Executive dysfunction in depression in adolescence: the role of inflammation and higher body mass.
Psychol Med
; 50(4): 683-691, 2020 03.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30919789
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There is substantial evidence that many depressed individuals experience impaired executive functioning. Understanding the causes of executive dysfunction in depression is clinically important because cognitive impairment is a substantial contributor to functional impairment. This study investigated whether elevated levels of an inflammatory cytokine [interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and/or higher body mass index (BMI) concurrently and/or prospectively accounted for the relationship between depressive symptoms and impaired executive functioning in adolescents.METHODS:
A diverse, community sample of adolescents (N = 288; mean age = 16.33; 51.4% female; 59.0% African-American) completed assessments of height and weight, IL-6, depressive symptoms, and self-report/behavioral measures of executive functioning (selective attention, switching attention) and future orientation annually over 3 years. Adolescents experiencing acute illness or medical conditions that affect inflammation were excluded from analyses. Path analysis within a structural equation modeling framework simultaneously examined the concurrent and prospective relationships between BMI, IL-6, depressive symptoms, and the measures of cognitive functioning across three timepoints.RESULTS:
Across all timepoints, higher BMI was prospectively associated with higher levels of IL-6 and depressive symptoms, while higher levels of IL-6 were associated with worse performance on three behavioral and self-report measures of cognitive functioning. Higher depressive symptoms also were prospectively associated with elevated IL-6 and both higher depressive symptoms and a higher BMI predicted worse future executive functioning via increased IL-6.CONCLUSIONS:
More severe depressive symptoms and increased BMI may disrupt executive functioning via elevated IL-6.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Índice de Masa Corporal
/
Depresión
/
Función Ejecutiva
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Disfunción Cognitiva
/
Inflamación
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
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Child
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Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Psychol Med
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos