An overview of the sand fly salivary proteins in vaccine development against leishmaniases.
Iran J Microbiol
; 14(6): 792-801, 2022 Dec.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36721440
ABSTRACT
Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne parasitic diseases transmitted through the infected sand flies. Leishmania parasites are inoculated into the host skin along with sand fly saliva. The sand fly saliva consists of biologically active molecules with anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Such properties help the parasite circumvent the host's immune responses. The salivary compounds support the survival and multiplication of the parasite and facilitate the disease progression. It is documented that frequent exposure to uninfected sand fly bites produces neutralizing antibodies against specific salivary proteins and further activates the cellular mechanisms to prevent the establishment of the disease. The immune responses due to sand fly saliva are highly specific and depend on the composition of the salivary molecules. Hence, thorough knowledge of these compounds in different sand fly species and information about their antigenicity are paramount to designing an effective vaccine. Herein, we review the composition of the sand fly saliva, immunomodulatory properties of some of its components, immune responses to its proteins, and potential vaccine candidates against leishmaniases.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Iran J Microbiol
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Irán