Trigger Finger Caused by Extraskeletal Chondroma.

Chondroma is a relatively rare, but well-reported benign neoplasm. This lesion normally occurs attached to bone; however, they may be rarely found without association to bone and embedded in soft tissue. The authors describe the case of a 76-year-old man in whom flexor tendon triggering was associated with an extraskeletal chondroma between the annular ligament and the flexor tendon.

Extraskeletal chondroma of the toe in a child with DICER1 tumor predisposition syndrome: support for a dominant negative mechanism.

DICER1 tumor predisposition syndrome is a pleiotropic disorder that gives rise to various mainly pediatric-onset lesions. We report an extraskeletal chondroma (EC) of the great toe occurring in a child who, unusually, carries a germline "hotspot" missense DICER1 variant rather than the more usual loss-of-function (LOF) variant. No heterozygous LOF allele was identified in the EC. We demonstrate this variant impairs 5p cleavage of precursor-miRNA (pre-miRNA) and competes with wild-type (WT) DICER1 protein for pre-miRNA processing. These results suggest a mechanism through which a germline RNase IIIb variant could impair pre-miRNA processing without complete LOF of the WT DICER1 allele.

Intracapsular Chondroma Occurring in Metacarpophalangeal Joint of the Hand: A Rare Presentation.

Extraskeletal chondroma comprises synovial chondromatosis, intracapsular chondroma and soft tissue chondroma, its presentation in the hand, however, is very rare. A 42-year-old woman presented with a mass around right fourth metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint. She had no pain or discomfort in activities. The radiographs showed soft tissue swelling, but no calcification or ossifying lesions. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lobulated juxta-cortical encircling mass existing around the fourth MCP joint. We did not suspect any cartilage-forming tumour in MRI. The mass was easily removed because there was no adhesion with surrounding tissues and the specimen had the appearance of a cartilage. The histological diagnosis was chondroma. Based on the tumour location and histological results, we diagnosed it as intracapsular chondroma. Although intracapsular chondroma is very rare-ly seen in the hands, it is important to consider an intracapsular chondroma when differentiating a tumour in the hand because it is difficult to diagnose one in an imaging examination. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic).

Posttraumatic extraskeletal chondroma of the posterior neck: A systematic literature review on a rare finding and report of a case.

Extraskeletal chondromas (EC) are uncommon, benign cartilaginous tumours. Most common locations are upper and lower extremities. Location in the neck is extremely rare and reported only within the anterior compartment. Data are limited to just four case reports in the paediatric population. The first case of EC in neck's posterior compartment is described herein. EC present peculiar features on imaging. Aetiology is unclear; however, trauma has been suggested as possible causative mechanism. Treatment of choice is surgical excision; recurrence is not uncommon, but additional removal seems to be resolutive. All cases in literature were asymptomatic, except for one presenting respiratory stridor. The present patient suffered from neck functional limitation and upper limb hypoesthesia. Symptoms improved after surgery in both cases. Imaging follow-up at 6 months in the present case showed no sign of recurrence. ECs are rare, benign lesions. However, they may be preoperatively misinterpreted as more malignant counterparts (both radiologically or histologically), so accurate diagnostic work-up and planning of the surgical procedure are essential.

A rare presentation of soft tissue chondroma: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Extraskeletal chondroma (ESC) is a benign, slow-growing cartilaginous tumor arising from tenosynovial sheaths. The aim of this article is to report and discuss a case of ESC affecting upper thigh. CASE REPORT: A 41-year-old male presented with a swelling in the medial aspect of the left thigh. On clinical examination, there was a 10 × 15 cm non-tender, hard, ill-defined mass in the medial aspect of the left upper thigh. Ultrasound showed a large well defined thick wall mass, located inside gracillis or adductor muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large well defined mass involving the adductor compartment of the upper thigh. The patient underwent wide local excision under spinal anesthesia. The histopathological examination of the specimen revealed binucleated chondrocytes with dots of calcification confirming ESC. DISCUSSION: There are many theories trying to explain the origin of ESC, as some authors think that it originates from the pluripotent cells of the tenosynovium, while others state that it may be derived from metaplasia of the tendon sheath. In this case, the lesion was completely surrounded by muscle fibers away from the nearby tendons. CONCLUSION: Extraskeletal chondroma is a rare benign lesion, although mostly affect the upper extremities, it can be found anywhere in the body, histopathological examination of the specimen is the diagnostic method of choice.

A Large Extraskeletal Chondroma: An Unusual Location in the Lower Extremity, Huge Extraskeletal Chondroma: An Unusual Localization in the Leg.

INTRODUCTION: Extraskeletal chondroma (EC) is a rare benign neoplasm predominantly composed of mature hyaline cartilage; it develops in the soft tissues without any connection to bone cortex, intra-articular synovium, or periosteum. To date, only few cases have been reported in the leg, mainly in the knee, thigh, and popliteal region. CASE REPORT: We describe herein the case of a 42-year-old woman with a 4-year history of a slow-growing, painful swelling on the posteromedial region of her left leg. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of a huge mass occupying soleus muscle, compressing, and displacing anteriorly gastrocnemius muscle. After an incisional diagnostic biopsy, a complete surgical excision of the tumor was performed. On the basis of clinicoradiological and morphological findings, a diagnosis of EC was made. CONCLUSION: This report represents a clinicoradiological and morphological analysis about a very rare huge EC arising in the posteromedial region of the leg.

Extraskeletal chondroma walling the temporomandibular joint: Report of a rare case and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: Extraskeletal or soft-tissue chondroma is a rare benign cartilaginous neoplasm which usually affects hands and feet. Scientific literature only reports one previous case of this pathology in the preauricular region. PRESENTATION OF THE CASE: This report describes a rare case of extraskeletal chondroma surrounding the temporomandibular joint of a 55-year-old female patient. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of extraskeletal chondroma is challenging since tissue swelling, diagnostic imaging and even histopathological features may be misleading for other joint or gland pathologies.

Para-articular extraskeletal chondroma mimicking first metatarsophalangeal synovitis.

Extraskeletal chondroma is a rare benign tumor with symptoms that could mimic other common musculoskeletal pathological entities. We present a rare case of an extraskeletal para-articular chondroma of the first metatarsophalangeal joint which was initially misinterpreted as joint synovitis, based on magnetic resonance imaging findings. Histology revealed benign chondroma of the foot, which was finally treated with radical surgical excision. More than 2 years postoperatively, no recurrence of the tumor has been encountered.

Extraskeletal Chondroma of the Index Finger: A Case Report.

Extraskeletal chondroma is defined as a rare, benign, cartilaginous tumor arising from soft tissues such as tendons, tendon sheath synovia, and joint capsules with no continuity to the periosteum or bone cortex. In histopathologic findings, the tumor exhibits many lobular structures and some parts similar to hyaline cartilage. Therefore, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate this tumor from low-grade chondrosarcoma because of their similar histopathologic findings. In order to prevent recurrence, it is necessary to remove the tumor as a whole, including the capsule, so as not to leave any remnants of the tumor. In this article, we report our treatment experience with a case of extraskeletal chondroma in the index finger of a 63-year-old patient.

[Tumor of the Parotid Gland]. / Raumforderung der Glandula parotis.

Salivary gland tumors are a rare, histologically heterogeneous group of tumors which constitute approximately 4­6 % of all head and neck neoplasms. In 2/3 of cases they are benign, especially in the parotid gland. We report about a rare tumor of the parotid gland presenting as an extraskeletal chondroma. Histologically there were multiple S 100 protein-positive nests of chondrocytes. The externally completed cytology suspected a pleomorphic adenoma, nevertheless, the final histopathological findings showed another tumor entity.

Extraskeletal chondroma on the sole of the foot.

UNLABELLED: A 47-year-old female presented with a solitary mass located in the plantar region of her left foot. The mass, which she noticed 2 years ago, grew gradually and caused increasing pain when bearing weight. Physical examination showed a 3.5-cm diameter tender nonmobile mass with firm consistency in the midplantar region. Radiographs showed a ring-like calcification compatible with cartilage tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lobulated mass with a hypointense signal on T1-weighted images and a hyperintense signal on T2-weighted images in the mid-substance of the plantar fascia. After a skin incision was performed, the mass was dissected from the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Then, a marginal excision was performed. The histological assessment reported chondrocytes within lacunae embedded in a chondroid matrix with focal calcification. The definitive diagnosis was extraskeletal chondroma. Plantar pain resolved within 3 months and no recurrence was found at the 1-year follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level IV, Case Report.

A case of auricular chondroma.

Extraskeletal chondroma is a rare benign tumor that develops in the soft tissues, and it manifests as a solitary subcutaneous nodule or a slowly growing tumor. It occurs preferentially in the hand and foot area of adults, and the development in the auricle is very rare. We report a rare case of chondroma that developed in the auricle, which were treated with wedge excision and reconstructed using a Burow's triangle, with a review of the literature.

Extraskeletal osteochondroma arising on the plantar region.

Extraskeletal osteochondroma is a variant of extraskeletal chondromas that are uncommon soft-tissue cartilaginous tumors. These tumors may undergo extensive enchondral ossification to form an extraskeletal osteochondroma. This report describes the case of a 39-year-old Japanese man with an extraskeletal osteochondroma arising on the plantar aspect of the foot.