Prognostic accuracy of time to sputum culture conversion in predicting cure in extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: a multicentre retrospective observational study.
BMC Infect Dis
; 22(1): 204, 2022 Mar 02.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35236307
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There was a lack of information about prognostic accuracy of time to sputum culture conversion (SCC) in forecasting cure among extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) patients. Therefore, this study evaluated the prognostic accuracy of SCC at various time points in forecasting cure among XDR-TB patients.METHODS:
This retrospective observational study included 355 eligible pulmonary XDR-TB patients treated at 27 centers in Pakistan between 01-05-2010 and 30-06-2017. The baseline and follow-up information of patients from treatment initiation until the end of treatment were retrieved from electronic nominal recording and reporting system. Time to SCC was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method, and differences between groups were compared through log-rank test. Predictors of time to SCC and cure were respectively evaluated by multivariate Cox proportional hazards and binary logistic regression analyses. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:
A total of 226 (63.6%) and 146 (41.1%) patients respectively achieved SCC and cure. Median time to SCC was significantly shorter in patients who achieved cure, 3 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.47-3.53), than those who did not (median 10 months, 95% CI 5.24-14.76) (p-value < 0.001, Log-rank test). Patient's age > 40 years (hazards ratio [HR] = 0.632, p-value = 0.004), baseline sputum grading of scanty, + 1 (HR = 0.511, p-value = 0.002), + 2, + 3 (HR = 0.523, p-value = 0.001) and use of high dose isoniazid (HR = 0.463, p-value = 0.004) were significantly associated with early SCC. Only SCC at 6 month of treatment had statistically significant association with cure (odds ratio = 15.603, p-value < 0.001). In predicting cure, the sensitivities of SCC at 2, 4 and 6 months were respectively 41.8% (95%CI 33.7-50.2), 69.9% (95%CI 61.7-77.2) and 84.9% (95%CI 78.1-90.3), specificities were respectively, 82.8% (95%CI 76.9-87.6), 74.6% (95%CI 68.2-80.4) and 69.4% (95%CI 62.6-75.5) and prognostic accuracies were respectively 65.9% (95%CI 60.7-70.8), 72.7% (95%CI 67.7-77.2) and 75.8% (95%CI 71.0-80.1).CONCLUSION:
In forecasting cure, SCC at month 6 of treatment performed better than SCC at 2 and 4 months. However, it would be too long for clinicians to wait for 6 months to decide about the regimen efficacy. Therefore, with somewhat comparable prognostic accuracy to that SCC at 6 month, using SCC at 4 month of treatment as a prognostic marker in predicting cure among XDR-TB patients can decrease the clinicians waiting time to decide about the regimen efficacy.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Tuberculosis Pulmonar
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Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos
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Tuberculosis Extensivamente Resistente a Drogas
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Infect Dis
Asunto de la revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Pakistán