Nasal biomarkers of immune function differ based on smoking and respiratory disease status.
Physiol Rep
; 11(3): e15528, 2023 02.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36780897
ABSTRACT
Respiratory biomarkers have the potential to identify airway injury by revealing inflammatory processes within the respiratory tract. Currently, there are no respiratory biomarkers suitable for clinical use to identify patients that warrant further diagnostic work-up, counseling, and treatment for toxic inhalant exposures or chronic airway disease. Using a novel, noninvasive method of sampling the nasal epithelial lining fluid, we aimed to investigate if nasal biomarker patterns could distinguish healthy nonsmoking adults from active smokers and those with chronic upper and lower airway disease in this exploratory study. We compared 28 immune mediators from healthy nonsmoking adults (n = 32), former smokers with COPD (n = 22), chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) (n = 22), and smoking adults without airway disease (n = 13). Using ANOVA, multinomial logistic regressions, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we determined associations between immune mediators and each cohort. Six mediators (IL-7, IL-10, IL-13, IL-12p70, IL-15, and MCP-1) were lower among disease groups compared to healthy controls. Participants with lower levels of IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, and MCP-1 in the nasal fluid had a higher odds of being in the COPD or CRS group. The cluster analysis identified groups of mediators that correlated with disease status. Specifically, the cluster of IL-10, IL-12p70, and IL-13, was positively correlated with healthy and negatively correlated with COPD groups, and two clusters were correlated with active smoking. In this exploratory study, we preliminarily identified groups of nasal mucosal mediators that differed by airway disease and smoking status. Future prospective, age-matched studies that control for medication use are needed to validate these patterns and determine if nasosorption has diagnostic utility for upper and lower airway disease or injury.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Trastornos Respiratorios
/
Asma
/
Sinusitis
/
Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Adult
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Physiol Rep
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos