Lower cognitive reserve in the aging human immunodeficiency virus-infected brain.
Neurobiol Aging
; 34(4): 1240-53, 2013 Apr.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23158761
ABSTRACT
More HIV-infected individuals are living longer; however, how their brain function is affected by aging is not well understood. One hundred twenty-two men (56 seronegative control [SN] subjects, 37 HIV subjects with normal cognition [HIV+NC], 29 with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder [HAND]) performed neuropsychological tests and had acceptable functional magnetic resonance imaging scans at 3 Tesla during tasks with increasing attentional load. With older age, SN and HIV+NC subjects showed increased activation in the left posterior (reserve, "bottom-up") attention network for low attentional-load tasks, and further increased activation in the left posterior and anterior ("top-down") attention network on intermediate (HIV+NC only) and high attentional-load tasks. HAND subjects had only age-dependent decreases in activation. Age-dependent changes in brain activation differed between the 3 groups, primarily in the left frontal regions (despite similar brain atrophy). HIV and aging act synergistically or interactively to exacerbate brain activation abnormalities in different brain regions, suggestive of a neuroadaptive mechanism in the attention network to compensate for declined neural efficiency. While the SN and HIV+NC subjects compensated for their declining attention with age by using reserve and "top-down" attentional networks, older HAND subjects were unable to compensate which resulted in cognitive decline.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Atención
/
Encéfalo
/
Infecciones por VIH
/
Trastornos del Conocimiento
/
Encefalitis Viral
/
Reserva Cognitiva
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
Límite:
Adult
/
Aged
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Neurobiol Aging
Año:
2013
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos