The role of interleukin-22 in mammalian intestinal homeostasis: Friend and foe.
Immun Inflamm Dis
; 12(2): e1144, 2024 Feb.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38363052
ABSTRACT
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is an important cytokine in the intestinal environment. IL-22 is mainly produced by immune cells and targeted at nonimmune cells such as epithelial and stromal cells in a broad array of tissues such as -but not restricted to- the liver and adipose tissue. IL-22 therefore connects immune functions with metabolic functions of the host, and since it is induced by the microbiota, connects host functioning to the outside environment. IL-22 induces epithelial cell proliferation aiding in rapid epithelium regeneration and wound healing. Additionally, IL-22 activates antiapoptotic genes and DNA damage response pathways, enhancing epithelial cell survival. Recently, it has also been shown that IL-22 induces Paneth cell differentiation in humans. However, IL-22 can also contribute to intestinal epithelium damage and reduces microbial diversity in the intestine directly or indirectly by inducing excessive antimicrobial peptide production by epithelial cells. Moreover, IL-22 enhances angiogenesis and may therefore support tumorigenesis in the intestine. In conclusion, it appears that whether IL-22 has a beneficial or harmful effect in the mammalian intestine largely depends on its regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature and emphasizes that IL-22 signaling outcome depends on the timing and duration of IL-22 production, the presence of it regulators such as IL-22BP, and the specific location of the cytokine production in the gastrointestinal tract.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Interleucina-22
/
Intestinos
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Immun Inflamm Dis
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Países Bajos