M1/M2 Macrophages Play Different Roles in Adipogenic Differentiation of PDGFRα+ Preadipocytes In Vitro.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: PGGFRα+ preadipocytes are the major subpopulations that can regenerate into adipocytes. Two different types of macrophages exist in the fat tissue the classically activated macrophage (M1) and the alternatively activated macrophage (M2). In this study, we investigated whether M1/M2 macrophages play distinct roles in adipogenic differentiation of PDGFRα+ preadipocytes. METHODS: Mouse preadipocytes and macrophages were isolated from C57BL/6 male mice of 6-8 weeks. The culture supernate of M1 and M2 macrophages was collected and co-cultured with the PDGFRα+ preadipocytes. After 3 days, Oil Red O staining was used to evaluate to adipogenic differentiation of PDGFRα+ preadipocytes and the expression of adipogenic-related transcription factors (C/EBP-α, PPARγ) were also tested. RESULTS: The results showed that when cultured in vitro, M1 macrophages could significantly suppress the adipogenesis of PDGFRα+ preadipocytes as well as the C/EBP-α and PPARγ expression, but M2 macrophages did not have significant influence on the adipogenesis of PDGFRα+ preadipocytes nor on C/EBP-α and PPARγ expression compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: M1 macrophages significantly suppress PDGFRα+ preadipocyte adipogenesis which provides a possible way to improve adipogenesis and fat retention after fat-free grafting by mitigating acute inflammation and manipulating M1 macrophage levels. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .