Computational fluid dynamics of artificial heart valves.

ABSTRACT

A large number of in vitro studies during the last thirty years have assessed the fluid dynamic behavior of different artificial heart valves. The present study illustrates the utility of the Finite Element Method for fluid dynamic evaluation of prosthetic heart valves. The valves investigated were the Bjork-Shiley Convex-Concave (curved disc), the Medtronic-Hall (flat disc) and the Carbomedics (bileaflet). These three types were chosen in order to clarify the role of different occluder geometries on global and local fluid dynamics. The Finite Element Method was used to calculate pressure and velocity fields in the fluid domain around each valve. There were significant differences, mainly in local fluid dynamics, between the three valves. The Reynolds number also plays an important role.