Impact of rotavirus vaccination on diarrheal hospitalizations in children younger than 5 years of age in a rural southern Mozambique.
Vaccine
; 40(44): 6422-6430, 2022 10 19.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36192272
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Rotavirus vaccine(Rotarix®) was introduced in Mozambique through its Expanded Program of Immunization in September 2015. We assessed the impact of rotavirus vaccination on childhood gastroenteritis-associated hospitalizations post-vaccine introduction in a high HIV prevalence rural setting of southern Mozambique.METHODS:
We reviewed and compared the trend of hospitalizations (prevalence) and incidence rates of acute gastroenteritis (AGE), and rotavirus associated-diarrhea (laboratory confirmed rotavirus) in pre- (January 2008-August 2015) and post-rotavirus vaccine introduction periods (September 2015-December 2020), among children <5 years of age admitted to Manhiça District Hospital.RESULTS:
From January 2008 to December 2020, rotavirus vaccination was found to contribute to the decline of the prevalence of AGE from 19% (95% CI 18.14-20.44) prior to the vaccine introduction to 10% (95% CI 8.89-11.48) in the post-introduction period, preventing 40% (95 % IE 38-42) and 84% (95 % IE 80-87) of the expected AGE and laboratory confirmed rotavirus cases, respectively, among infants. Similarly, the overall incidence of rotavirus was 11.8-fold lower in the post-vaccine introduction period (0.4/1000 child-years-at-risk [CYAR]; 95% CI 0.3-0.6) compared with the pre-vaccination period (4.7/1000 CYAR; 95% CI 4.2-5.1) with the highest reduction being observed among infants (16.8-fold lower from the 15.1/1000 CYAR in the pre-vaccine to 0.9/1000 CYAR in the post-vaccine eras).CONCLUSIONS:
We documented a significant reduction in all-cause diarrhea hospitalizations and rotavirus positivity after vaccine introduction demonstrating the beneficial impact of rotavirus vaccination in a highly vulnerable population.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Infecciones por Rotavirus
/
Rotavirus
/
Vacunas contra Rotavirus
/
Gastroenteritis
Tipo de estudio:
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Child
/
Humans
/
Infant
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Vaccine
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article