[Lifestyle intervention in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases]. / Lebensstilintervention in der Primärprävention von kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen.
Herz
; 45(1): 30-38, 2020 Feb.
Article
en De
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31993680
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Adherence to a healthy lifestyle lifelong is capable of significantly reducing the cardiovascular risk by up to 70% and is therefore a key component in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. According to the European and American guidelines lifestyle interventions include not smoking, daily physical activity of ≥150â¯min/week at moderate intensity or 75â¯min/week for higher intensity physical activity, a cardioprotective nutrition (high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, low amounts of saturated fatty acids and low salt intake), normal body weight (body mass index 20-25â¯kg/m2), arterial blood pressure <140/90â¯mmâ¯Hg (optimum <130/80â¯mmâ¯Hg), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol target values depending on the cardiovascular risk and a normal glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus with adjustment of a HbA1c to <7%. Lifestyle measures with weight reduction and intensification of physical activity can improve the cardiometabolic risk factors. In this way reduction of the systolic and diastolic blood pressures by approximately 10-15â¯mmâ¯Hg, reduction of HbA1c by approximately 1â¯% and reduction of triglycerides by ca. 30-40â¯% are possible. The LDL-cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) levels cannot be easily influenced. Beyond the recommendations for a cardioprotective lifestyle, additional pharmacological therapy may have to be added depending on the cardiovascular risk profile.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Prevención Primaria
/
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
/
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
/
Estilo de Vida
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Guideline
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
De
Revista:
Herz
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article