Single-cell transcriptome analysis of fish immune cells provides insight into the evolution of vertebrate immune cell types.
Genome Res
; 27(3): 451-461, 2017 03.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28087841
ABSTRACT
The immune system of vertebrate species consists of many different cell types that have distinct functional roles and are subject to different evolutionary pressures. Here, we first analyzed conservation of genes specific for all major immune cell types in human and mouse. Our results revealed higher gene turnover and faster evolution of trans-membrane proteins in NK cells compared with other immune cell types, and especially T cells, but similar conservation of nuclear and cytoplasmic protein coding genes. To validate these findings in a distant vertebrate species, we used single-cell RNA sequencing of lckGFP cells in zebrafish and obtained the first transcriptome of specific immune cell types in a nonmammalian species. Unsupervised clustering and single-cell TCR locus reconstruction identified three cell populations, T cells, a novel type of NK-like cells, and a smaller population of myeloid-like cells. Differential expression analysis uncovered new immune-cell-specific genes, including novel immunoglobulin-like receptors, and neofunctionalization of recently duplicated paralogs. Evolutionary analyses confirmed the higher gene turnover of trans-membrane proteins in NK cells compared with T cells in fish species, suggesting that this is a general property of immune cell types across all vertebrates.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Células Asesinas Naturales
/
Receptores de IgG
/
Evolución Molecular
/
Proteínas de Pez Cebra
/
Transcriptoma
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Genome Res
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
GENETICA
Año:
2017
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Suiza