Life and death decisions of the pancreatic beta-cell: the role of fatty acids.
Clin Sci (Lond)
; 112(1): 27-42, 2007 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-17132138
ABSTRACT
Both stimulatory and detrimental effects of NEFAs (non-esterified fatty acids) on pancreatic beta-cells have been recognized. Acute exposure of the pancreatic beta-cell to high glucose concentrations and/or saturated NEFAs results in a substantial increase in insulin release, whereas chronic exposure results in desensitization and suppression of secretion, followed by induction of apoptosis. Some unsaturated NEFAs also promote insulin release acutely, but they are less toxic to beta-cells during chronic exposure and can even exert positive protective effects. Therefore changes in the levels of NEFAs are likely to be important for the regulation of beta-cell function and viability under physiological conditions. In addition, the switching between endogenous fatty acid synthesis or oxidation in the beta-cell, together with alterations in neutral lipid accumulation, may have critical implications for beta-cell function and integrity. Long-chain acyl-CoA (formed from either endogenously synthesized or exogenous fatty acids) controls several aspects of beta-cell function, including activation of specific isoenzymes of PKC (protein kinase C), modulation of ion channels, protein acylation, ceramide formation and/or NO-mediated apoptosis, and transcription factor activity. In this review, we describe the effects of exogenous and endogenous fatty acids on beta-cell metabolism and gene and protein expression, and have explored the outcomes with respect to insulin secretion and beta-cell integrity.
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Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Células Secretoras de Insulina
/
Ácidos Grasos no Esterificados
/
Insulina
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Sci (Lond)
Año:
2007
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Irlanda