Childhood Health and Educational Outcomes After Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
J Pediatr
; 226: 149-156.e16, 2020 11.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32659230
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To systematically review and meta-analyze the association between neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and adverse health or educational childhood outcomes. STUDYDESIGN:
An all-language search was conducted across 11 databases between January 1, 1975, and September 3, 2019; 5865 titles were identified. Observational studies of children between 28 days and 16 years of age, in whom a diagnosis of NAS was documented, were included. Outcomes included reasons for hospital admissions, childhood diagnoses, developmental outcomes, and academic attainment scores. All studies underwent independent review by 2 trained reviewers, who extracted study data and assessed risk of bias using the Newcastle Ottawa Tool.RESULTS:
Fifteen studies were identified that included 10 907 children with previous NAS and 1 730 213 children without previous NAS, aged 0-16 years. There was a strong association between NAS and subsequent child maltreatment (aOR, 6.49; 95% CI, 4.46-9.45; I2 = 52%), injuries and poisoning (aOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.21-1.49; I2 = 0%), and a variety of mental health conditions. Studies consistently demonstrated an increased incidence of strabismus and nystagmus among those with previous NAS. Children with NAS also had lower mean academic scores than the control group in every domain of testing across age groups.CONCLUSIONS:
NAS is significantly associated with future child maltreatment, mental health diagnoses, visual problems, and poor school performance. Owing to the necessary inclusion of nonrandomized studies, incomplete reporting among studies, and likely unadjusted confounding, this review does not suggest causation. However, we highlight associations requiring further investigation and targeted intervention, to positively impact the life course trajectories of this growing population of children.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Síndrome de Abstinencia Neonatal
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Systematic_reviews
Límite:
Adolescent
/
Child
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Child, preschool
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Humans
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Infant
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Newborn
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Pediatr
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article