Vibratory stimulation increases interleukin-1 beta secretion during orthodontic tooth movement.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of application of vibratory stimuli on interleukin (IL)-1ß secretion during maxillary canine distalization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Split-mouth design study in 15 subjects (mean age, 22.9 years; range 19-25 years) whose bilateral maxillary first premolars were extracted with subsequent canine distalization. On the experimental side, light force (60 g) was applied to the canine for 3 months in combination with vibratory stimuli provided using an electric toothbrush 15 minutes a day for 2 months; only orthodontic force was applied to the contralateral control canine. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from the mesial and distal sides of each canine at each monthly appointment. IL-1ß levels were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Canine movement was measured monthly. RESULTS: Overall, enhanced IL-1ß secretion was observed at the pressure sites of experimental canines compared to control canines (mean, 0.64 ± 0.33 pg/µL vs 0.10 ± 0.11 pg/µL, respectively, P < .001). The accumulative amount of tooth movement was greater for the experimental canine than for the control canine (mean, 2.85 ± 0.17 mm vs 1.77 ± 0.11 mm, respectively, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that, in combination with light orthodontic force, application of vibratory stimuli using an electric toothbrush enhanced the secretion of IL-1ß in GCF and accelerated orthodontic tooth movement.