Giant epidermoid cyst penetrating the skull: a case report and literature review.

Intracranial epidermoid cyst is a rare pseudotumor of the nervous system, accounting for 0.2%-1.8% of all intracranial tumors. It is usually located in the cerebellopontine Angle or parasellar area, with insipid onset, slow growth and usually less than 2 cm in diameter. Giant epidermoid cysts that invade the bone have rarely been reported in the literature. Herein, we report a case of giant ECs extradural to the parietal bone, penetrating the skull and continuing to expand outward. In addition, a systematic search of four authoritative databases was conducted to collect the relevant reports of giant epidermoid cyst with diameter > 5cm for the first time, and to discuss the clinical and radiographic features of patients with giant epidermoid cyst and the influence of treatment options.

Giant Epidermoid Cyst of the Scalp Growing for 76 Years.

Epidermoid cysts are prevalent noncancerous cutaneous lesions known to exhibit unusually extended periods of growth. In this study, we present a remarkable case of an epidermoid cyst located on the scalp, which exhibited a growth period of 76 years, the longest growth time documented in the literature to date. The presence of the mass was noted at birth, and it exhibited gradual growth throughout the years, with a notable acceleration observed during the final 2 years. The patient underwent a surgical excision, and the histopathological analysis was consistent with epidermoid cyst, featuring localized rupture and demonstrating foreign body granulomatous inflammation. This case highlights the ability of epidermoid cysts to manifest as slow-growing entities over an exceptionally prolonged timeframe. Furthermore, instances of rapid growth may be attributed to a combination of mass rupture and inflammatory processes.

Epidermoid Cyst in the Submandibular Region Mimicking Plunging Ranula: A Case Report.

Epidermoid cysts rarely present in the submandibular area, constituting approximately less than 7% of all cystic lesions in the head and neck region and less than 0.01% of all oral cavity cysts. Therefore, epidermoid cysts can be easily misdiagnosed, as the differential diagnosis for a submandibular area mass is very broad. Imaging can help define characteristics of the mass; however, a pathologic specimen is usually required for the final diagnosis. Surgical excision is often required and tolerated well by most patients. However, there is a risk of recurrence of the cyst after excision, as well as a rare chance for malignant transformation if not excised, which must be discussed with the patient at the time of diagnosis of epidermoid cyst. We present a 33-year-old Caucasian female with a left submandibular cystic mass measuring 4.7 cm x 2.9 cm, that was originally thought to be a plunging ranula and subsequently diagnosed as an epidermoid cyst. This report is meant to raise awareness of the possibility of a submandibular mass being an epidermoid cyst as well as appropriate workup, treatment, and prognosis of epidermoid cysts in the submandibular region. This report also describes a unique approach to a submandibular epidermoid cyst of which the submandibular gland is divided for access to the cyst for safe and effective excision. To the author's knowledge, this surgical approach has not been described in the literature for a submandibular epidermoid cyst.

Orbital Intradiploic Epidermoid Cyst: A Case Report of a Rare Entity.

Cranial epidermoid cysts are relatively rare. More frequently reported in middle-aged men with a wide variety of signs and symptoms such as headache, seizures, cerebellar and cranial nerve deficits/visual disturbance. The approach for surgical removal of the cyst depends on its size and location. In addition, a multidisciplinary team must be involved due to the common occurrence of misdiagnosis. We present the unusual age of presentation for intradiploic epidermoid cysts. A 14-year-old boy is complaining of a 2-month history of painless progressive swelling of the right eyebrow. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intradiploic cystic mass within the right frontal bone. The cystic mass was removed, and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst. This case illustrated the potential of developing intradiploic epidermoid cysts in pediatrics.

An Unusual Case of Sublingual Epidermoid Cyst Mimicking Plunging Ranula.

Epidermoid cyst in the oral cavity is uncommon. It is even more rare to see an epidermoid cyst in the sublingual region. We report the case of a 30-year-old male presenting with a swelling in the floor of the mouth extending into the submental and submandibular regions. The midline swelling was painless, soft, and dome-shaped. CT scan contrast revealed the site and extent of swelling. The complete surgical excision of the lesion was performed via a transcervical approach. Histopathology revealed cystic fibrocollagenous tissue covered by squamous epithelium containing some keratin flakes.

Abdominal giant epidermoid cyst with squamous epithelial heterogeneous proliferation carcinoma in part of the cyst wall: a case report.

Background: Epidermoid cysts, which are rarely malignant, are common skin cysts. A giant epidermoid cyst is an epidermoid cyst with a diameter of >5 cm. Case Description: The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, surgery, and postoperative pathological tissue of a 69-year-old man who presented with a giant epidermoid cyst in the abdomen with heterogeneous hyperplasia of squamous epithelium in part of the cyst wall. The only symptom experienced by the patient was local tenderness. The mass was hard and fixed, and its boundary was clear. By performing ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy, the cytopathological results of the abdominal goitre puncture fluid showed that there were heterogeneous proliferating squamous epithelial cells on the right side. The immunohistochemical examination results of the puncture tissue biopsy on the right side showed a squamous cell carcinoma. On 2020-3-23, a tension-free repair of the right abdominal wall goitre was performed under general anaesthesia. The patient was discharged on the fifth postoperative day. The postoperative pathological examination indicated the following: (I) calcified highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was observed in part of the cystic wall; (II) the medial fibrous tissue of the striated muscle was covered with well-differentiated squamous epithelium; (III) part of the cyst wall was broken with histiocytosis and foreign body giant cell reaction, with visible scattered keratosis; and (IV) some areas of squamous epithelium were heterogeneously proliferating carcinoma, exhibiting well-differentiated invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: As surgeons, it is crucial to remain vigilant and have a low threshold resection as well as thorough histological examination of specimens for early diagnosis and intervention, which can significantly improve patient outcomes.

Giant Epidermoid Cyst of the Posterior Fossa.

Epidermoids are rare intracranial neoplasms that grow slowly and present in the third to fifth decade of life. Giant epidermoid cysts are infrequent, and their occurrence in the posterior fossa is rare. We describe a similar case, where a patient presented with a long-standing history of headache, imbalance, and progressive weakness in the arms. Imaging revealed a giant space-occupying lesion in the posterior fossa measuring 6.25 cm x 7.56 cm x 6.8 cm, which was confirmed on histopathology to be an epidermoid cyst. The patient underwent suboccipital craniotomy extending up to the rectosigmoid junction to remove the same and was on a follow-up to check for recurrences.

Giant Epidermoid Cyst of Posterior Fossa-Our Experience and Literature Review.

INTRODUCTION: Intracranial epidermoid cysts are the most frequent congenital intracranial lesion. They rare and benign tumors that can present in different clinical situations depending on location and extension of the disease. Diagnosis is obtained with radiological imaging with RM and non-enhanced TC as elective investigating methods. Elective treatment is surgery, based on total/subtotal excision sparring healthy neurovascular structures, considering the benign nature of this lesion. CASE REPORT: In this study we present the case of a 79-year-old woman affected by recidivist epidermal cyst of the posterior fossa. Clinical presentation was characterized by positional subjective vertigo, intense headache localized in the right part of the head increased by Valsalva maneuver and retroarticular subcutaneous swelling. Radiological investigation found a giant epidemoid cyst of the posterior fossa (8,4 x 4,8 x 5,8 cm), treated with surgery. In the postoperative, the patient was fine and no neurological deficit has been encounterd. REVIEW: In this study, we present a review of the literature regarding giant epidermoid cysts of posterior fossa. Only 11 cases were reported before ours, which actually is one of the largest ever described.

Giant epidermoid cyst of the occipital area with bone invasion: A case report.

Epidermoid cysts are slowly growing pseudotumors usually measuring <2 cm in diameter. Large epidermoid cysts invading bones have been rarely reported in the literature. They may be a source of diagnostic difficulties before pathological analyses, and radiological examinations are essential to determine the extension of the cyst and to guide the surgical technique. We report, herein, on a patient having an unusually large epidermoid cyst located in the left occipital area invading the occipital bone.

Giant epidermoid cyst in the breast: A common benign lesion at a rare site-A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Epidermoid cyst is a common clinical entity and it can occur anywhere in the body. But its occurrence and huge size in the breast is very rare and more liable to develop complications, including malignant transformation. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We present here an unusual case of a giant epidermoid cyst in the breast, which is about 7cm in greatest dimension. After proper preoperative diagnosis by clinical, imaging and histopathological findings, it was managed by total excision. DISCUSSION: Imaging and fine needle aspiration cytology is essential for accurate preoperative diagnosis. However, it is often very difficult to differentiate it from other benign and malignant conditions of breast. Infection and malignant transformation are its potential complications. Total excision along with its capsule is the treatment of an epidermoid cyst. CONCLUSION: Epidermoid cyst is an important differential diagnosis while managing benign breast disease.