Human Milk Oligosaccharide Compositions Illustrate Global Variations in Early Nutrition.
J Nutr
; 152(5): 1239-1253, 2022 05 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35179194
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are an abundant class of compounds found in human milk and have been linked to the development of the infant, and specifically the brain, immune system, and gut microbiome.OBJECTIVES:
Advanced analytical methods were used to obtain relative quantitation of many structures in approximately 2000 samples from over 1000 mothers in urban, semirural, and rural sites across geographically diverse countries.METHODS:
LC-MS-based analytical methods were used to profile the compounds with broad structural coverage and quantitative information. The profiles revealed their structural heterogeneity and their potential biological roles. Comparisons of HMO compositions were made between mothers of different age groups, lactation periods, infant sexes, and residing geographical locations.RESULTS:
A common behavior found among all sites was a decrease in HMO abundances during lactation until approximately postnatal month 6, where they remained relatively constant. The greatest variations in structural abundances were associated with the presence of α(1,2)-fucosylated species. Genomic analyses of the mothers were not performed; instead, milk was phenotyped according to the abundances of α(1,2)-fucosylated structures. Mothers from the South American sites tended to have higher proportions of phenotypic secretors [mothers with relatively high concentrations of α(1,2)-fucosylated structures] in their populations compared to the rest of the globe, with Bolivia at â¼100% secretors, Peru at â¼97%, Brazil at â¼90%, and Argentina at â¼85%. Conversely, the cohort sampled in Africa manifested the lowest proportion of secretors (South Africa â¼ 63%, the Gambia â¼ 64%, and Malawi â¼ 75%). Furthermore, we compared total abundances of HMOs in secretors compared with nonsecretors and found that nonsecretors have lower abundances of HMOs compared to secretors, regardless of geographical location. We also observed compositional differences of the 50+ most abundant HMOs between milk types and geographical locations.CONCLUSIONS:
This study represents the largest structural HMO study to date and reveals the general behavior of HMOs during lactation among different populations.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Oligosacáridos
/
Leche Humana
Límite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Nutr
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos