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The relationship between dysphagia and frailty among Chinese hospitalized older patients: a serial mediation model through self-perceived oral health and self-reported nutritional status.
Yu, Jianjiao; Zhu, Huolan; Zhang, Yulian; Wang, Dan; Guo, Hua; Liu, Xiaomei; Lai, Jin; Zhang, Huiying; Xu, Huanhuan; Bai, Bingyue.
Affiliation
  • Yu J; School of Nursing, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, 710061, Xi'an, China.
  • Zhu H; Department of Geriatrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 Youyi West Road, 710068, Xi'an, China. 294216621@qq.com.
  • Zhang Y; Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 Youyi West Road, 710068, Xi'an, China. 294216621@qq.com.
  • Wang D; Director's Office, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 Youyi West Road, 710068, Xi'an, China. zhangyulian03@163.com.
  • Guo H; Department of Nursing, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 Youyi West Road, 710068, Xi'an, China.
  • Liu X; Department of Nursing, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 Youyi West Road, 710068, Xi'an, China.
  • Lai J; Department of Nursing, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 Youyi West Road, 710068, Xi'an, China.
  • Zhang H; School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian Road, 712046, Xi'an, China.
  • Xu H; School of Nursing, Yan'an University, 580 Shengdi Road, 716000, Yan'an, China.
  • Bai B; School of Nursing, Yan'an University, 580 Shengdi Road, 716000, Yan'an, China.
BMC Geriatr ; 24(1): 110, 2024 Jan 29.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38287262
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Frailty contributes to adverse outcomes in older adults and places a heavy burden on healthcare resources. Dysphagia is associated with frailty, but the mechanisms by which dysphagia affects frailty in older adults are unclear. This study aimed to investigate a serial mediating effect of self-perceived oral health and self-reported nutritional status in the relationship between dysphagia and frailty among hospitalized older patients in China.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study included 1200 patients aged ≥ 65 years in the Department of Geriatrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital. A structured face-to-face interview was used to survey the following questionnaires General Information Questionnaire, Tilburg Frailty Indicators (TFI), Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), 30mL Water Swallow Test (WST), Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), and Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF). A total of 980 participants with complete data were included in the analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 28.0 software. Spearman's correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis of study variables. The results of the multivariate linear regression analysis for frailty were used as covariates in the mediation analysis, and the structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyze the mediating effects among the study variables.

RESULTS:

Dysphagia, self-perceived oral health, self-reported nutritional status, and frailty were significantly correlated (P<0.001). Dysphagia was found to directly affect frailty (ß = 0.161, 95%CI = 0.089 to 0.235) and through three significant mediation pathways (1) the path through self-perceived oral health (ß = 0.169, 95%CI = 0.120 to 0.221), accounting for 36.98% of the total effect; (2) the path through self-reported nutritional status (ß = 0.050, 95%CI = 0.023 to 0.082), accounting for 10.94% of the total effect; (3) the path through self-perceived oral health and self-reported nutritional status (ß = 0.077, 95%CI = 0.058 to 0.102), accounting for 16.85% of the total effect. The total mediation effect was 64.77%.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study indicated that dysphagia was significantly associated with frailty. Self-perceived oral health and self-reported nutritional status were serial mediators of this relationship. Improving the oral health and nutritional status of hospitalized older patients may prevent or delay the frailty caused by dysphagia.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Deglutition Disorders / Frailty Type of study: Diagnostic_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Aged / Humans Language: En Journal: BMC Geriatr Journal subject: GERIATRIA Year: 2024 Type: Article Affiliation country: China

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Deglutition Disorders / Frailty Type of study: Diagnostic_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Aged / Humans Language: En Journal: BMC Geriatr Journal subject: GERIATRIA Year: 2024 Type: Article Affiliation country: China