RESUMO
Background: Morbidity and mortality from prescription opioids has reached unprecedented levels. Opioids remain part of chronic pain treatment in primary care. This study was designed to determine whether one-on-one care management increases procurement of Naloxone, an opioid antagonist shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in opioid overdoses. Methods: Participants included all patients ≥18 years enrolled in a primary care-based chronic pain management program and who were prescribed a daily dose of opioids for treatment of chronic pain. In total, 153 patients chose to participate. Each had a 1 h one-on-one education meeting with a registered nurse. Results: Among the enrolled, eight patients (5.2%) had procured Naloxone prior to intervention. Overall, 31 additional patients (20.2%) procured Naloxone after intervention, a 288% relative improvement in the attainment of Naloxone (P < 0.0001) (χ2 = 29.032 with 1 degree freedom). Of the 114 participants who never procured Naloxone, 69.3% believed it was unnecessary, 20% forgot about Naloxone, 8% said it was cost prohibitive, 3.5% had access concerns and 0.9% had concerns about side effects. Conclusion: Direct one-on-one nurse care management sessions were associated with an increased procurement of Naloxone in a primary care-based pain management program. A significant number of patients believed Naloxone was unnecessary after the intervention.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/métodos , Naloxona/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas de Entorpecentes/uso terapêutico , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Dor Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Crônica/enfermagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Naloxona/provisão & distribuição , Antagonistas de Entorpecentes/provisão & distribuição , Manejo da Dor/enfermagemRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The number of people with impaired hearing is increasing; knowing its magnitude is essential for public health. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and determinants of impaired hearing in Itajaí/SC. METHODS: A population-based survey based on a World Health Organization protocol. Field research was carried out from July 2008 to 2011. Procedures for evaluating hearing in households: questionnaire, measurement of noise, otoscopy, pure tone audiometry at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes: individuals above 4 years; children under 4 years: evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAE), cocleo-palpebral reflex(CPR), tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes. In the elderly population a questionnaire of perception of hearing loss was applied. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 379 individuals--45.38% were males and 54.62% were females. Age-range: 11.34% up to 10 years; 64.39% 10 to 60 years, 24.27% over 60 years. Evaluation of the best hearing ear showed that 74.1% of residents had normal hearing, 18.9% had mild hearing loss, 5.1% had moderate hearing loss, 1.9% had severe hearing loss. Disabling impaired hearing was detected in 26 subjects: one child (otitis media); four adults (one otitis, one noise-induced, two idiopathic); 21 elderlies (presbyacusis). Of eight children under 4 years all presented CPR, three were normal examinations, two had absent OAE bilaterally, one had absent OAE in the right ear and one in the left ear. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of disabling impaired hearing in Itajaí was 7%; the highest prevalence was in the 50-year and above age group--the main cause was presbyacusis.
Assuntos
Otopatias/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Otopatias/etiologia , Feminino , Perda Auditiva/etiologia , Testes Auditivos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Distribuição por Sexo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
O número de pessoas com deficiência auditiva vem aumentando e o conhecimento de sua magnitude é fundamental no planejamento das gestões públicas em saúde. OBJETIVO: Estudar a prevalência e os determinantes da deficiência auditiva no Município de Itajaí/SC. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi de amostragem populacional, seguindo protocolo da Organização Mundial de Saúde. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada entre julho de 2008 e 2011. Procedimentos realizados nos domicílios: questionário, medição do ruído, otoscopia, limiares auditivos em 1000, 2000 e 4000 Hertz, timpanometria e reflexos acústicos: indivíduos acima de 4 anos; crianças até 4 anos: emissões otoacústicas evocadas (OEA), reflexo cócleo-palpebral (RCP), timpanometria e reflexos acústicos. Nos idosos, aplicou-se questionário de percepção da perda auditiva. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi constituída por 379 indivíduos; 45,38% do sexo masculino e 54,62% feminino. Quanto às faixas-etárias: 11,34% até 10 anos; 64,39% 10 a 60 anos e 24,27% acima de 60 anos. Avaliando-se a audição da melhor orelha, os moradores apresentaram: 74,1% audição normal, 18,9% deficiência auditiva leve, 5,1% moderada, 1,9% grave. As deficiências auditivas incapacitantes foram detectadas em 26 indivíduos: uma criança (otite média); quatro adultos (um otite média, um induzido por ruído, dois idiopáticas); 21 idosos (presbiacusia). Das oito crianças menores de 4 anos avaliadas, todas apresentaram RCP presente, três exames normais, duas OEA ausentes bilateralmente, uma OEA ausentes à direita e uma ausentes à esquerda. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de deficiência auditiva incapacitante em Itajaí foi de 7%, com predominância acima dos 50 anos e tendo como principal causa a presbiacusia.
The number of people with impaired hearing is increasing; knowing its magnitude is essential for public health. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and determinants of impaired hearing in Itajaí/SC. METHODS: A population-based survey based on a World Health Organization protocol. Field research was carried out from July 2008 to 2011. Procedures for evaluating hearing in households: questionnaire, measurement of noise, otoscopy, pure tone audiometry at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes: individuals above 4 years; children under 4 years: evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAE), cocleo-palpebral reflex(CPR), tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes. In the elderly population a questionnaire of perception of hearing loss was applied. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 379 individuals - 45.38% were males and 54.62% were females. Age-range: 11.34% up to 10 years; 64.39% 10 to 60 years, 24.27% over 60 years. Evaluation of the best hearing ear showed that 74.1% of residents had normal hearing, 18.9% had mild hearing loss, 5.1% had moderate hearing loss, 1.9% had severe hearing loss. Disabling impaired hearing was detected in 26 subjects: one child (otitis media); four adults (one otitis, one noise-induced, two idiopathic); 21 elderlies (presbyacusis). Of eight children under 4 years all presented CPR, three were normal examinations, two had absent OAE bilaterally, one had absent OAE in the right ear and one in the left ear. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of disabling impaired hearing in Itajaí was 7%; the highest prevalence was in the 50-year and above age group - the main cause was presbyacusis.