Efficacy of a hyperglycemia treatment program in a Vascular Surgery Department supervised by Endocrinology. / Eficacia de un programa de tratamiento de la hiperglucemia en un Servicio de Cirugía Vascular supervisado por Endocrinología.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the strategy and efficacy of a hyperglycemia treatment program supervised by Endocrinology. METHODS: All patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized at the vascular surgery department over a 12 month period were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical characteristics and hyperglycemia treatment during hospitalization, at discharge and 2-6 month after discharge were collected. Glycemic control was assessed using capillary blood glucose profiles and HbA1c at admission and 2-6 months post-discharge. RESULTS: A total of 140 hospitalizations of 123 patients were included. The protocol to choose the insulin regimen was applied in 96.4% of patients (22.8% correction dose, 23.6% basal-correction dose and 50% basal-bolus-correction dose [BBC]). Patients with BBC had higher HbA1c (7.7±1.5% vs. 6.7 ±0.8%; P<.001) and mean glycemia on the first day of hospitalization (184.4±59.2 vs. 140.5±31.4mg/dl; P<.001). Mean blood glucose was reduced to 162.1±41.8mg/dl in the middle and 160.8±43.3mg/dl in the last 24h of hospitalization in patients with BBC (P=.007), but did not change in the remaining patients. In 22.1% patients with treatment changes performed at discharge, HbA1c decreased from 8.2±1.6 to 6.8±1.6% at 2-6 months post-discharge (P=.019). CONCLUSIONS: The hyperglycemia treatment protocol applied by an endocrinologist in the hospital, allows the identification of the appropriate therapy and the improvement of the glycemic control during hospitalization and discharge, supporting its efficacy in clinical practice.

Lower mortality and readmission in patients with few comorbidities who underwent hip fracture surgery and were discharged early. / Menor mortalidad y reingreso en pacientes con pocas comorbilidades intervenidos de fractura de cadera y con alta precoz.

INTRODUCTION: Preoperative delay in patients with hip fracture surgery (HF) has been associated with poorer outcomes; however, the optimal timing of discharge from hospital after surgery has been little studied. The aim of this study was to determine mortality and readmission outcomes in HF patients with and without early hospital discharge. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted selecting 607 patients over 65years of age with HF intervened between January 2015 and December 2019, from which 164 patients with fewer comorbidities and ASA ≤II were included for analysis and divided according to their postoperative hospital stay into early discharge or stay ≤4 days (n=115), and non-early or post-operative stay >4days (n=49). Demographic characteristics; fracture and surgical-related characteristics; 30-day and one-year postoperative mortality rates; 30-day postoperative hospital readmission rate; and medical or surgical cause were recorded. RESULTS: In the early discharge group all outcomes were better compared to the non-early discharge group: lower 30-day (0.9% vs 4.1%, P=.16) and 1-year postoperative (4.3% vs 16.3%, P=.009) mortality rates, as well as a lower rate of hospital readmission for medical reasons (7.8% vs 16.3%, P=.037). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the early discharge group obtained better results 30-day and 1-year postoperative mortality indicators, as well as readmission for medical reasons.

[Translated article] Lower mortality and readmission in patients with few comorbidities who underwent hip fracture surgery and were discharged early.

INTRODUCTION: Pre-operative delay in patients with hip fracture surgery (HF) has been associated with poorer outcomes; however, the optimal timing of discharge from hospital after surgery has been little studied. The aim of this study was to determine mortality and readmission outcomes in HF patients with and without early hospital discharge. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted selecting 607 patients over 65years of age with HF intervened between January 2015 and December 2019, from which 164 patients with fewer comorbidities and ASA≤II were included for analysis and divided according to their post-operative hospital stay into early discharge or stay ≤4 days (n=115), and non-early or post-operative stay >4days (n=49). Demographic characteristics; fracture and surgical-related characteristics; 30-day and one-year post-operative mortality rates; 30-day post-operative hospital readmission rate; and medical or surgical cause were recorded. RESULTS: In the early discharge group all outcomes were better compared to the non-early discharge group: lower 30-day (0.9% versus 4.1%, p=.16) and 1-year post-operative (4.3% versus 16.3%, p=.009) mortality rates, as well as a lower rate of hospital readmission for medical reasons (7.8% versus 16.3%, p=.037). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the early discharge group obtained better results 30-day and 1-year post-operative mortality indicators, as well as readmission for medical reasons.

Promotion of self-efficacy in mothers with infants discharged from neonatal intensive care units.

INTRODUCTION: The mothers of newborns who are discharged from a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experience stress and anxiety due to the specialized care their child requires at home, affecting their perception of maternal self-efficacy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the nursing intervention called Hospital Discharge Plan (HDP) on the promotion of self-efficacy in mothers of newborns discharged from the NICU. METHOD: Quantitative study, quasi-experimental design with pre-test/post-test in a single group, using the Parental Evaluation Scale applied to a convenience sample of 72 mothers of high-risk newborns from a NICU located in the city of Villavicencio (Colombia). The first measurement was taken between days 3 and 4 before discharge and at 15 days' post-discharge. Data processing was carried out using the statistical program SPSS, version 21. The intervention was based on the four concepts of self-efficacy by Barbara Resnick. RESULTS: The perception of maternal self-efficacy before the intervention showed a median of 8.9 points (RI 7.6-9.5); after the intervention it showed a median of 9.6 points (RI of 10-8.7); a statistically significant p-value<0.001 was obtained before and after the intervention with the Wilcoxon rank test. CONCLUSIONS: Education and follow-up promoted the development of knowledge and skills in mothers for the care of high-risk newborns. This contributed to the experience of mastery and vicarious experience from the teaching-learning process and contact with the experience of other mothers, which contributes to the effective development of motherhood.

Characteristics and management of patients with stroke and major hemorrhagic episodes with atrial fibrillation under vitamin K antagonist therapy. EVENTHO study.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: In Spain, vitamin K antagonists (VKA) remain the standard treatment for the prevention of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), despite the high risks of suffering adverse effects. The objective of this study was to characterize the profile of VKA-treated patients suffering from stroke/systemic embolism (SE) or major hemorrhagic episodes, their evolution and the actions taken after those episodes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: EVENTHO was an observational multicenter study conducted in 22 Anticoagulation Spanish Units. The study included patients ≥18 years with AF who suffered major hemorrhagic episodes (67.8%) or stroke/SE (32.1%) during 2016 whileon VKA treatment [acenocoumarol (98.2%) or warfarin (1.8%)]. Time in therapeutic range (TTR) was calculated according to the Rosendaal method based on the international normalized ratio (INR) values of the previous 6 months. RESULTS: The study included 585 patients (median age [range] 82.3 [43.6-96.2] years; 51.1% men; mean [95% confidence interval, CI] CHA2DS2-VASc: 4.3 [4.2-4.4] and HAS-BLED: 2.2 [2.1-2.3]). Poor anticoagulation and VKA maintenance were higher in patients with major hemorrhagic episode (p<0.0001). The most common situations after hospital discharge were: functional dependence, neurological sequelae and death. CONCLUSIONS: In the sample studied, half of the AF patients who suffered stroke/SE or major hemorrhagic episode had inadequate TTR and, despite this, after hospital discharge, they restarted treatment with VKA. These results highlight the need to evaluate safer and effective therapeutic alternatives in AF patients with poor TTR control after suffering a stroke/SE or major hemorrhagic episode.

Intraosseous access in adults in cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. / Vía intraósea en adultos en situación de parada cardiaca: revisión sistemática y metanálisis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of intraosseous access versus venous access in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in terms of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to hospital discharge with or without favorable neurologic status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of articles indexed in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Other terms adapted to the language of each index were also used. We included observational studies and clinical trials published from January 1, 1950, to May 31, 2019, if the study population included adult patients in cardiac arrest outside the hospital and in whom an intraosseous or intravenous catheter was inserted. Risk of bias was evaluated with the Cochrane and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) tools. RESULTS: We identified 434 papers to include in the qualitative review and 5 studies for meta-analysis. Intraosseous access was related to a lower rate of ROSC (odds ratio [OR], 0.69; 95% CI, 0.57-0.83; P=.02; I2=65%) and worse survival to discharge (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.51-0.83); P<.01, I2=30%). CONCLUSION: Intraosseous access in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is related to poorer outcomes in terms of ROSC and survival at hospital discharge.

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la efectividad, en relación al retorno a circulación espontánea, la supervivencia al alta y la supervivencia al alta con buen estado neurológico, del acceso intraóseo frente al acceso venoso en la resucitación en parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria. METODO: Se realiza una revisión sistemática y metanálisis en las bases de datos Medline (PubMed), Embase, Web of Science y Cochrane Library. Se incluyeron estudios observacionales y ensayos clínicos registrados en las bases de datos mencionadas desde el 1 de enero de 1950 hasta el 31 de mayo de 2019, en los que la población incluida fueran pacientes adultos en situación de parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria y que tuvieran canalizado un acceso intraóseo o intravenoso. La evaluación del riesgo de sesgo se realizó mediante la herramienta de evaluación de sesgo de Cochrane y la herramienta GRADE. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 434 referencias de las que 5 se incluyen en la síntesis cualitativa y cuantitativa. El acceso intraóseo se relaciona con una peor tasa de retorno a circulación espontánea [OR 0,69 (IC 95%: 0,57-0,83), p = 0,02, I 2 = 65%] y una peor supervivencia al alta hospitalaria [OR 0,65 (IC 95%: 0,51-0,83); p < 0,01, I2 = 30%] en comparación con el acceso venoso. CONCLUSIONES: El acceso intraóseo en pacientes en situación de parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria se relaciona con peores resultados en términos de retorno a circulación espontánea y supervivencia al alta hospitalaria.

Perfil demográfico, epidemiológico e clínico de pacientes com covid-19 segundo desfecho clínico: um estudo retrospectivo com pacientes admitidos em uma unidade hospitalar / Demographic, epidemiological, and clinic profile of COVID-19 patients by clinical outcome: a retrospective study with patients admitted to a medical unit / Perfil demográfico, epidemiológico y clínico de pacientes con covid-19 según resultado clínico: un estudio retrospectivo con pacientes ingresados en un hospital

O surgimento da covid-19 impactou o cenário de saúde mundial e a compreensão do perfil desses pacientes pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de medidas e análise de como ocorreu o controle da doença. Assim, este artigo visa descrever o perfil demográfico, epidemiológico e clínico de pacientes com covid-19, internados em uma unidade hospitalar, durante 2020 e 2022. Realizou-se uma pesquisa observacional, de caráter retrospectivo e descritivo, baseada no levantamento e análise de dados de prontuários de pacientes com covid-19, assistidos por uma unidade hospitalar em Barreiras (BA). As informações coletadas foram relacionadas a aspectos demográficos, epidemiológicos e clínicos desses pacientes. Participaram do estudo 1355 indivíduos, sendo que houve predominância em pacientes do sexo masculino (61%), faixa etária entre 40 e 59 anos (44,6%), permanência inferior a cinco dias (51,8%) na instituição de saúde. Acerca do desfecho clínico, houve maior frequência em pacientes que tiveram a alta hospitalar (69,5%). Quanto à sintomatologia na admissão, observou-se predominância de pacientes com temperatura corpórea inferior a 38 °C (91,6%). Ademais, mais frequência em relatos de cefaléia (64,9%), desconforto respiratório (58,1%) e tosse (79,8%). Constatou-se que o perfil dos internados foi de alta hospitalar, idade entre 40 e 59 anos, permanência menor que cinco dias, sem comorbidades. No que se refere aos sintomas, observou-se prevalência de cefaléia, desconforto respiratório, sem disgeusia. Quanto à oxigenoterapia, houve uso expressivo de oxigenação extracorpórea.

COVID-19 onset impacted the global health scenario and understanding the profile of these patients can help us develop measures and analyze how the disease was controlled. Hence, this article described the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical profile of COVID-19 patients admitted to a hospital unit, during 2020 and 2022. An observational retrospective and descriptive research was conducted based on data survey and analysis of COVID-19 patient records from a hospital unit in Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil. Data on demographic, epidemiological, and clinical aspects of the patients were collected. A total of 1355 individuals participated in the study, mostly male patients (61%) aged 40 to 59 years (44.6%) and hospital stay of less than five days (51.8%). Patient discharge (69.5%) was the prevalent clinical outcome. Regarding symptoms at admission, we observed a predominance of patients with body temperature below 38 °C (91.6%). Additionally, there were frequent reports of headache (64.9%), respiratory distress (58.1%) and cough (79.8%). Results confirmed a profile of patient discharge, age between 40 and 59 years, hospital stay of less than five days, without comorbidities. Prevalent symptoms were headache and respiratory discomfort, without dysgeusia. Regarding oxygen therapy, there is expressive use of extracorporeal oxygenation.

El surgimiento de la covid-19 generó impactos en el ámbito de salud mundial, y comprender el perfil de los pacientes puede auxiliar en el desarrollo de medidas y analizar cómo se controló la enfermedad. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo describir el perfil demográfico, epidemiológico y clínico de los pacientes con covid-19 ingresados en un hospital en el período entre 2020 y 2022. Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo y descriptivo a partir de una búsqueda y de análisis de datos de historias clínicas de pacientes con covid-19 ingresados en un hospital de Barreiras, en Bahía (Brasil). Se recolectaron datos sobre aspectos demográficos, epidemiológicos y clínicos de estos pacientes. En este estudio participaron 1.355 personas, de las cuales hubo un mayor predominio de pacientes del sexo masculino (61%), de grupo de edad de entre 40 y 59 años (44,6%), con estancia inferior a cinco días (51,8%) en el centro de salud. Respecto al resultado clínico, hubo una mayor frecuencia en pacientes que recibieron el alta hospitalaria (69,5%). En cuanto a la sintomatología de ingreso, predominó temperatura corporal inferior a 38 °C (91,6%). Además, hubo frecuentes relatos de cefalea (64,9%), malestar respiratorio (58,1%) y tos (79,8%). Se constató que el perfil de los hospitalizados fue el alta hospitalaria, edad de entre 40 y 59 años, estancia inferior a cinco días, sin comorbilidades. En cuanto a los síntomas, hubo mayor prevalencia de cefalea, malestar respiratorio, sin disgeusia. Respecto a la oxigenoterapia, hubo un uso significativo de la oxigenación extracorpórea.

Indicator performance after the implementation of the Spanish Consensus Document for the control of hyperglycemia in the hospital and at discharge. / Rendimiento de los indicadores tras la implementación del Documento de consenso español para el control de la hiperglucemia en el hospital y al alta.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Information for the adequate management of diabetic patients at hospital discharge is limited. We aimed to evaluate the impact of implementation of recommendations of the Spanish consensus for the management hospital discharge in patients with type 2 diabetes or hyperglycaemia during hospitalization. METHODS: Observational multicentric study with a prospective and a retrospective colection of patients with type 2 diabetes /hyperglycaemia (>140mg/dl) during hospitalization from 19 Spanish hospitals. Quality indicators in discharge report, antidiabetic therapy, HbA1c and adverse events were gathered at hospital admission, hospital discharge and 3 month post-discharge. RESULTS: 199 and 75 subjects in the prospective and retrospective group respectively were included. The indicators of quality in the hospital discharge reports was higher in the prospective group (P<.001). The proportion of patients with insulin, oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), and insulin+OADs was modified at discharge in patients with HbA1c<7.5% (P<.005) and ≥7.5% (P<.001) in the prospective group and in patients with HbA 1c ≥7.5% (P<.001) in the retrospective group. At 3 month post-discharge HbA1c levels decreased from 8.2±1.9% to 7.3±1.2% (P<.001) in the prospective group, and from 8.3±1.5% to 7.2±1.2% (P<.001) in the retrospective group. Hypoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic episodes and hospital readmissions were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of Spanish consensus recommendations for the management of hospital discharge in patients with diabetes type 2 or hyperglycaemia considerably improved the registration of quality indicators in the discharge report. Reconciliation of antidiabetic medication at the time of hospital discharge, improves glycaemic control after hospital discharge.

Expectativas e Planejamento da Alta em Saúde Mental: Perspectiva dos Pacientes / Expectations and Planning for Mental Health Discharge: Patients' Perspective

Resumo: Este estudo tem o objetivo de conhecer e compreender a experiência da internação psiquiátrica parcial em Hospital-Dia sob a perspectiva de pacientes em momento que antecedeu a alta, com foco nas expectativas e no planejamento sobre esse evento. Participaram do estudo oito pessoas internadas em um Hospital-Dia que tinham a alta programada. Cada participante respondeu individualmente a uma entrevista aberta. Os dados foram analisados pelo método de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Os participantes expressaram sentimentos ambíguos despertados pela proximidade da alta, como a insegurança de perder o apoio do serviço e a satisfação pelo fim do tratamento hospitalar. Observou-se a valorização de práticas e posturas que consideraram o paciente enquanto pessoa situada em uma história, abarcando relações afetivas, expectativas, frustrações e planos futuros. Conhecer como os pacientes vivenciam a alta contribui para que tal evento seja considerado um processo imbricado em uma experiência histórica e social, sinalizando a relevância do cuidado ampliado, longitudinal e integral.

Abstract: This study aimed to know and understand patients' perspectives of their experiences of partial psychiatric hospitalization in a daycare hospital preceding discharge and focused on expectations and on planning about this event. In total, eight people hospitalized in a daycare hospital who were scheduled to be discharged participated in this study. Each participant answered an open interview. The data were analyzed by thematic content analysis. Participants expressed ambiguous feelings by the proximity of their discharge, such as insecurity of losing service support and satisfaction with the end of the hospital treatment. Patients appreciated the practices and postures that considered them a person situated in a story, encompassing affective relationships, expectations, frustrations, and future plans. Understanding how patients experience discharge contributes to considering this event as a process intertwined in a historical and social experience, signaling the relevance of extended, longitudinal, and comprehensive care.

Resumen: Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer y comprender la experiencia de la internación psiquiátrica parcial en Hospital de Día desde la perspectiva de los pacientes al momento en que antecedió el alta, con enfoque en las expectativas y en la planificación sobre este evento. Participaron en el estudio ocho personas internadas en un Hospital de Día que iban a recibir el alta. Cada participante respondió individualmente a una entrevista abierta. Se utilizó el método de análisis de contenido temático. Los participantes expresaron sentimientos ambiguos despertados por la proximidad del alta, como la inseguridad de perder el apoyo del servicio y la satisfacción por el fin del tratamiento hospitalario. Se observó la valorización de prácticas y posturas que comprenden al paciente como persona con una historia, que abarca relaciones afectivas, expectativas, frustraciones y planes futuros. Conocer cómo los pacientes perciben el alta permite ubicar el evento en un proceso que involucra una experiencia histórica y social, señalando la relevancia del cuidado ampliado, longitudinal e integral.

Conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem na alta hospitalar de crianças dependentes de tecnologia / Knowledge of nursing professionals in hospital discharge of technology-dependent children / Conocimientos de los profesionales de enfermería en el alta hospitalaria de niños dependientes de tecnología

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem no preparo para alta hospitalar de crianças dependentes de tecnologias. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo e exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, realizado a partir do ponto de vista de profissionais de enfermagem atuam na clínica pediátrica de um Hos- pital Universitário, localizado no estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Resultados: As participantes eram todas do sexo feminino, sendo elas quatro enfermeiras e quatro técnicas de enfer- magem. Os dados foram organizados em categorias temáticas de acordo com Minayo. Elegeram-se duas categorias: conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre a alta hospi- talar segura de crianças dependentes de tecnologias e ações de enfermagem na promoção à alta hospitalar segura de crianças dependentes de tecnologias. Conclusão: A inexistência de um fluxo ou protocolo assistencial dificulta o processo de orientações dos familiares no retorno ao domicílio, impossibilitando a capacitação adequada para a realização do cuidado.

Objective: to analyze the knowledge of the nursing team in preparation for hospital discharge of technology-dependent children. Methods: This is a descriptive and exploratory research with a qualitative approach, carried out from the point of view of nursing professionals working in the pediatric clinic of a University Hospital, located in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Results: The participants were all female, four nurses and four nursing technicians. Data were organized into thematic categories according to Minayo. Two categories were chosen: knowledge of the nursing team about the safe hospital discharge of technology-dependent children and nursing actions to promote safe hospital discharge of technology-dependent children. Conclusion: The lack of a care flow or protocol makes it difficult for family members to guide them back home, making it impossible to provide adequate training to provide care.

Objetivo: analizar el conocimiento del equipo de enfermería en la preparación para el alta hospitalaria de niños dependientes de tecnología. Métodos: Se trata de una investigación descriptiva y exploratoria con enfoque cualitativo, realizada desde el punto de vista de los profesionales de enfermería que actúan en la clínica pediátrica de un Hospital Universitario, ubicado en el estado de Paraíba, Brasil. Resultados: Los participantes fueron todos del sexo femenino, cuatro enfermeros y cuatro técnicos de enfermería. Los datos fueron organizados en categorías temáticas según Minayo. Fueron elegidas dos categorías: conocimiento del equipo de enfermería sobre el alta hospitalaria segura de niños dependientes de tecnología y acciones de enfermería para promover el alta hospitalaria segura de niños dependientes de tecnología. Conclusión: La falta de un flujo o protocolo de atención dificulta que los familiares los guíen de regreso a casa, imposibilitando la capacitación adecuada para brindar el cuidado.

Sistematização do preparo a alta à pessoa adulta com agravos clínicos e cirúrgicos / Systematization of discharge preparation for adults with clinical and surgical problems

Objetivo: O objetivo desse trabalho é descrever a sistematização do preparo a alta à pessoa adulta com agravos clínicos e cirúrgicos. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência através da aplicação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE), voltado para pessoas com alta no contexto hospitalar. Resultados e discussão: Foi aplicado a teoria da adaptação nas seis fases da Teoria de Calista Roy e foi elaborado diagnósticos de enfermagem para os quatro modos de adaptação: fisiológico, interdependência, autoconceito e função de papel. Considerações finais: Ao aplicar a SAE no indivíduo com alta hospitalar a equipe multidisciplinar deve realizá-lo em todas as suas etapas, e utilizar os protocolos para oferecer um cuidado holístico e integral, visando a promoção da saúde, prevenção de risco potencial e adaptação diante das necessidades em saúde.(AU)

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the systematization of discharge preparation for adults with clinical and surgical conditions. Methodology: This is an experience report on the application of the Systematization of Nursing Care (SNC) to people being discharged from hospital. Results and discussion: The theory of adaptation was applied in the six phases of Calista Roy's theory and nursing diagnoses were drawn up for the four modes of adaptation: physiological, interdependence, self-concept and role function. Final considerations: When applying the SNC to individuals discharged from hospital, the multidisciplinary team must carry it out in all its stages, and use the protocols to offer holistic and comprehensive care, with a view to promoting health, preventing potential risks and adapting to health needs.(AU)

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es describir la sistematización de la preparación al alta de adultos con patologías clínicas y quirúrgicas. Metodología: Se trata de un informe de experiencia sobre la aplicación de la Sistematización de los Cuidados de Enfermería (SNC) a personas en proceso de alta hospitalaria. Resultados y discusión: Se aplicó la teoría de la adaptación en las seis fases de la teoría de Calista Roy y se elaboraron diagnósticos de enfermería para los cuatro modos de adaptación: fisiológica, interdependencia, autoconcepto y función de rol. Consideraciones finales: Al aplicar el SNC a las personas con alta hospitalaria, el equipo multidisciplinar debe llevarlo a cabo en todas sus fases, y utilizar los protocolos para ofrecer una atención holística e integral, dirigida a la promoción de la salud, la prevención de riesgos potenciales y la adaptación a las necesidades de salud.(AU)

Transição do cuidado à mulher no período puerperal na alta hospitalar / Transición de la atención a la mujer en el período puerperal al alta hospitalaria / Transition of care for women in the puerperal period at hospital discharge

Resumo Objetivo descrever as atividades dos enfermeiros na transição do cuidado à puérpera da atenção hospitalar para os demais serviços da Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Método pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, desenvolvida no alojamento conjunto de um hospital universitário federal na região Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados remotamente, entre novembro e dezembro de 2020, por meio de um questionário semiestruturado via plataforma eletrônica SurveyMonkey com cinco enfermeiros e quatro enfermeiros residentes. A análise seguiu a estrutura de conteúdo de Bardin, com apoio do software Qualitativa Data Analysis Miner. Resultados as atividades desenvolvidas pelos enfermeiros na transição do cuidado à puérpera incluíram as orientações de alta e ações educativas às puérperas. Elementos como a falta de comunicação entre os profissionais do alojamento conjunto e dos demais serviços da Rede de Atenção à Saúde e a sobrecarga de trabalho dos enfermeiros foram considerados barreiras para a transição do cuidado à puérpera. Conclusão e implicações para a prática apesar de os enfermeiros empreenderem esforços na transição do cuidado à puérpera por meio de orientações e educação para a alta, é essencial o delineamento de estratégias gerenciais, a fim de implementar um conjunto de ações sistematizadas para assegurar a continuidade do cuidado à puérpera.

Resumen Objetivo describir las actividades de los enfermeros en la transición de la atención hospitalaria a los demás servicios de la Red de Atención a la Salud de la puérpera. Método investigación exploratoria-descriptiva, desarrollada en el alojamiento conjunto de un hospital universitario federal en la región sur de Brasil. Los datos se recolectaron de forma remota, entre noviembre y diciembre de 2020, a través de un cuestionario semiestructurado a través de la plataforma electrónica SurveyMonkey con cinco enfermeras y cuatro enfermeras residentes. El análisis siguió la estructura de contenido de Bardin, con el apoyo del software Qualitative Data AnalysisMiner. Resultados las actividades realizadas por los enfermeros en la transición del cuidado a la puérpera incluyeron orientaciones de alta y acciones educativas para la puérpera. Elementos como la falta de comunicación entre los profesionales del alojamiento conjunto y otros servicios de la Red de Atención a la Salud y la carga de trabajo de los enfermeros fueron considerados barreras para la transición del cuidado a la puérpera. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica si bien los enfermeros realizan esfuerzos en la transición del cuidado a la puérpera a través de la orientación y educación para el alta, es fundamental delinear estrategias de gestión para implementar un conjunto de acciones sistematizadas para garantizar la continuidad del cuidado posparto.

Abstract Objective to describe nurses' activities in transition of care for puerperal women from hospital care to other services in the health care network. Method exploratory-descriptive research, developed in the rooming-in of a federal university hospital in southern Brazil. Data were collected remotely, between November and December 2020, through a semi-structured questionnaire via the SurveyMonkey electronic platform with five nurses and four resident nurses. Analysis followed Bardin's content structure with the support of Qualitative Data Analysis Miner software. Results the activities carried out by nurses in transition of care for puerperal women included discharge guidelines and educational actions for puerperal women. Elements such as lack of communication between rooming-in professionals and other services in the Health Care Network and nurses' workload were considered barriers to transition of care to puerperal women. Conclusion and implications for practice although nurses undertake efforts in transition of care to puerperal women through guidance and education for discharge, it is essential to outline management strategies in order to implement a set of systematized actions to ensure continuity of care for puerperal women.

Validation of a checklist for responsible hospital discharge in a neonatal intensive care unit / Validación de una lista de verifiación para el alta hospitalaria responsable en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales / Validação de um checklist para alta hospitalar responsável em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal

ABSTRACT Objective: to create and validate a checklist for responsible hospital discharge processes in a neonatal intensive care unit. Method: a methodological study conducted from March to June 2022, in four phases: 1) Selection of topics relevant to the health of newborns discharged from the intensive care unit; 2) Elaboration of the first version of the checklist; 3) Content validation with expert judges by applying the Content Validity Index (CVI), accepting values > 0.8 per item; and 4) Correction and reformulation of the final version. The assessment instrument was structured by means of a Likert-type scale. The validation process was performed in electronic and printed means by approaching the evaluators within the neonatal unit, totaling 16 participants. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. Results: the checklist was validated with an overall Content Validity Index of 0.87. Analyzing the items individually, the following Content Validity Index values were found: 0.92 in the objectives, 0.89 for language, 0.84 for the content, 0.79 for relevance, 0.90 for layout, 0.94 for motivation and 0.88 for culture. Conclusion: the checklist presented favorable Content Validity Index values in the vast majority of the evaluation criteria, with the exception of relevance. However, it is noted that it can be implemented and tends to contribute to a responsible discharge process.

RESUMEN Objetivo: elaborar y validar una lista de verificación para el proceso de alta hospitalaria responsable en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales. Método: estudio metodológico realizado de marzo a junio de 2022 en cuatro etapas: 1) Selección de temas relevantes a la salud de neonatos que reciben el alta de una unidad de cuidados intensivos; 2) Elaboración de la primera versión de la lista de verificación; 3) Validación del contenido con jueces especialistas aplicando el Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC), aceptándose valores > 0,8 por ítem; y 4) Corrección y reformulación de la versión final. El instrumento para la evaluación se estructuró por medio de una escala tipo Likert. La validación se realizó por medios electrónico e impreso acercándose a los jueces dentro de la unidad neonatal, totalizando 16 participantes. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la lista de verificación se validó con un Índice de Validez de Contenido general de 0,87. Cuando se analizaron los ítems individualmente se encontraron los siguientes valores de IVC: 0,92 en los objetivos; 0,89 para el lenguaje; 0,84 para el contenido; 0,79 para la relevancia; 0,90 para el diseño; 0,94 para la motivación; y 0,88 para la cultura. Conclusión: la lista de verificación obtuvo un Índice de Validez de Contenido favorable en la amplia mayoría de los criterios de evaluación, con la única excepción del aspecto de la relevancia. Sin embargo, se destaca que puede ser implementado y tiende a contribuir a un proceso de alta hospitalaria responsable.

RESUMO Objetivo: construir e validar um checklist para o processo de alta hospitalar responsável em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Método: estudo metodológico realizado no período de março a junho de 2022 em quatro etapas: 1) seleção de temas relevantes à saúde do neonato egresso da unidade de terapia intensiva; 2) construção da primeira versão do checklist; 3) validação de conteúdo com juízes especialistas mediante à aplicação do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, aceitando-se o valor de > 0,8 por item; 4) correção e reformulação da versão final. O instrumento para avaliação foi estruturado por meio de uma escala, tipo Likert. A validação foi realizada por meio eletrônico e impresso com abordagem pelos juízes dentro da unidade neonatal, totalizando 16 participantes. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se a estatística descritiva. Resultados: o checklist foi validado com IVC geral de 0,87. Analisando-se os itens individualmente foi encontrado o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de 0,92 nos objetivos, 0,89 para linguagem, 0,84 para o conteúdo, 0,79 para a relevância, 0,90 para o layout, 0,94 para a motivação e 0,88 para a cultura. Conclusão: o checklist apresentou Índice de Validade de Conteúdo favorável na grande maioria dos critérios de avaliação, com exceção apenas da relevância. Entretanto, destaca-se que o mesmo pode ser implementado e tende a contribuir para um processo de alta responsável.

Transición del cuidado de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas y su relación con las características clínicas y sociodemográficas / Transition of care of patients with chronic diseases and its relation with clinical and sociodemographic characteristics / Transição do cuidado de pacientes com doenças crônicas e sua relação com as características clínicas e sociodemográficas

Objetivo: evaluar la transición del cuidado desde la perspectiva de las personas que viven con enfermedades crónicas e identificar su relación con las características clínicas y sociodemográficas. Método: estudio transversal, con 487 pacientes dados de alta de un hospital. Se utilizaron los instrumentos de caracterización clínica, sociodemográfica y Care Transitions Measure-15, que mide los factores Preparación para el automanejo, Preferencias aseguradas, Comprensión sobre medicamentos y Plan de cuidados. Análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: la transición del cuidado fue satisfactoria (76,8±10,4). Media de factores: Preparación para el automanejo (82,2±10,8), Preferencias aseguradas (84,7±14,3), Comprensión sobre medicamentos (75,7±13,7) y Plan de Cuidados (64,5±13,2). Pacientes del sexo femenino presentaron mayor promedio en el factor comprensión sobre medicamentos. Los blancos y los residentes en áreas urbanas calificaron mejor el Plan de cuidados. La media más alta se observó para el factor Preferencias aseguradas (84,7±14,3) y la más baja para el factor Plan de cuidados (64,5±13,2). En todos los factores se encontraron diferencias significativas en las variables (paciente quirúrgico, tener artefactos clínicos y no estar hospitalizado por COVID-19). Los pacientes internados hasta cinco días presentaron diferencia estadística en los factores Preparación para el automanejo y Comprensión sobre medicamentos. En los pacientes que no reingresaron dentro de los 30 días posteriores al alta, la preparación para el automanejo fue mejor. Cuanto mejor sea la preparación para el automanejo, menores serán las tasas de reingreso a los 30 días. Conclusión: en pacientes que viven con enfermedades crónicas, variables sociodemográficas y clínicas están asociadas a la transición del cuidado. Los pacientes que evaluaron mejor la preparación para el automanejo tuvieron menos reingresos dentro de los 30 días.

Objective: evaluate the transition of care from the perspective of people living with chronic diseases and identify its relation with clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. Method: cross-sectional study with 487 patients who were discharged from a hospital. Clinical and sociodemographic characterization instruments were used, as well as the Care Transitions Measure-15, which measures Preparation for self-management, Secured preferences, Understanding about medications and Care plan factors. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: the transition of care was satisfactory (76.8±10.4). Average of the factors: Preparation for self-management (82.2±10.8), Secured preferences (84.7±14.3), Understanding about medications (75.7±13.7) and Care plan (64.5±13.2). Female patients had a higher average in the understanding about medications factor. Whites and residents in the urban area better evaluated the Care plan factor. The highest mean was observed for the Secured preferences factor (84.7±14.3) and the lowest for the Care plan factor (64.5±13.2). In all factors, significant differences were found in the variables (surgical patient, carrying clinical artifacts and not being hospitalized for COVID-19). Patients hospitalized for up to five days showed statistical difference in Preparation for self-management and Understanding about medications factors. In patients who were not readmitted within 30 days of discharge, Preparation for self-management was better. The better the Preparation for self-management, the lower the 30-day readmission rates. Conclusion: in patients living with chronic diseases, sociodemographic and clinical variables are associated with the transition of care. Patients who better evaluated preparation for self-management had fewer readmissions within 30 days.

Objetivo: avaliar a transição do cuidado na perspectiva de pessoas que vivem com doenças crônicas e identificar sua relação com as características clínicas e sociodemográficas. Método: estudo transversal, com 487 pacientes que receberam alta de um hospital. Foram utilizados instrumentos de caracterização clínica, sociodemográfica e Care Transitions Measure-15, que mensura os fatores Preparo para o autogerenciamento, Preferências asseguradas, Entendimento das medicações e Plano de cuidados. Análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a transição do cuidado foi satisfatória (76,8±10,4). Média dos fatores: preparo para o autogerenciamento (82,2±10,8), Preferências asseguradas (84,7±14,3), Entendimento das medicações (75,7±13,7) e Plano de Cuidados (64,5±13,2). Pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram média superior no fator entendimento sobre medicações. Brancos e residentes na zona urbana avaliaram melhor o Plano de cuidados. Observou-se a maior média no fator Preferências asseguradas (84,7±14,3) e a menor no fator Plano de cuidados (64,5±13,2). Em todos os fatores, foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas variáveis (paciente cirúrgico, portar artefatos clínicos e não estar internado por COVID-19). Pacientes internados até cinco dias apresentaram diferença estatística nos fatores Preparação para o autogerenciamento e Entendimento das medicações. Em pacientes que não apresentaram reinternação em 30 dias após a alta, o Preparo para o autogerenciamento foi melhor. Quanto melhor o Preparo para o autogerenciamento, menores são os índices de reinternação em 30 dias. Conclusão: em pacientes que vivem com doenças crônicas, variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas estão associadas à transição do cuidado. Pacientes que avaliaram melhor o preparo para autogerenciamento tiveram menos reinternações em 30 dias.

[Hospital discharge criteria for very low birth weight newborns]. / Criterios de alta hospitalaria para el recién nacido de muy bajo peso al nacimiento.

Hospital discharge criteria for the pre-term newborn are mainly based on physiological competences (thermoregulation, respiratory stability, and feeding skills), although family support and ability to care for the baby, as well as a well-planned discharge are also cornerstones to ensure a successful discharge. In this article, the Committee of Standards of the Spanish Society of Neonatology reviews the current hospital discharge criteria in order for it to be useful as a clinical guide in Spanish neonatal units.

Plan de egreso: herramienta del cuidado - diada con enfermedad crónica / Discharge Plan: A Care Tool - Chronic Disease Dyad / Plano de saída: ferramenta de cuidados - diácono com doença crônica. Estudo pseudo-experimental

Introducción: La OMS reporta incremento de las enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles, dada su complejidad, los pacientes presentan constantes hospitalizaciones, por lo cual es necesario fortalecer la competencia del cuidado de la enfermedad tanto del paciente como del cuidador en el hogar a través del programa plan de egreso. Objetivo: determinar el cambio en la competencia para el cuidado posterior a la implementación de herramienta plan de egreso para el cuidado en el hogar de la diada persona-cuidador familiar en situación de cronicidad en una institución de segundo nivel de atención. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de abordaje cuantitativo, seudo-experimental, con diseño de pruebas pre-test y pos-test, aplicando los instrumentos de "caracterización diada paciente-cuidador" y "Cuidar". La población correspondió a 62 diadas. Muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia. Se calculó del delta pre-post y se utilizó t-Student pareada para comparar. Resultados: el programa plan de egreso aumentó en el paciente las dimensiones de Conocimiento con un delta de 3.2 y Unicidad de 3,0 y competencia de cuidado global en 10,3; mientras que las competencias del cuidador familiar mejoraron en las dimensiones de Conocimiento con un delta de 3.34, Unicidad con delta 1.5, la dimensión de Disfrute con 1.7 y la de Reciprocidad ­Relación con un delta de 1.61 para un total en la competencia de 9.2. Discusión y conclusiones: Estos hallazgos sugieren fortalecer el programa plan de egreso, durante la hospitalización y alta con el propósito de mejorar la competencia para cuidar en el hogar tanto del paciente como su cuidador familiar en situación de cronicidad.

Introduction: The WHO reports an increase in chronic non-communicable diseases. Given the complexity of these diseases, patients are constantly hospitalized; therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the competence of both patients and caregivers at home to take care of the disease using the program "discharge plan." Objective: To determine the change in care competency following the implementation of the tool "discharge plan" in a second-level care facility for in-home care of the chronically ill person and family caregiver dyad. Materials and Methods: Quantitative, quasi-experimental study, with pre-test and post-test design, using the "Characterization of the patient-caregiver dyad" form and the "CUIDAR" instrument. The population consisted of 62 dyads. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used. Pre- and post-delta was calculated, and paired Student t-test was used for comparison. Results: The "discharge plan" program increased the patients' dimensions of Knowledge by a delta of 3.2, Uniqueness by 3.0, and total care competency by 10.3. Family caregivers' competencies improved in the dimensions of Knowledge by a delta of 3.34, Uniqueness by 1.5, Enjoyment by 1.7, and Reciprocity-relationship by 1.61, for a total competency score of 9.2. Discussion and conclusions: These findings suggest that the discharge plan program must be strengthened during hospitalization and discharge to improve the homecare competency of chronically ill patients and their family caregivers.

Introdução: A OMS relata um aumento nas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, dada sua complexidade, os pacientes apresentam hospitalizações constantes, razão pela qual é necessário reforçar a competência de atendimento tanto do paciente quanto do cuidador em casa através do programa do plano de alta. Objetivo: determinar a mudança na competência de prestação de cuidados após a implementação de uma ferramenta de plano de alta para o cuidado domiciliar da díade pessoa-família cuidadora em uma instituição de cuidados de segundo nível. Materiais e Métodos: Um estudo de abordagem quantitativa, pseudo-experimental, com um projeto pré-teste e pós-teste, aplicando os instrumentos "caracterização da díade paciente-cuidador" e "Cuidar". A população correspondia a 62 díades. Amostragem de conveniência não-probabilística. O delta pré-post foi calculado e foi utilizado o par t-Student para comparação. Resultados: o programa do plano de alta hospitalar aumentou as dimensões do Conhecimento do paciente com um delta de 3,2 e a exclusividade de 3,0 e a competência global de prestação de cuidados em 10,3; enquanto as competências dos cuidadores familiares melhoraram nas dimensões do Conhecimento com um delta de 3,34, a exclusividade com delta 1,5, a dimensão de prazer com 1,7 e a relação de reciprocidade com um delta de 1,61 para uma competência total de 9,2. Discussão e conclusões: Estas descobertas sugerem o fortalecimento do programa do plano de alta, durante a hospitalização e alta com o objetivo de melhorar a competência para cuidar em casa tanto do paciente quanto de seu cuidador familiar em uma situação de cronicidade.

Efectos de un programa de rehabilitación remota en atención primaria en salud, posterior al alta hospitalaria por COVID-19: estudio observacional / Effects of a remote rehabilitation program in primary health care, after hospital discharge due to COVID-19: observational study

Se ha reportado un importante daño sistémico de los pacientes afectados por COVID-19, y aún existen interrogantes sobre las secuelas a largo plazo. Surge ante esto la necesidad de plantear programas de rehabilitación de los sistemas primarios de atención, que respondan a estas necesidades. Se realizó un programa de 6 semanas de rehabilitación remota, con seguimiento y progreso semanal, posterior al alta hospitalaria por COVID-19 a 114 usuarios de 4 centros de atención primaria de la comuna de El Bosque, Santiago, R. Metropolitana. Se incluyó a pacientes de edades entre 21 y 93 años, combinando los principios del ejercicio terapéutico individualizado, una evaluación presencial previo y posterior a las 6 semanas de trabajo. Los indicadores evaluados fueron: Minimental Abreviado, 1 Minute Sit to Stand Test (1min STST), Timed Up and Go (TUG), índice de Barthel y FRAIL. Se hicieron análisis inferenciales y descriptivos y se encontraron mejoras favorables en los indicadores de condición física (TUG y 1'STST), Índice de Barthel y el Simple "FRAIL" Questionnaire Screening Tool (FRAIL). En conclusión, si bien la mayoría de los indicadores tuvieron resultados favorables, es necesario seguir estudiando herramientas de evaluación más sensibles e intervenciones específicas que se adapten a las necesidades de las personas.

Significant systemic damage has been reported in patients affected by COVID-19, and questions remain about long-term sequelae. Therefore, the need arises to propose rehabilitation programs for primary care systems that respond to these needs. A 6-week program of remote rehabilitation, with weekly follow-up and progress, after hospital discharge for COVID-19 was carried out on 114 users from 4 primary care centers in the commune of El Bosque, Santiago, Chile. The program included patients from 21 to 93 years-old, combining the principles of individualized therapeutic exercise, a face-to-face evaluation before and after 6 weeks of work. The indicators evaluated were: Abbreviated Minimental, 1 minute Sit to Stand Test (1 min STST), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Barthel index and the Simple "FRAIL" Questionnaire Screening Tool (FRAIL). Inferential and descriptive analyses were carried out and favorable improvements were found in the indicators of physical condition (TUG and 1min STST), Barthel Index and FRAIL. In conclusion, while most of the indicators had favorable results, it is required to further explore more sensitive assessment tools and targeted interventions that are tailored to people's needs.

Recuperación laboral clínica y funcional a 3 meses del alta en pacientes hospitalizados por neumonía por SARS-CoV-2: relación con la terapia recibida / Clinical and functional recovery and return to work 3 months after discharge in patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: relationship with the therapy received

Resumen Introducción: La presentación clínica de neumonía por COVID-19 ha sido bien documentada; sin embargo, sus repercusiones a largo plazo son aún motivo de investigación. Objetivo: Evaluar la recuperación laboral, clínica y funcional respiratoria, a 3 meses del egreso de pacientes hospitalizados por neumonía por SARS-CoV-2, en relación con la terapia ventilatoria recibida. Pacientes y Métodos: Se analizó una cohorte prospectiva de 116 pacientes con neumonía por COVID-19 del Hospital Naval Almirante Nef de Viña del Mar, con seguimiento clínico y funcional respiratorio 3 meses después de su alta. Resultados: Mediana del seguimiento: 100 días. Constitución de la cohorte: 75 hombres, mediana de edad 60 años, 50% obesos, 34,5% fumadores y 13,8% con comorbilidad respiratoria. 16% recibió rehabilitación. Se reportó disnea en 48,3% y fatigabilidad en 33,6%. Solo 54,8% retornó al trabajo. El 65,2% que utilizó oxigenoterapia (O2) volvió a trabajar comparado con 44% que utilizó cánula nasal de alto flujo (CNAF) y 33,3% con ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI). Mayoritariamente el grupo de O2 volvió a la vida normal en comparación con CNAF y VMI (71,4 versus 17,5% y 11,1% respectivamente). La función pulmonar fue normal en 39 pacientes (33,6%). La serie que volvió a vida normal tuvo mayor porcentaje de DLCO y test de caminata de 6 minutos normales. En comparación con la serie O2, la serie CNAF tuvo mayor frecuencia de alteración de DLCO (OR = 5) seguido por la serie VMI (OR = 3,6). Conclusión: A 3 meses de seguimiento, se evidenció ausentismo laboral, persistencia de síntomas y alteración funcional respiratoria (DLCO), especialmente en quienes recibieron soporte ventilatorio adicional a oxigenoterapia.

Introduction: The clinical presentation of COVID-19 pneumonia has been well documented; however, its long-term repercussions are still a matter of investigation. Objective: to evaluate the occupational, clinical and functional respiratory recovery, 3 months after the discharge of patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, in relation to the ventilatory therapy received. Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort of 116 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia from Hospital Naval Almirante Nef (Viña del Mar, Chile) was analyzed, with clinical and functional respiratory follow-up at 3 months after being discharged. Results: Median follow-up: 100 days. Composition of the cohort: 75 men, median age 60 years-old, 50% obese, 34.5% smokers and 13.8% with respiratory comorbidity. 16% received rehabilitation. Dyspnea was reported in 48.3% and fatigue in 33.6%. Only 54.8% returned to work. 65.2% who used oxygen therapy (O2) returned to work compared to 44% who used high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and 33.3% with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Mostly the O2 group returned to normal life compared to HFNC and VMI (71.4 versus 17.5% and 11.1% respectively). Lung function was normal in 39 patients (33.6%). The series that returned to normal life had higher percentage of normal DLCO and six-minute walk test. Compared to the O2 series, the CNAF series had a higher frequency of DLCO alteration (OR = 5) followed by the VMI series (OR = 3.6). Conclusion: At 3 months of follow-up, absenteeism from work, persistence of symptoms and respiratory functional alteration (DLCO) were evident, especially in those who received ventilatory support in addition to oxygen therapy.

Preparo para alta de crianças com doenças crônicas: olhar freiriano em aspectos influenciadores do cuidado no domicílio / Preparing for the discharge of children with chronic diseases from hospital: looking at aspects influencing home care through a Freirean lens / Preparación para alta de niños con enfermedades crónicas: mirada freiriana en aspectos que influyen en el cuidado a domicilio

Estudo qualitativo que analisou aspectos envolvidos no preparo para alta hospitalar de crianças com doenças crônicas que influenciam o cuidado no domicílio. Dados das entrevistas de 25 famílias foram interpretados segundo análise temática indutiva e referenciais freirianos. Identificaram-se aspectos do processo de hospitalização, como engajamento e postura dos profissionais no encontro com os familiares e atitude da família frente ao saber dos profissionais; da família, como tempo de diagnóstico da doença, conhecimento construído na hospitalização, literacia em saúde familiar, atitude para superar o medo inicial e envolvimento da criança no autocuidado; e da rede social familiar, que influenciaram a (re)moldagem do cuidado domiciliar. Compreende-se a necessidade de superar a visão bancária no preparo para alta hospitalar, para a família desenvolver seu potencial e transformar a realidade dos cuidados domiciliares dessas crianças.(AU)

This qualitative study analyzed aspects influencing home care involved in preparing for the discharge of children with chronic diseases from hospital. Data from interviews with 25 families were interpreted using inductive thematic analysis and a Freirean frame of reference. We identified aspects of the hospitalization process (staff engagement and posture with family members, family attitudes towards health professionals' knowledge) and the family (length of time to diagnosis, knowledge gained during hospitalization, family health literacy, attitudes to overcoming initial fear, and child involvement in self-care and his/her social network, which influence (re)shaping of home care). The findings reveal the need to overcome the "banking" vision in preparing for hospital discharge so that families can develop their potential and transform the reality of home care for these children.(AU)

Estudio cualitativo que analizó aspectos envueltos en la preparación para el alta hospitalaria de niños con enfermedades crónicas que influyen en el cuidado en el domicilio. Se interpretaron datos de las entrevistas con 25 familias según análisis temático inductivo y referenciales freirianos. Se identificaron los aspectos del proceso de hospitalización: el compromiso y la postura de los profesionales en el encuentro con los familiares y la actitud de la familia ante el saber de los profesionales; de la familia: tiempo de diagnóstico de la enfermedad, conocimiento construido en la hospitalización, alfabetización en salud familiar, actitud para superar el miedo inicial y el envolvimiento del niño en el autocuidado; así como de su red social que influyeron en el (re)moldeado del cuidado familiar. Se comprende la necesidad de superar la visión bancaria en la preparación para el alta hospitalaria, para que la familia desarrolle su potencial y transforme la realidad de los cuidados en domicilio de esos niños.(AU)

[Redesigning the hospital discharge process]. / Rediseño del proceso de alta hospitalaria.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to show that the redesign and planning process of hospital discharge advances the departure time of the patient from a hospital environment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Quasi-experimental study conducted from January 2011 to April 2013, in a local hospital. The cases analysed were from medical and surgical nursing units. The process was redesigned to coordinate all the professionals involved in the process. The hospital discharge improvement process improvement was carried out by forming a working group, the analysis of retrospective data, identifying areas for improvement, and its redesign. The dependent variable was the time of patient administrative discharge. The sample was classified as pre-intervention, inter-intervention, and post-intervention, depending on the time point of the study. RESULTS: The final sample included 14,788 patients after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean discharge release time decreased significantly by 50 min between pre-intervention and post-intervention periods. The release time in patients with planned discharge was one hour and 25 min less than in patients with unplanned discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Process redesign is a useful strategy to improve the process of hospital discharge. Besides planning the discharge, it is shown that the patient leaving the hospital before 12 midday is a key factor.