Radiation cataract in Heterogeneous Stock mice after γ-ray or HZE ion exposure.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst)
; 40: 97-105, 2024 Feb.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38245354
ABSTRACT
Health effects of space radiation are a serious concern for astronauts on long-duration missions. The lens of the eye is one of the most radiosensitive tissues in the body and, therefore, ocular health risks for astronauts is a significant concern. Studies in humans and animals indicate that ionizing radiation exposure to the eye produces characteristic lens changes, termed "radiation cataract," that can affect visual function. Animal models of radiation cataractogenesis have previously utilized inbred mouse or rat strains. These studies were essential for determining morphological changes and dose-response relationships between radiation exposure and cataract. However, the relevance of these studies to human radiosensitivity is limited by the narrow phenotypic range of genetically homogeneous animal models. To model radiation cataract in genetically diverse populations, longitudinal cataract phenotyping was nested within a lifetime carcinogenesis study in male and female heterogeneous stock (HS/Npt) mice exposed to 0.4 Gy HZE ions (n = 609) or 3.0 Gy γ-rays (n = 602) and in unirradiated controls (n = 603). Cataractous change was quantified in each eye for up to 2 years using Merriam-Focht grading criteria by dilated slit lamp examination. Virtual Optomotry™ measurement of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity was utilized to assess visual function in a subgroup of mice. Prevalence and severity of posterior lens opacifications were 2.6-fold higher in HZE ion and 2.3-fold higher in γ-ray irradiated mice compared to unirradiated controls. Male mice were at greater risk for spontaneous and radiation associated cataracts. Risk for cataractogenesis was associated with family structure, demonstrating that HS/Npt mice are well-suited to evaluate genetic determinants of ocular radiosensitivity. Last, mice were extensively evaluated for cataract and tumor formation, which revealed an overlap between individual susceptibility to both cancer and cataract.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Traumatismos por Radiación
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Catarata
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Cristalino
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Animals
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Life Sci Space Res (Amst)
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article