Regional disparities in infant mortality in Canada: a reversal of egalitarian trends.
BMC Public Health
; 9: 4, 2009 Jan 07.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-19128489
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Although national health insurance plans and social programs introduced in the 1960s led to reductions in regional disparities in infant mortality in Canada, it is unclear if such patterns prevailed in the 1990s when the health care and related systems were under fiscal duress. This study examined regional patterns of change in infant mortality in Canada in recent decades.METHODS:
We analysed regional changes in crude infant mortality rates and in infant mortality rates among live births with a birth weight >or= 500 g and >or= 1,000 g in Canada from 1945 to 2002. Associations between baseline infant mortality rates in the provinces and territories (e.g., in 1985-89) and the change observed in infant mortality rates over the subsequent period (e.g., between 1985-89 and 1995-99) were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Trends in regional disparities were also assessed by calculating period-specific rate ratios between provinces/territories with the highest versus the lowest infant mortality.RESULTS:
Provincial/territorial infant mortality rates in 1945-49 were not correlated with changes in infant mortality over the next 10 years (rho = 0.01, P = 0.99). However, there was a strong negative correlation between infant mortality rates in 1965-69 and the subsequent decline in infant mortality (rho = - 0.85, P = 0.002). Provinces/territories with higher infant mortality rates in 1965-69 (Northwest Territories 64.7 vs British Columbia 20.7 per 1,000 live births) experienced relatively larger reductions in infant mortality between 1965-69 and 1975-79 (53.7% decline in the Northwest Territories vs a 36.6% decline in British Columbia). This pattern was reversed in the more recent decades. Provinces/territories with higher infant mortality rates >or= 500 g in 1985-89 experience relatively smaller reductions in infant mortality between 1985-89 and 2000-02 (rho = 0.82, P = 0.004). The infant mortality >or= 500 g rate ratio (contrasting the province/territory with the highest versus lowest infant mortality) was 3.2 in 1965-69, 2.4 in 1975-79, 2.2 in 1985-89, 3.1 in 1995-99 and 4.1 in 2000-02.CONCLUSION:
Fiscal constraints in the 1990s led to a reversal of provincial/territorial patterns of change in infant mortality in Canada and to an increase in regional health disparities.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Programas Médicos Regionales
/
Mortalidad Infantil
/
Causas de Muerte
/
Disparidades en Atención de Salud
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
/
Newborn
País/Región como asunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Public Health
Asunto de la revista:
SAUDE PUBLICA
Año:
2009
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Canadá