RESUMO
The lung transplantation is a therapeutic procedure indicated for lung diseases that are terminal and irreversible (except lung cancer) despite the best medical current treatment. It is an emergent procedure in medical care. In this review, an analyse is made of the most frequent complications of lung transplant related to the graft (rejection and chronic graft dysfunction), immunosuppression (infections, arterial hypertension, renal dysfunction, and diabetes), as well as others such as gastrointestinal complications, osteoporosis. The most advisable therapeutic options are also included. Specific mention is made of the reviews and follow-up for monitoring the graft and the patients, as well as the lifestyle recommended to improve the prognosis and quality of life. An analysis is also made on the outcomes in the Spanish and international registries, their historical evolution and the most frequent causes of death, in order to objectively analyse the usefulness of the transplant.
Assuntos
Pneumopatias/cirurgia , Transplante de Pulmão/métodos , Qualidade de Vida , Rejeição de Enxerto , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Transplante de Pulmão/efeitos adversos , Médicos de Família , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , PrognósticoRESUMO
Lung transplant is a therapeutic, medical-surgical procedure indicated for pulmonary diseases (except lung cancer), that are terminal and irreversible with current medical treatment. More than 3,500 lung transplants have been performed in Spain, with a rate of over 6 per million and increasing. In this review, an analysis is made of the types of transplants, their indications and contraindications, the procedures, immunosuppressive treatments, their side effects and medical interactions, current prophylaxis. A list of easily accessible literature references is also include, the majority being by national authors.