Physiological handling of dietary fructose-containing sugars: implications for health.
Int J Obes (Lond)
; 40 Suppl 1: S6-11, 2016 Mar.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27001645
ABSTRACT
Fructose has always been present in our diet, but its consumption has increased markedly over the past 200 years. This is mainly due to consumption of sucrose or high-fructose corn syrup in industrial foods and beverages. Unlike glucose, fructose cannot be directly used as an energy source by all cells of the human body and needs first to be converted into glucose, lactate or fatty acids in the liver, intestine and kidney. Because of this specific two-step metabolism, some energy is consumed in splanchnic organs to convert fructose into other substrates, resulting in a lower net energy efficiency of fructose compared with glucose. A high intake of fructose-containing sugars is associated with body weight gain in large cohort studies, and fructose can certainly contribute to energy imbalance leading to obesity. Whether fructose-containing foods promote obesity more than other energy-dense foods remains controversial, however. A short-term (days-weeks) high-fructose intake is not associated with an increased fasting glycemia nor to an impaired insulin-mediated glucose transport in healthy subjects. It, however, increases hepatic glucose production, basal and postprandial blood triglyceride concentrations and intrahepatic fat content. Whether these metabolic alterations are early markers of metabolic dysfunction or merely adaptations to the specific two-step fructose metabolism remain unknown.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Edulcorantes
/
Síndrome Metabólico
/
Hígado Graso
/
Fructosa
/
Inflamación
/
Hígado
/
Obesidad
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Obes (Lond)
Asunto de la revista:
METABOLISMO
Año:
2016
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Suiza