Unexpected arterial thrombosis and acute limb ischemia in COVID-19 patients. Results from the Ibero-Latin American acute arterial thrombosis registry in COVID-19: (ARTICO-19).

OBJECTIVE: Few studies have focused on arterial thrombosis and acute limb ischemia in COVID-19. This international registry intended to study the spectrum of clinical characteristics, therapeutic trends, and outcomes in a cohort of Ibero-Latin American patients with arterial thrombosis or acute limb ischemia and COVID-19. METHODS: Data were retrospectively obtained from 21 centers in 9 countries. Patients with proven COVID-19 and asymptomatic or symptomatic arterial thrombosis were included. COVID-19 diagnosis was established by RT-PCR assay or IgM serology plus suggestive clinical/radiographical findings. We recorded and analyzed variables related to demography, clinical presentation, therapeutic trends, and outcomes. RESULTS: Eighty one patients were included in the registry. In 38.3%, acute limb ischemia symptoms were the first manifestation of COVID-19. Non-surgical management was more frequent in severe cases than surgical interventions, 11.1% vs. 88.9%, respectively (p = 0.004). Amputation rates were similar between all COVID severity groups (p = 0.807). Treatment was classified as non-surgical, open surgical, and endovascular treatment. Further analysis revealed an equal frequency of major leg amputation between treatment groups and increased mortality in patients with non-surgical management. However, multivariate regression analysis showed that treatment choices are associated with disease severity, with significant non-surgical treatment in critical patients; thus, mortality is related to the severity and confounds treatment analysis. CONCLUSION: Arterial thrombosis can be the initial symptom of a patient presenting with COVID-19. Physicians and health workers should potentially suspect COVID-19 in acute ischemia cases without a known risk factor or embolic cause. More experimental and clinical research is required to understand the complex phenomenon of arterial COVID-19 induced coagulopathy fully.

Bioinformatics in Latin America and SoIBio impact, a tale of spin-off and expansion around genomes and protein structures.

Owing to the emerging impact of bioinformatics and computational biology, in this article, we present an overview of the history and current state of the research on this field in Latin America (LA). It will be difficult to cover without inequality all the efforts, initiatives and works that have happened for the past two decades in this vast region (that includes >19 million km2 and >600 million people). Despite the difficulty, we have done an analytical search looking for publications in the field made by researchers from 19 LA countries in the past 25 years. In this way, we find that research in bioinformatics in this region should develop twice to approach the average world scientific production in the field. We also found some of the pioneering scientists who initiated and led bioinformatics in the region and were promoters of this new scientific field. Our analysis also reveals that spin-off began around some specific areas within the biomolecular sciences: studies on genomes (anchored in the new generation of deep sequencing technologies, followed by developments in proteomics) and studies on protein structures (supported by three-dimensional structural determination technologies and their computational advancement). Finally, we show that the contribution to this endeavour of the Iberoamerican Society for Bioinformatics, founded in Mexico in 2009, has been significant, as it is a leading forum to join efforts of many scientists from LA interested in promoting research, training and education in bioinformatics.

An Ibero-American inter-laboratory trial to evaluate serological tests for the detection of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in cattle.

We carried out an inter-laboratory trial to compare the serological tests commonly used for the detection of specific Neospora caninum antibodies in cattle in Ibero-American countries. A total of eight laboratories participated from the following countries: Argentina (n = 4), Brazil (n = 1), Peru (n = 1), Mexico (n = 1), and Spain (n = 1). A blind panel of well-characterized cattle sera (n = 143) and sera representative of the target population (n = 351) was tested by seven in-house indirect fluorescent antibody tests (IFATs 1-7) and three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs 1-3; two in-house and one commercial). Diagnostic performance of the serological tests was calculated and compared according to the following criteria: (1) the "Pre-test information," which uses previous epidemiological and serological data; (2) the "Majority of tests," which classifies a serum as positive or negative according to the results obtained by most tests evaluated. Unexpectedly, six tests showed either sensitivity (Se) or specificity (Sp) values lower than 90%. In contrast, the best tests in terms of Se, Sp, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) values were IFAT 1 and optimized ELISA 1 and ELISA 2. We evaluated a high number of IFATs, which are the most widely used tests in Ibero-America. The significant discordances observed among the tests regardless of the criteria employed hinder control programs and urge the use of a common test or with similar performances to either the optimized IFAT 1 and ELISAs 1 and 2.

Bodyweight change and its association with food and beverage consumption at the beginning COVID-19 confinement.

OBJECTIVES: SARS-CoV-2, a newly identified coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has challenged health services and profoundly impacted people's lifestyles. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic on food consumption patterns and body weight in adults from 12 Ibero-American countries. METHODS: Multicentric, cross-sectional study. Data was collected using an online survey disseminated by social networks. The sample included 10 552 people from Spain and 11 Latin American countries who were selected by snowball sampling. RESULTS: While 38.50% of the sample reported weight gain, 16.90% reported weight lost. Weight change was associated with sex, age, country of residence, and education level. People who were not confined more often reported having maintained their weight in comparison to people who were confined. All Latin American countries showed an increased consumption of sweetened drinks, pastry products, fried foods, and alcoholic beverages during confinement. Consumption of eggs and dairy products was independent from body weight change. People who consumed more fruits and vegetables during confinement more often reported having lost weight. In contrast, body weight gain during confinement was associated with increased intake of sugary drinks, baked goods and pastries, pizza, fried foods, and alcoholic beverages. CONCLUSION: During COVID-19 confinement, the Latin American countries included in this study showed a change in their consumption patterns toward less healthy diets, which in turn was associated with an increase in the body weight of their population.

Antifungal Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Candida glabrata in Ibero-America.

In different regions worldwide, there exists an intra-and inter-regional variability in the rates of resistance to antifungal agents in Candida glabrata, highlighting the importance of understanding the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility profiles of C. glabrata in each region. However, in some regions, such as Ibero-America, limited data are available in this context. Therefore, in the present study, a systematic review was conducted to determine the antifungal resistance in C. glabrata in Ibero-America over the last five years. A literature search for articles published between January 2015 and December 2020 was conducted without language restrictions, using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and LILACS databases. The search terms that were used were "Candida glabrata" AND "antifungal resistance" AND "Country", and 22 publications were retrieved from different countries. The use of azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, isavuconazole, ketoconazole, and miconazole) varied between 4.0% and 100%, and that of echinocandins (micafungin, caspofungin, and anidulafungin) between 1.1% and 10.0%. The limited information on this subject in the region of Ibero-America emphasizes the need to identify the pathogens at the species level and perform antifungal susceptibility tests that may lead to the appropriate use of these drugs and the optimal doses in order to avoid the development of antifungal resistance or multi-resistance.

Health Transparency and Communication on the Government Websites of Ibero-American Countries: The Cases of Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain.

Through the strategic use of health communication from their websites, government institutions can achieve greater promotion and prevent health issues for citizens, at whom such websites are aimed. Thus, the transparency of these sites is essential to favor issues such as participation, accountability, and good governance. In the present study, through content analysis, we examined how active transparency and communication in health is built through analyzing the information provided by the different administrative levels with competencies in this field (government, regions, and municipalities) from the following countries: Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain. The results were projected according to a double axis of analysis. On the one hand, we offer a description of the levels of management of this phenomenon (structural characteristics and available resources). On the other hand, we developed indices based on each of the countries to compare the typologies grouped in these Ibero-American countries. As a general conclusion, the results evinced insufficient transparency in common; however, the deficit was less in countries that had a public health system.

Overview of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in Ibero-American freshwaters: Challenges for risk management and opportunities for removal by advanced technologies.

The increasing occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms worldwide represents an important threat for both the environment and public health. In this context, the development of risk analysis and management tools as well as sustainable and cost-effective treatment processes is essential. The research project TALGENTOX, funded by the Ibero-American Science and Technology Program for Development (CYTED-2019), aims to address this ambitious challenge in countries with different environmental and social conditions within the Ibero-American context. It is based on a multidisciplinary approach that combines ecology, water management and technology fields, and includes research groups from Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru and Spain. In this review, the occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in freshwaters from these countries are summarized. The presence of cyanotoxins has been confirmed in all countries but the information is still scarce and further monitoring is required. In this regard, remote sensing or metagenomics are good alternatives at reasonable cost. The risk management of freshwaters from those countries considering the most frequent uses (consumption and recreation) has been also evaluated. Only Spain and Peru include cyanotoxins in its drinking water legislation (only MC-LR) and thus, there is a need for regulatory improvements. The development of preventive strategies like diminishing nutrient loads to aquatic systems is also required. In the same line, corrective measures are urgently needed especially in drinking waters. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have the potential to play a major role in this scenario as they are effective for the elimination of most cyanotoxins classes. The research on the field of AOPs is herein summarized considering the cost-effectiveness, environmental character and technical applicability of such technologies. Fenton-based processes and photocatalysis using solar irradiation or LED light represent very promising alternatives given their high cost-efficiency. Further research should focus on developing stable long-term operation systems, addressing their scale-up.

Work orientation and flourishing life in twelve Ibero-American countries / Orientación laboral y vida floreciente en doce países iberoamericanos

Abstract Introduction/Objetive: Work orientation includes the individual's beliefs regarding the role of work in his/her life as a whole and what they are searching for in their careers. There are three types of orientation to work: job, career, and vocation. Work orientation has the distinction of examining how work connects with people's lives and is, therefore, an appropriate construct for evaluating the impact of work on human flourishing. The aims of this study are first to explore work orientation in twelve Ibero-American countries; and second, to investigate whether work orientation affects flourishing in the lives of adults in twelve Ibero-American countries. Method: A total of 3000 adults participated in this study. The University of Pennsylvania Work-Life Questionnaire was used to evaluate the type of relationship that employees reported having with their work, according to the distinctions between job, career, and calling. A 12-item version of the Multidimensional Flourishing Scale was used to measure three aspects of flourishing: social, psychological, and emotional well-being. Results: Most participants reported a high level of calling in their work orientation. In most countries, those with a calling orientation reported higher levels of social and psychological well-being than those with a job orientation. The results indicate a clear relationship between a calling orientation and social and psychological well-being. Conclusion: This research is the first to compare the relationship between work-orientation and flourishing in Ibero-America. The findings help us understand that work-orientation is not a secondary aspect of a person's life but has fundamental implications in the lives of workers.

Resumen Introducción/Objetivo: La orientación laboral incluye las creencias del individuo sobre el papel del trabajo en su vida como un todo y lo que está buscando en su carrera. La orientación laboral examina cómo el trabajo se conecta con la vida de las personas y es un constructo apropiado para evaluar el efecto del trabajo en el florecimiento humano. Se propone explorar la orientación laboral en 12 países iberoamericanos; e investigar si la orientación laboral afecta el florecimiento humano. Método: Tres mil adultos participaron en este estudio. Se utilizó el Work-Life Questionnaire para evaluar el tipo de relación que los empleados informan tener con su trabajo, de acuerdo con las distinciones entre trabajo, carrera y vocación. Se utilizó la Escala de Florecimiento Multidimensional para medir tres aspectos del florecimiento: bienestar social, psicológico y emocional. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes informaron un alto nivel de orientación laboral como vocación. En la mayoría de los países, aquellos que trabajan por vocación informaron niveles más altos de bienestar social y psicológico que aquellos que trabajan solo por una motivación económica. Conclusiones: Esta investigación es la primera en comparar la relación entre la orientación al trabajo y el florecimiento humano en Iberoamérica. Los hallazgos nos ayudan a comprender que la orientación al trabajo no es un aspecto secundario de la vida de una persona, sino que tiene implicaciones fundamentales en los trabajadores.

Evidencia científica sobre posconflicto en el contexto iberoamericano / Scientific evidence about the post-conflict in the Ibero-American context

Resumen Objetivo analizar la evidencia científica sobre posconflicto en Iberoamérica. Revisión documental de publicaciones científicas entre 2013 y 2018. Descriptores: "conflicto", "posconflicto", "construcción de paz", "desmovilización", "reintegración", "reconciliación", "excombatientes", "democracia", "deliberación", "América Latina" y "Latinoamérica" y sus correspondientes en inglés. Los artículos fueron analizados a partir del título, resumen, año de publicación, idioma, país y fuente de publicación. Las categorías: "posconflicto", "democracia", "cultura", "educación", "estado", "territorio", "economía" y "salud". Se analizaron 66 artículos. Conclusión, la evidencia científica muestra que el posconflicto es la primera fase de consolidación de paz, los países y actores involucrados deben generar estrategias viables para su cimentación.

Abstract The objective is to analyze the scientific evidence about the post-conflict in Ibero-America; document review of scientific publications between 2013 and 2018. Descriptors "conflict," "post-conflict," "peacebuilding," "demobilization," "reintegration," "reconciliation," "ex-combatants," "democracy," "deliberation," "Latin America," and their corresponding in English. The articles were analyzed based on the title, abstract, year of publication, language, country, and source of publication. The categories "post-conflict," "democracy," "culture," "education," "state," "territory," "economy," and "health." Sixty-six articles were analyzed. As a conclusion, scientific evidence shows that post-conflict is the first phase of peacebuilding, the countries and actors involved must generate viable strategies for its foundation.

Los estudios bibliométricos en el campo de la psicología iberoamericana: Una revisión metabibliométrica / The bibliometric studies in the field of Ibero-American psychology: A metabibliometric review

Resumen La bibliometría consiste en el tratamiento matemático y estadístico de la información científica y, por ello, se la concibe como la cuantificación de la información bibliográfica susceptible de ser analizada. Más allá de que algunos autores la conciban como una metodología y otros como una técnica, la bibliometría facilita la organización, selección y categorización de la información para un tratamiento cuantitativo y cualitativo. Desde hace más de tres décadas, los estudios bibliométricos han comenzado a proliferar con diferentes usos, orientaciones y aplicaciones en el campo de la psicología iberoamericana. En este trabajo se analizan los estudios bibliométricos en el campo de la psicología iberoamericana recuperados de tres bases de datos: Dialnet (España), Redalyc (México) y SciELO (Brasil). A partir de una muestra de 81 trabajos seleccionados, se realizó una categorización según las diferentes líneas de investigación, los autores más frecuentes, los países de los autores, el rango de años de las publicaciones, el idioma de las publicaciones, el género en la redacción de los trabajos, las revistas que más estudios bibliométricos publicaron y las más analizadas desde la perspectiva bibliométrica. También se analizó el contexto histórico de aparición de los estudios bibliométricos en el campo de la psicología de Iberoamérica. Se concluye que los estudios bibliométricos son un importante recurso metodológico para la evaluación de la disciplina y profesión psicológica, siempre que logren ir más allá de la mera descripción de datos cuantitativos y puedan complementarse con análisis cualitativos, lo que brindaría mayor potencialidad interpretativa y explicativa.

Abstract Bibliometry consists on the mathematical and statistical treatment of published scientific information. This methodology, or technique (following some authors), includes the quantification of bibliographic information that can be analyzed. Bibliometric and qualitative data reviews can be combined in order to offer high-quality conclusions. For more than three decades, bibliometric studies have proliferated with different uses, orientations, and applications in Ibero-American psychology. All the classic areas of psychology (basic psychological processes, clinical and health psychology, organizational and work psychology, educational psychology), as well as new areas, such as sports psychology, traffic psychology, consumer psychology, and others have been subject of bibliometric works. Several productions can be recognized where bibliometry is used for historical analysis, review of specialized literature, scientific journals analysis, and the recognition of different areas of research. The goal of this work is to provide a metabibliometric analysis, that is, a bibliometry of bibliometric studies. It is a descriptive study in which different documentary sources are retrieved, classified, and analyzed based on the proper procedure of bibliometric studies. This study examined the scientific and scholarly productions in the field of Ibero-American psychology, using three specific databases: Dialnet (Spain), Redalyc (Mexico), and SciELO (Brazil). The choice of such databases was because they provide the indexation of a large number of psychology journals and also allow free access to their contents, which gives some coverage to the psychological production of the Ibero-American region. The search was guided by the following general descriptors: "Bibliometric" and "Psychology", present in any of the search fields of these databases. These two words are functionally equivalent to detect items in Spanish and Portuguese (because all articles have abstracts in English). Interdisciplinary studies were ruled out, and those clearly outside of psychological science or the profession of psychology. The final refined sample of 81 articles were classified according to the following indicators: a) lines of research; b) more frequent authors; c) countries of the authors; d) range of years of publications; e) language of the publications; f) gender in the writing of the works; g) the journals that published the most bibliometric studies; and h) the most analyzed journals from the bibliometric perspective. The vast majority of articles are from the present century (70), which highlights the recent explosion of work in the field. For reference only, eight articles were published in the 1990s, 34 articles were published in the 2000s, and 36 articles were published in the current half-decade. The language of the articles is distributed as follows: 71 in Spanish (88 %), 5 in English (6 %), and 5 in Portuguese (6 %). The proportion by gender of correspondence authors reflects that 40 % are women (33 articles), and 60 % are men (48 articles), always considering the first signatory in cases of multiple authorship. The countries according to the correspondence author, taking the first author in the cases of multiple authorships, are: Spain (45), Colombia (15), Argentina (6), Brazil (5), Mexico (4), Chile (3), Peru (2) and Costa Rica (1). Results confirm that the bibliometric research design is a consistent methodological approach to evaluate the field of psychology as a discipline and a professional practice in Ibero-America. These results do not reflect the entire set of bibliometric research in Ibero-American psychology. However, they can also be considered as a representative map of bibliometric studies in the region. The most significant criticism that can be indicated for these bibliometric studies is the abusive descriptive perspective that appears in them. It would be desirable for this kind of research to incorporate other analytical perspectives to go beyond the purely descriptive, which could obtain greater interpretative and explanatory potential regarding what was investigated.

Dossier: Políticas Públicas de Salud Bucal en Iberoamérica / Dossier: Oral Health Public Policies in Iberian-America / Dossier: Políticas Públicas de Saúde Bucal na Ibero-América

Tenemos el gusto de presentar a nuestros lectores el primer número de 2019 que incluye el dossier temático Políticas Públicas de Salud Bucal en Iberoamérica. Este dossier es resultado de la segunda colaboración de Universitas Odontologica con otras organizaciones. En el número 71 de 2014 publicamos los resúmenes del 5º Congreso Iberoamericano de Periodoncia - 54° Seminario Anual de la Asociación Colombiana de Periodoncia y Oseointegración.

We are pleased to present to our readers the first issue of 2019 that includes the thematic dossier Public Policies of Oral Health in Ibero-America. This dossier is the result of the second collaboration of Universitas Odontologica with other organizations. In issue 71 of 2014, we published the abstracts of the 5th Ibero-American Congress of Periodontics - 54th Annual Seminar of the Colombian Association of Periodontics and Osseointegration.

Revistas de Reumatología en el contexto iberoamericano / Journals of rheumatology in the iberoamerican context

Introducción: La reumatología es la especialidad médica que se encarga de prevenir, diagnosticar y tratar las enfermedades musculo esqueléticas y autoinmunes sistémicas. Se trata de una de las especialidades que más avances en diagnóstico y tratamiento ha experimentado en los últimos años. Objetivo: Exponer los principales indicadores bibliométricos de las revistas de reumatología en Iberoamérica. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda de las revistas de reumatología en diversas bases de datos y se seleccionaron las revistas vigentes que pertenecían a países Latinoamericanos, España o Portugal. Los datos generales de las revistas fueron extraídos en sus respectivos sitios web. Dada la heterogeneidad de indexación, se tomaron los indicadores provistos por el Google Académico para su comparación. Para ello se utilizó el programa Publish or Perish y se realizó una limitación temporal desde 2007 a 2017. Resultados: Las revistas con más altos indicadores de impacto a su vez son las que se encuentran en bases de datos con mayor prestigio a nivel internacional (Web of Science, Scopus y Pubmed), este es otro factor que incide en su visibilidad, hecho corroborable al identificar que los 20 artículos más citados corresponden a estas tres revistas. Conclusiones: Las herramientas bibliométricas provistas por el Google Académico permitieron estandarizar indicadores de productividad y visibilidad en las revistas estudiadas, haciendo más accesible la recuperación de información académica y el cómputo de indicadores bibliométricos(AU)

Introduction: Rheumatology is the medical specialty that is responsible for preventing, diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal and systemic autoimmune diseases. It is one of the specialties that has made the most advances in diagnosis and treatment in recent years. Objective: To explain the main bibliometric indicators of rheumatology journals in Iberoamerica. Method: A search of rheumatology journals was carried out in several databases and the current journals belonging to Latin American countries, Spain or Portugal were selected. The general data of the magazines were extracted in their respective websites. Given the heterogeneity of indexing, the indicators provided by Google Scholar were taken for comparison. For this, the Publish or Perish program was used and a temporary limitation was made from 2007 to 2017. Results: The journals with the highest impact indicators are those found in the most prestigious international databases (Web of Science, Scopus and Pubmed), this is another factor that affects their visibility, a corroborative fact by identifying that the 20 most cited articles correspond to these three journals. Conclusions: The bibliometric tools provided by the Google Scholar allowed to standardize indicators of productivity and visibility in the studied journals, making more accessible the recovery of academic information and the computation of bibliometric indicators(AU)

La evaluación del profesorado universitario: tendencias en Iberoamérica / University faculty evaluation: Ibero-America trends

Introducción: la evaluación del profesorado universitario en Iberoamérica es motivo de un profundo debate por la importancia del impacto en la calidad de la educación superior. Objetivo: caracterizar las principales tendencias que emergen del análisis de la literatura reciente en el ámbito de la evaluación profesoral universitaria en Iberoamérica. Métodos: se procedió en primera instancia a una identificación de material bibliográfico mediante una revisión sistemática de artículos obtenidos de la búsqueda en Google Académico a partir de palabras claves definidas por los autores y luego a un análisis de contenido de los estudios seleccionados, incluyendo estudios clásicos dedicados al tema. Resultados: del estudio emergieron cuatro grandes tendencias que permitieron a los autores definir elementos de juicio sobre el tema objeto de análisis. Conclusiones: se precisan desafíos consustanciales a la mejora de la calidad del proceso de la evaluación profesoral(AU)

Introduction: evaluation of university professors in Ibero-America justifies a profound debate about the importance of impacting higher education quality. Objective: to characterize the main trends emerging from the analysis of recent literature within the field of university professorial evaluation in Ibero-America. Methods: we started first with the identification of bibliographic material through a systematic review of articles obtained from the Google Scholar search engine using keywords defined by the authors. Then, we carried out an analysis of the content related to the chosen studies, including classic studies about to the subject. Results: four major trends emerged from the study, which allowed the authors to define elements of judgment on the subject under analysis. Conclusions: consubstantial challenges are required to improve the quality of the teacher evaluation process(AU)

Psychological research collaboration and visibility in iberoamerica / A visibilidade e cooperação da pesquisa em psicologia na Ibero-América

The phenomenon of collaboration is an increasing trend in many fields of science, including that of psychology. In Iberoamerican psychology, collaboration occurs on a local and international level. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of collaboration in Iberoamerica, using as a baseline the level of worldwide collaboration in psychology in 2012. We collected data from the Scopus database and analyzed it by cluster distribution. Analysis of the sample found within-country collaboration prominent among Iberoamerican psychologists. Findings indicated that in Iberoamerica there is significantly less global collaboration than in other regions, although Iberoamerican scientists are receptive to the idea and acknowledge its potential. (AU)

ResumoO fenômeno da colaboração é uma tendência em crescimento em muitos campos da ciência, incluindo a psicologia. Na psicologia ibero-americana a colaboração vem ocorrendo em nível regional e internacional. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar níveis de colaboração em Ibero-América, usando como linha de base o nível de colaboração mundial em psicologia nos anos de 2012. Os dados foram coletados da base Scopus e analisado pela distribuição de dados segundo seu grau de agrupamento (cluster). A análise mostrou que a colaboração entre ibero-americanos é maior dentro dos respectivos países e menor em nível global. Mesmo assim, destaque-se que cientistas ibero-americanos são receptivos a ideia de internacionalização e reconheçam seu potencial. (AU)

Principales tendencias iberoamericanas en psicología clínica: un estudio basado en la evidencia científica / Main trends in Iberoamerican clinical psychology: a study based in scientific evidence

La disponibilidad de técnicas que permiten el análisis de gran cantidad de datos, entrega la posibilidad de realizar estudios que permiten caracterizar el desarrollo y la evolución de la ciencia psicológica a través de parámetros objetivos, entregando perfiles de las principales tendencias. Se presenta un enfoque hibrido basado en análisis cientométrico y una interpretación de comunidades bibliográficas basadas en la proporción de referencias compartidas (Grawin, 2012) de artículos iberoamericanos en la base de datos Web of Knowledge. Los resultados arrojan una concentración de la investigación en Depresión (9 por ciento) y Demencia-Alzheimer (8 por ciento), así como una fuerte orientación cuantitativa a través de la validación y uso de instrumentos psicométricos. Mientras España produce 54 por ciento de la ciencia y lidera 44 por ciento de la producción más influyente (citada), Latinoamérica produce 37 por ciento y lidera 13 por ciento (Brasil 10 por ciento, Chile 1 por ciento, Argentina 1 por ciento, Colombia 1 por ciento). Se discuten las implicancias de estos resultados, así como las consecuencias y futuras aplicaciones de estas herramientas para practicantes e investigadores.

The availability of techniques that allows the analysis of large quantities of data permits the construction of studies that can characterize the development and evolution of the psychological science through objective parameters, delivering profiles of the main trends. In this article we present a hybrid approach, based on a scientometric analysis and an interpretation of bibliographic communities based on the proportion of shared references (Grawin, 2012) of iberoamerican articles within the Web of Knowledge database. The results show a strong concentration of research on Depression (9 percent) and Alzheimer (8 percent), as a heavy use of quantitative and psychometric approaches. While Spain produces 54 percent of the science and leads 44 percent of the most influential (cited) production, Latin America produces 37 percent and leads 13 percent (Brasil 10 percent, Chile 1percent, Argentina 1percent, Colombia 1 percent). The repercussions of the results are discussed, as the consequences and future applications of these tools for practitioners and researchers.

La alfabetización informacional en las universidades cubanas y la visualización de los niveles de incorporación a partir de la información publicada en los sitios Web de sus bibliotecas / Information literacy in Cuban Universities and viewing levels of incorporation from the information published on the websites of their libraries

INTRODUCCIÓN. La formación en competencias informacionales o alfabetización informacional (ALFIN) es uno de los retos actuales de las bibliotecas ante las posibilidades de acceso a enormes recursos de información que facilitan los medios digitales. OBJETIVOS: Identificar desde la información disponible en los sitios Web de las bibliotecas de las universidades/instituciones de enseñanza superior (IES) de Cuba, los niveles de incorporación de ALFIN como servicio fundamental y transversal de toda biblioteca. MÉTODOS: Partiendo de los postulados del análisis de contenidos Web, se realiza un proceso investigativo registrando la información recopilada, en primer lugar, en una ficha de contenidos, y posteriormente, en una base de datos que permite realizar el análisis comparativo y la presentación gráfica de los resultados. RESULTADOS: Se identificó que en la actualidad desde la información que se presenta en los sitios Web de las universidades-IES de Cuba, un porcentaje no tan amplio de bibliotecas universitarias se encontrarían realizando acciones de un nivel 1 o 2 de incorporación de ALFIN, ya que una gran mayoría se encuentra desarrollando todavía programas muy enfocados a la formación de usuarios tradicional, mientras que otra gran mayoría, desafortunadamente, aún no presenta ninguna acción-información sobre trabajos desde la perspectiva formadora que debe tener toda biblioteca. CONCLUSIONES: Es necesario aunar esfuerzos entre las bibliotecas de las universidades-IES cubanas para que las más adelantadas apoyen los avances de las otras bibliotecas, y así en el tema de ALFIN poder trabajar colaborativamente en acciones de formación-autoformación, bechmarking, intercambio de recursos y objetos de aprendizaje, etcétera.

INTRODUCTION: Training in information competencies or information literacy is one of the current challenges of university libraries at the possibilities of access to vast information resources that facilitate digital media. OBJECTIVES: Identify from the information available on the websites of the libraries of universities/higher-education institutions (HEI) in Cuba, the levels of incorporation, which would have the information literacy (Information Literacy) as a core and cross service of every library. METHODS: Based on the postulates of Web content analysis, an investigative process is done by recording the information gathered, first in a content tab, and then in a database that allows comparative analysis and graphical presentation results. RESULTS: It was identified that, at present, from the information displayed on Web sites of universities-HEI in Cuba, a very small percentage of university libraries would find taking actions in a level 1 or 2 of incorporating information literacy, since a large most developed is still very focused programs and processes to the traditional user training, while another large majority, unfortunately, has no action-information about actions from the forming perspective that should be any library. CONCLUSIONS: Require joint efforts among university libraries Cubans to support the more advanced the progress of the other libraries, and so the issue of information literacy, to work collaboratively in self-training activities, benchmarking, resource and learning objects sharing, among others.

Carta dos editores convidados / Guest editor's note

Este número temático teve sua origem na reunião "Engenharia e Ciências naturais. Infra-estruturas da comunicação e do transporte na história das ciências em Ibero-América" realizada na Universidad Nacional de La Plata, em Samay Huasi (Província de La Rioja, Argentina), de 1º a 6 de maio de 2006, sob a coordenação de Irina Podgorny e Wolfgang Schäffener. Aos trabalhos apresentados naquela oportunidade, foram incluídas outras contribuições, que enfocam, sobretudo, as relações entre caminhos, comunicações e ciências no Brasil do início do século XX.