Intramuscular dimethyl trisulfide: efficacy in a large swine model of acute severe cyanide toxicity.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
; 57(4): 265-270, 2019 04.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30306816
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Cyanide is a deadly compound used as a terrorist agent. Current FDA approved antidotes require intravenous administration, limiting their utility in a mass casualty scenario. Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), a sulfur-based molecule, binds cyanide converting it to the less toxic by-product thiocyanate. Studies evaluating efficacy in rodents have been performed, but a large, clinically relevant animal model has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:
This study evaluates the efficacy of intramuscular DMTS on survival and clinical outcomes in a swine model of acute, severe cyanide toxicity.METHODS:
Anesthetized swine were instrumented for continuous monitoring of hemodynamics. Prior to potassium cyanide infusion animals were acclimated and breathing spontaneously. At 5-minutes post-apnea animals were treated with DMTS or saline. Vital signs, hemodynamics, and laboratory values were evaluated at various time points.RESULTS:
Baseline values and time to apnea were similar in both groups. Survival in the DMTS treated group was 83.3% and 0% in saline controls (p = .005). The DMTS group returned to breathing at a mean time of 19.3 ± 10 min after antidote, control animals did not return to breathing (CI difference 8.8, 29.8). At the end of the experiment or time of death, mean lactate was 9.41 mmol/L vs. 4.35 mmol/L (CI difference -10.94,0.82) in the saline and DMTS groups, respectively and pH was 7.20 vs. 7.37 (CI difference -0.04, 0.38). No adverse effects were observed at the injection site.CONCLUSION:
Intramuscular administration of DMTS improves survival and clinical outcomes in our large animal swine model of acute cyanide toxicity.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Cianuro de Potasio
/
Sulfuros
/
Antídotos
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
Asunto de la revista:
TOXICOLOGIA
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos