Platelet-derived sphingosine-1-phosphate and inflammation: from basic mechanisms to clinical implications.
Platelets
; 27(5): 393-401, 2016 Jul.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26950429
ABSTRACT
Beyond key functions in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are recognized as key players of inflammation, an underlying feature of a variety of diseases. In this regard, platelets act as a circulating source of several pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules, which are secreted from their intracellular stores upon activation. Among them, mounting evidence highlights a crucial role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a multifunctional sphingoid mediator. S1P-induced pleiotropic effects include those crucial in inflammatory processes, such as the maintenance of the endothelial barrier integrity, and leukocyte activation and recruitment at the injured site. This review outlines the peculiar features and molecular mechanisms that allow platelets for acting as a unique factory that produces and stores S1P in large quantities. A particular emphasis is placed on the autocrine and paracrine roles of S1P derived from the "inflamed" platelets, highlighting the role of its cross-talk with endothelial and blood cells involved in inflammation, and the mechanisms of its contribution to the development and progression of inflammatory diseases. Finally, potential clinical implications of platelet-derived S1P as diagnostic tool of inflammatory severity, and as therapeutic target in inflammation are discussed.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Esfingosina
/
Plaquetas
/
Lisofosfolípidos
/
Inflamación
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Platelets
Asunto de la revista:
HEMATOLOGIA
Año:
2016
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Italia