were significantly amplified through recent tandem duplications. We dated the divergence of two intraspecific lineages in Southwest (SW) versus Central-South-East (CSE) China to the late Miocene (approximately 5.2 million years ago). Of those, the former showed more upregulated genes and metabolites. Based on resequencing data of 38 individuals representing both lineages, we identified various candidate genes related to 'response to stimulus' and 'biosynthetic process', including ThFLS11, which is putatively involved in flavonoid accumulation. Overall, this study provides abundant genomic resources for future evolutionary, ecological, and functional genomics studies in T. hemsleyanum and related species.
Assuntos
Flavonoides , Vitaceae , Vitaceae/genética , Genômica , Cromossomos , Evolução MolecularRESUMO
Organic photomechanical molecular crystals are promising candidates for photoactuators, which have potential applications as smart materials in various fields. However, it is still challenging to fabricate photomechanical molecular crystals with flexibility because most of the molecular crystals are brittle and the mechanism of flexible crystals remains controversial. Here, a plastically flexible α-cyanostilbene crystal has been synthesized that can undergo solid-state [2+2] cycloaddition reaction under violet or UV irradiation and exhibits excellent photomechanical bending properties. A hook-shaped crystal can lift 0.7 mg object upward by 1.5 cm, which proves its potential for application as photoactuators. When complex with the agarose polymer, the molecules will be in the form of macroscopic crystals, which can drive the composite films to exhibit excellent photomechanical bending performance. Upon irradiation with UV light, the composite film can quickly lift 18.0 mg object upward by 0.3 cm. The results of this work may facilitate the application of macroscale crystals as photoactuators.
RESUMO
The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA modification is crucial for plant development and stress responses. In rice, the male sterility resulting from the deficiency of OsFIP37, a core component of m6A methyltransferase complex, emphasizes the significant role of m6A in male fertility. m6A is reversible and can be removed by m6A demethylases. However, whether mRNA m6A demethylase regulates male fertility in rice has remained unknown. Here, we identify the mRNA m6A demethylase OsALKBH9 and demonstrate its involvement in male fertility regulation. Knockout of OsALKBH9 causes male sterility, dependent on its m6A demethylation activity. Cytological analysis reveals defective tapetal programmed cell death (PCD) and excessive accumulation of microspores exine in Osalkbh9-1. Transcriptome analysis of anthers shows up-regulation of genes involved in tapetum development, sporopollenin synthesis, and transport pathways in Osalkbh9-1. Additionally, we demonstrate that OsALKBH9 demethylates the m6A modification in TDR and GAMYB transcripts, which affects the stability of these mRNAs and ultimately leads to excessive accumulation of pollen exine. Our findings highlight the precise control of mRNA m6A modification and reveal the pivotal roles played by OsALKBH9-mediated m6A demethylation in tapetal PCD and pollen exine accumulation in rice.
Assuntos
Desmetilação , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Oryza , Proteínas de Plantas , Pólen , Oryza/genética , Oryza/metabolismo , Pólen/genética , Pólen/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Adenosina/metabolismo , Apoptose/genética , Infertilidade das Plantas/genéticaRESUMO
Starch is synthesized as insoluble, semicrystalline particles within plant chloroplast and amyloplast, which are referred to as starch grains (SGs). The size and morphology of SGs in the cereal endosperm are diverse and species-specific, representing a key determinant of the suitability of starch for industrial applications. However, the molecular mechanisms modulating SG size in cereal endosperm remain elusive. Here, we functionally characterized the rice (Oryza sativa) mutant substandard starch grain7 (ssg7), which exhibits enlarged SGs and defective endosperm development. SSG7 encodes a plant-specific DUF1001 domain-containing protein homologous to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CRUMPLED LEAF (AtCRL). SSG7 localizes to the amyloplast membrane in developing endosperm. Several lines of evidence suggest that SSG7 functions together with SSG4 and SSG6, known as two regulators essential for SG development, to control SG size, by interacting with translocon-associated components, which unveils a molecular link between SG development and protein import. Genetically, SSG7 acts synergistically with SSG4 and appears to be functional redundancy with SSG6 in modulating SG size and endosperm development. Collectively, our findings uncover a multimeric functional protein complex involved in SG development in rice. SSG7 represents a promising target gene for the biotechnological modification of SG size, particularly for breeding programs aimed at improving starch quality.
RESUMO
There is a close regulatory relationship between the circadian clock and the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway in regulating many developmental processes and stress responses. However, the exact feedback regulation mechanism between them is still poorly understood. Here, we identified the rice (Oryza sativa) clock component PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 95 (OsPRR95) as a transcriptional regulator that accelerates seed germination and seedling growth by inhibiting ABA signaling. We also found that OsPRR95 binds to the ABA receptor gene REGULATORY COMPONENTS OF ABA RECEPTORS10 (OsRCAR10) DNA and inhibits its expression. Genetic analysis showed OsRCAR10 acts downstream of OsPRR95 in mediating ABA responses. In addition, the induction of OsPRR95 by ABA partly required a functional OsRCAR10, and the ABA-responsive element-binding factor ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (OsABI5) bound directly to the promoter of OsPRR95 and activated its expression, thus establishing a regulatory feedback loop between OsPRR95, OsRCAR10, and OsABI5. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the OsRCAR10-OsABI5-OsPRR95 feedback loop modulates ABA signaling to fine-tune seed germination and seedling growth, thus establishing the molecular link between ABA signaling and the circadian clock.
Assuntos
Arabidopsis , Relógios Circadianos , Oryza , Ácido Abscísico/metabolismo , Oryza/metabolismo , Relógios Circadianos/genética , Arabidopsis/genética , Germinação/fisiologia , Plântula/metabolismo , Sementes/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de PlantasRESUMO
To explore, highly active electrocatalysts are essential for water splitting materials. Polyoxometalates (POMs) have drawn interesting attention in recent years due to their abundant structure and unique electrocatalytic properties. In this study, by using a POM-based precursor Co2Mo10, novel bimetallic sulfide (CoS2-MoS2) nanocomposites are rationally designed and synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The incorporation of Co2+ to the host electrocatalyst could effectively increase the exposure of active sites of MoS2. Compared to pure MoS2, the CoS2-MoS2 nanocomposite exhibited a perfect hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) ability, for it merely requires overpotentials of 120 and 153 mV for 10 mA cm-2 working current density toward the HER in 1 M KOH and 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte systems, respectively. Additionally, the nanocomposite exhibited outstanding chemical stability and long-term durability. This study presents a novel strategy that utilizes POMs to enrich the exposed edge sites of MoS2, resulting in the preparation of efficient electrocatalysts.
RESUMO
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive tract tumor with a high incidence and a poor prognosis. Traditional chemotherapy drugs are usually accompanied by unpleasant side effects, highlighting the importance of exploring new adjunctive drugs. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of ursolic acid (UA) in CRC cells. Specifically, HT-29 cells were treated with UA at different concentrations (10, 20, 30, and 40 µM), and the expression of miR-140-5p, tumor growth factor-ß3 (TGF-ß3), ß-catenin, and cyclin D1 was determined by real-time quantitative PCR. The cell cycle and apoptosis were checked by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The HT-29 cell model was established through overexpression (miR-140-5p mimics) and interference (miR-140-5p inhibitor) of miR-140-5p. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of TGF-ß3. We found that UA could inhibit the proliferation of HT-29 cells, block cells in the G1 phase, and promote cell apoptosis. After UA treatment, the expression of miR-140-5p increased and TGF-ß3 decreased. Notably, miR-140-5p downregulated the expression of TGF-ß3, while the overexpression of miR-140-5p exerted a similar function to UA in HT-29 cells. Additionally, the messenger RNA expression of TGF-ß3, ß-catenin, and cyclin D1 was decreased in HT-29 cells after UA treatment. In conclusion, UA inhibited CRC cell proliferation and cell cycle and promoted apoptosis by regulating the miR-140-5p/TGF-ß3 axis, which may be related to the inhibition of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , MicroRNAs , Humanos , beta Catenina/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ciclina D1/genética , Ciclina D1/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta3/genética , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta3/metabolismo , Ácido Ursólico , Regulação para Baixo , Proliferação de Células/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão GênicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of snare traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the management of circumferential superficial esophageal cancer. METHODS: A total of 68 patients who underwent ESD for circumferential superficial esophageal cancer were included in this study. All the patients were divided into two groups based on whether the snare traction was used or not; the snare traction group (S-ESD, group n = 35) and the control group (C-ESD, group n = 33). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the size of the resected area between the groups [21.98 (18.30, 27.00) cm2 vs 24.00 (15.28, 30.72) cm2, P = 0.976]. The snare traction group had a shorter dissection time [92.00 (74.00, 121.00) min vs 110.00 (92.50, 137.00) min, P = 0.017] and a faster resection speed [0.28 ± 0.13 cm2/min vs 0.22 ± 0.11cm2/min, P = 0.040] compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of hospital stay, cost, en bloc resection rate, R0 resection rate, curative resection rate, bleeding rate, perforation rate, stricture rate, and recurrence rate (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Snare traction-assisted ESD is a safe and efficient approach for the treatment of circumferential superficial esophageal cancer. Its advantages includes shorter procedure so the anesthesia requirement, clear operative filed view, improved mucosal dissection efficiency, simple, and easily accessible equipment.
Assuntos
Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Humanos , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa/métodos , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa/instrumentação , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Resultado do Tratamento , Tração/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Duração da Cirurgia , Esofagoscopia/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and prognosis of enbloc or piecemeal removal after enbloc resection of a gastric GIST by comparing the clinical data of endoscopic en block resection and piecemeal removal (EP) and en block resection and complete removal (EC) of gastric GISTs. METHODS: A total of 111 (43 endoscopic piecemeal, and 68 complete removal) patients with gastric GIST's ≥ 2 cm in diameter who underwent endoscopic therapy from January 2016 to June 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. In all cases, it was ensured that the tumor was intact during the resection, however, it was divided into EP group and EC group based on whether the tumor was completely removed or was cut into pieces which were then removed. The patients' recurrence-free survival rate and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were recorded. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in RFS rates between the two groups (P = 0.197). The EP group had relatively high patient age, tumor diameter, risk classification, and operation time. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of nuclear fission images, postoperative hospitalization time, postoperative fasting time, complication rate and complication grading between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Endoscopic piecemeal removal after en block resection of gastric GIST is safe and effective and achieves similar clinical outcomes as complete removal after en block resection.
Assuntos
Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal , Humanos , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/cirurgia , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/patologia , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Idoso , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Adulto , Resultado do Tratamento , Gastroscopia/métodosRESUMO
Prenatal exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) has been linked with a decline in testosterone levels in adult male rats, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the potential epigenetic regulation, particularly focusing on N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as a possible mechanism. Dams were gavaged with DEHP (0, 10, 100, and 750â¯mg/kg/day) from gestational day 14 to day 21. The male offspring were examined at the age of 56 days. Prenatal DEHP administration at 750â¯mg/kg/day caused a decline in testosterone concentrations, an elevation in follicle-stimulating hormone, a downregulated expression of CYP11A1 HSD3B2, without affecting Leydig cell numbers. Interestingly, Methyltransferase Like 4 (METTL4), an m6A methyltransferase, was downregulated, while there were no changes in METTL3 and METTL14. Moreover, CYP11A1 showed m6A reduction in response to prenatal DEHP exposure. Additionally, METTL4 expression increased postnatally, peaking in adulthood. Knockdown of METTL4 resulted in the downregulation of CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 and an increase in SCARB1 expression. Furthermore, the increase in autophagy protection in adult Leydig cells induced by prenatal DEHP exposure was not affected by 3-methyladenosine (3MA) treatment, indicating a potential protective role of autophagy in response to DEHP exposure. In conclusion, prenatal DEHP exposure reduces testosterone by downregulating CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 via m6A epigenetic regulation and induction of autophagy protection in adult Leydig cells as a response to DEHP exposure.
Assuntos
Dietilexilftalato , Regulação para Baixo , Epigênese Genética , Células Intersticiais do Testículo , Metiltransferases , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal , Testosterona , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Gravidez , Ratos , Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Enzima de Clivagem da Cadeia Lateral do Colesterol/genética , Dietilexilftalato/toxicidade , Dietilexilftalato/análogos & derivados , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Epigênese Genética/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Metiltransferases/genética , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/induzido quimicamente , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Testosterona/sangueRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Tracheal injuries, vocal cord injuries, sore throat and hoarseness are common complications of double-lumen tube (DLT) intubation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 'video double-lumen tubes' (VDLTs) on intubation complications in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. DESIGN: A randomised controlled study. SETTINGT: Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China, from January 2023 to June 2023. PATIENTS: One hundred eighty-two patients undergoing elective thoracic surgery with one-lung ventilation were randomised into two groups: 90 in the DLT group and 92 in the VDLT group. INTERVENTION: VDLT was selected for intubation in the VDLT group, and DLT was selected for intubation in the DLT group. A fibreoptic bronchoscope (FOB) was used to record tracheal and vocal cord injuries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were the incidence of moderate-to-severe tracheal injury and the incidence of vocal cord injury. The secondary outcomes included the incidence and severity of postoperative 24 and 48âh sore throat and hoarseness. RESULTS: The incidence of moderate-to-severe tracheal injury was 32/90 (35.6%) in the DLT group, and 45/92 (48.9%) in the VDLT group ( P â=â0.077; relative risk 1.38, 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.95). The incidence of vocal cord injury was 31/90 (34.4%) and 34/92 (37%) in the DLT and VDLT groups, respectively ( P â=â0.449). The incidence of postoperative 24âh sore throat and hoarseness was significantly higher in the VDLT group than in the DLT group (for sore throat: P â=â0.032, relative risk 1.63, 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.57; for hoarseness: P â=â0.018, relative risk 1.48, 95% CI, 1.06 to 2.06). CONCLUSION: There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of moderate-to-severe tracheal injury and vocal cord injury between DLTs and VDLTs. While improving the first-attempt success rate, intubation with VDLT increased the incidence of postoperative 24âh sore throat and hoarseness. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR2300067348.
Assuntos
Faringite , Cirurgia Torácica , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Torácicos , Humanos , Rouquidão/diagnóstico , Rouquidão/epidemiologia , Rouquidão/etiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Torácicos/efeitos adversos , Broncoscópios , Faringite/epidemiologia , Faringite/etiologiaRESUMO
The aims of the current review were to identify the current supportive care needs of stroke patients, categorize those needs according to the supportive care needs framework (SCNF), and to form a SCNF of stroke patients. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and Guidance for conducting systematic scoping reviews were followed. Ten databases were searched, including six English databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO, and four Chinese databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang, China Biology Medicine Database and Chongqing VIP. The search period covers from the establishment of the database to December 31, 2022. Three thousand twenty-nine hits were screened resulting in the inclusion of 34 articles in the final literature review. The greatest need identified by stroke patients was information, followed by psychological, social, rehabilitation, practical, physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. The supportive care needs of stroke patients were identified. A preliminary SCNF of stroke patients was developed according to Fitch's SCNF. The multitude of existing needs of stroke patients need to be addressed. This review may represent the first time that SCNF for stroke patients has been developed. This work may lay the foundation for future research on the supportive care needs of stroke patients and provide a framework for the implementation of supportive care in clinical stroke units.
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This study investigates the mediating role of activity restriction in the relationship between the fear of falling and health outcomes. This was a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling of 316 nursing home residents. Generalized structural equation modeling was conducted to test the mediating role. The results showed that residents with fear of falling were more likely to restrict their activities and residents who often or always restricted activities reported lower levels of quality of life and higher levels of depression. Severe activity restriction accounted for 75 % of the total effect of fear of falling on quality of life and 69 % of the total effect of fear of falling on depression. Fall prevention efforts should focus on strategies or interventions to reduce residents' excessive fear of falling and promote activity engagement. Physical and social activities will not only prevent future falls but also improve residents' quality of life and mental health.
Assuntos
Acidentes por Quedas , Medo , Casas de Saúde , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Acidentes por Quedas/prevenção & controle , Estudos Transversais , Masculino , Medo/psicologia , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Idoso , Depressão/psicologia , Atividades Cotidianas/psicologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D-COFs) have recently emerged as fascinating scaffolds for solar-to-chemical energy conversion because of their customizable structures and functionalities. Herein, two tris(triazolo)triazine-based COF materials (namely COF-JLU51 and COF-JLU52) featuring large surface area, high crystallinity, excellent stability and photoelectric properties were designed and constructed for the first time. Remarkably, COF-JLU51 gave an outstanding H2O2 production rate of over 4200â µmol g-1 h-1 with excellent reusability in pure water and O2 under one standard sun light, that higher than its isomorphic COF-JLU52 and most of the reported metal-free materials, owing to its superior generation, separation and transport of photogenerated carriers. Experimental and theoretical researches prove that the photocatalytic process undergoes a combination of indirect 2e- O2 reduction reaction (ORR) and 4e- H2O oxidation reaction (WOR). Specifically, an ultrahigh yield of 7624.7â µmol g-1 h-1 with apparent quantum yield of 18.2 % for COF-JLU52 was achieved in a 1 : 1 ratio of benzyl alcohol and water system. This finding contributes novel, nitrogen-rich and high-quality tris(triazolo)triazine-based COF materials, and also designate their bright future in photocatalytic solar transformations.