Biallelic pathogenic variants in the lanosterol synthase gene LSS involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis cause alopecia with intellectual disability, a rare recessive neuroectodermal syndrome.
Genet Med
; 21(9): 2025-2035, 2019 09.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30723320
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Lanosterol synthase (LSS) gene was initially described in families with extensive congenital cataracts. Recently, a study has highlighted LSS associated with hypotrichosis simplex. We expanded the phenotypic spectrum of LSS to a recessive neuroectodermal syndrome formerly named alopecia with mental retardation (APMR) syndrome. It is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by hypotrichosis and intellectual disability (ID) or developmental delay (DD), frequently associated with early-onset epilepsy and other dermatological features.METHODS:
Through a multicenter international collaborative study, we identified LSS pathogenic variants in APMR individuals either by exome sequencing or LSS Sanger sequencing. Splicing defects were assessed by transcript analysis and minigene assay.RESULTS:
We reported ten APMR individuals from six unrelated families with biallelic variants in LSS. We additionally identified one affected individual with a single rare variant in LSS and an allelic imbalance suggesting a second event. Among the identified variants, two were truncating, seven were missense, and two were splicing variants. Quantification of cholesterol and its precursors did not reveal noticeable imbalance.CONCLUSION:
In the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, lanosterol synthase leads to the cyclization of (S)-2,3-oxidosqualene into lanosterol. Our data suggest LSS as a major gene causing a rare recessive neuroectodermal syndrome.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Discapacidades del Desarrollo
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Colesterol
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Transferasas Intramoleculares
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Alopecia
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Discapacidad Intelectual
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
Límite:
Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Genet Med
Asunto de la revista:
GENETICA MEDICA
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia