Cardiotoxicity After Synthetic Cathinone Use; Two Cases, A Case Series and Scoping Review.
Cardiovasc Toxicol
; 24(3): 209-224, 2024 Mar.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38411851
ABSTRACT
The cardiotoxic effects of synthetic cathinones remain largely unknown. In this study, we present two cases, a case series and a scoping review, to explore synthetic cathinone associated cardiotoxicity. Case 1 involved a 28-year-old male with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction after ingesting a substance containing 4-methylmethcathinone (4-MMC), 3-methylmethcathinon (3-MMC), and methcathinone. Case 2 involved a 49-year-old male with ventricular fibrillation after 4-methylmethcathinone ingestion, who was diagnosed with severe three-vessel disease. A retrospective analysis was performed on self-reported synthetic cathinone poisonings reported to the Dutch Poisons Information Centre from 2012 to 2022. A total of 222 mono-intoxications with cardiotoxicity were included, mostly involving 3-methylmethcathinon (63%). Often tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, and chest pain were reported. A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed to identify the studies reporting cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, cardiac inflammation, cardiomyopathy, and life-threatening arrhythmias following synthetic cathinone use. A total of 30 articles reporting 40 cases were included. The reported complications included cardiac arrest (n = 28), ventricular tachycardia (n = 4), supraventricular tachycardia (n = 1), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (n = 2), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (n = 2), cardiomyopathy (n = 1), and myocarditis (n = 2). A total of ten different associated synthetic cathinones were identified. Cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, and ventricular arrhythmias have been reported following the use of synthetic cathinones, underscoring the importance of obtaining a detailed recreational drug use history from patients presenting with syncope, chest pain, or palpitations.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction
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Heart Arrest
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Methamphetamine
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Cardiomyopathies
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Myocardial Infarction
Limits:
Adult
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
Cardiovasc Toxicol
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Cardiovasc. toxicol. (Online)
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Cardiovascular toxicology (Online)
Journal subject:
ANGIOLOGIA
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CARDIOLOGIA
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TOXICOLOGIA
Year:
2024
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Netherlands