The Notorious Triumvirate in Pediatric Health: Air Pollution, Respiratory Allergy, and Infection.

ABSTRACT

A plausible association is suspected among air pollution, respiratory allergic disorder, and infection. These three factors could cause uncontrollable chronic inflammation in the airway tract, creating a negative impact on the physiology of the respiratory system. This review aims to understand the underlying pathophysiology in explaining the association among air pollution, respiratory allergy, and infection in the pediatric population and to capture the public's attention regarding the interaction among these three factors, as they synergistically reduce the health status of children living in polluted countries globally, including Indonesia.