Realgar and cinnabar are essential components contributing to neuroprotection of Angong Niuhuang Wan with no hepatorenal toxicity in transient ischemic brain injury.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
; 377: 114613, 2019 08 15.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31207256
ABSTRACT
Realgar and cinnabar are commonly used mineral medicine containing arsenic and mercury in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Angong Niuhuang Wan (AGNHW) is a representative realgar- and cinnabar-containing TCM formula for treating acute ischemic stroke, but its toxicology and neuropharmacological effects are not well addressed. In this study, we compared the neuropharmacological effects of AGNHW and modified AGNHW in an experimental ischemic stroke rat model. Male SD rats were subjected to 2â¯h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) plus 22â¯h of reperfusion. Although oral administration of AGNHW for 7â¯days in the rats increased arsenic level in the blood and liver tissue, there were no significant changes in the arsenic level in kidney, mercury level in the blood, liver and kidney as well as hepatic and renal functions in MCAO rats. AGNHW revealed neuroprotective properties by reducing infarction volume, preserving blood-brain barrier integrity and improving neurological functions against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Interestingly, removing realgar and/or cinnabar from AGNHW abolished the neuroprotective effects. Meanwhile, AGNHW could scavenge peroxynitrite, down-regulate the expression of p47phox, 3-NT and MMP-9 and up-regulate the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-5 in the ischemic brains, which were abolished by removing realgar and/or cinnabar from AGNHW. Notably, realgar or cinnabar had no neuroprotection when used alone. Taken together, oral administration of AGNHW for one week should be safe for treating ischemic stroke with neuroprotective effects. Realgar and cinnabar are necessary elements with synergetic actions with other herbal materials for the neuroprotective effects of AGNHW against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Arsenicales
/
Sulfuros
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Productos Biológicos
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Ataque Isquémico Transitorio
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Compuestos de Mercurio
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Fármacos Neuroprotectores
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Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas
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Enfermedades Renales
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China