Prevalence and correlates of carotid plaque in a mixed HIV-serostatus cohort in Uganda.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord
; 21(1): 593, 2021 12 15.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34911457
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The extent to which the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is increased among people living with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa remains unknown.SETTING:
Cross-sectional analysis nested within the Ugandan Noncommunicable Diseases and Aging Cohort, including PLWH in rural Uganda > 40 years taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 3 years, and a population-based control group of HIV-uninfected age- and sex-matched persons.METHODS:
We conducted carotid ultrasonography and collected ACVD risk factor data. Our outcome of interest was carotid plaque, defined as > 1.5 mm thickness from the intima-lumen interface to the media-adventitia interface. We fit multivariable logistic regression models to estimate correlates of carotid plaque including HIV-specific and traditional cardiovascular risk factors.RESULTS:
We enrolled 155 (50.2%) PLWH and 154 (49.8%) HIV-uninfected comparators, with a mean age of 51.4 years. Among PLWH, the median CD4 count was 433 cells/mm3 and 97.4% were virologically suppressed. Carotid plaque prevalence was higher among PLWH (8.4% vs 3.3%). HIV infection (aOR 3.90; 95% CI 1.12-13.60) and current smokers (aOR 6.60; 95% CI 1.22-35.80) had higher odds of carotid plaque, whereas moderate (aOR 0.13, 95% CI 0.01-1.55) and vigorous intensity of physical activity (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.07-1.52) were associated with decreased odds of carotid plaque.CONCLUSION:
In rural Uganda, PLWH have higher prevalence of carotid plaque compared to age- and sex-matched HIV-uninfected comparators. Future work should explore how biomedical and lifestyle modifications might reduce atherosclerotic burden among PLWH in the region.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Carotid Artery Diseases
/
HIV Infections
/
HIV Seropositivity
/
HIV Seronegativity
/
Plaque, Atherosclerotic
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
En
Journal:
BMC Cardiovasc Disord
Journal subject:
ANGIOLOGIA
/
CARDIOLOGIA
Year:
2021
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Uganda