Early failure of frontline rituximab-containing chemo-immunotherapy in diffuse large B cell lymphoma does not predict futility of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation.
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant
; 20(11): 1729-36, 2014 Nov.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25008330
ABSTRACT
The poor prognosis for patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who relapse within 1 year of initial diagnosis after first-line rituximab-based chemo-immunotherapy has created controversy about the role of autologous transplantation (HCT) in this setting. We compared autologous HCT outcomes for chemosensitive DLBCL patients between 2000 and 2011 in 2 cohorts based on time to relapse from diagnosis. The early rituximab failure (ERF) cohort consisted of patients with primary refractory disease or those with first relapse within 1 year of initial diagnosis. The ERF cohort was compared with those relapsing >1 year after initial diagnosis (late rituximab failure [LRF] cohort). ERF and LRF cohorts included 300 and 216 patients, respectively. Nonrelapse mortality (NRM), progression/relapse, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of ERF versus LRF cohorts at 3 years were 9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6% to 13%) versus 9% (95% CI, 5% to 13%), 47% (95% CI, 41% to 52%) versus 39% (95% CI, 33% to 46%), 44% (95% CI, 38% to 50%) versus 52% (95% CI, 45% to 59%), and 50% (95% CI, 44% to 56%) versus 67% (95% CI, 60% to 74%), respectively. On multivariate analysis, ERF was not associated with higher NRM (relative risk [RR], 1.31; P = .34). The ERF cohort had a higher risk of treatment failure (progression/relapse or death) (RR, 2.08; P < .001) and overall mortality (RR, 3.75; P <.001) within the first 9 months after autologous HCT. Beyond this period, PFS and OS were not significantly different between the ERF and LRF cohorts. Autologous HCT provides durable disease control to a sizeable subset of DLBCL despite ERF (3-year PFS, 44%) and remains the standard-of-care in chemosensitive DLBCL regardless of the timing of disease relapse.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
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Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
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Transplantation Conditioning
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
/
Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant
Journal subject:
HEMATOLOGIA
/
TRANSPLANTE
Year:
2014
Type:
Article