Influence of Local Vibration Therapy on the Mental State, Neurological Function, and Quality of Life of Convalescing Patients With Spinal Cord Injury.

ABSTRACT

Context The clinical postoperative recovery of patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI) is relatively long. Good self-efficacy can help patients actively cooperate with treatment and rehabilitation and improve their functional recovery and QoL. Local vibration stimulation has emerged as a potential nondrug therapy for SCI patients. However, the use of local vibration therapy for SCI patients is still rare, and its efficacy isn't clear yet. Objective: The study intended to analyze the combined effects of local vibration therapy and self-efficacy training on the psychological state and neurological function of SCI patients during rehabilitation as well as the therapy's correlation with quality of life (QoL). Design: The research team conducted a retrospective study. Setting: The study took place at Zhejiang Hospital in Hangzhou, China. Participants: Participants were 82 SCI patients who received surgery and postoperative interventions in the rehabilitation department at the hospital between March and September 2021 for surgery and postoperative intervention. Interventions: Based on the use of different interventions, the research team divided participants into two groups, with 41 participants in each group (1) the local vibration group and (2) a control group. Patients in both groups received spinal cord reduction and internal fixation surgery and self-efficacy training after surgery. The local vibration group also received local vibration therapy. Outcome Measures: At baseline and postintervention, the research team measured (1) neurological function, using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS); (2) daily living ability, using the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale; (3) psychological state, using the self-rating anxiety (SAS) and self-rating depression (SDS) scales; and (4) QoL, using the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) questionnaire. The team used the Pearson correlation coefficient to analyze the relationship between patients' neurological function, psychological state, and QoL. Results: Between baseline and postintervention, the local vibration group's (1) mean NIHSS score decreased significantly (P < .001), (2) mean ADL score increased significantly(P < .001), (3) mean SAS (P < .001) and SDS (P < .001) scores decreased significantly; and (4) mean total GQOLI-74 score (P < .001) and scores for the dimensions physical function (P < .001), social function (P < .001), psychological function (P < .001), and material function (P < .001) increased significantly. Between baseline and postintervention, the control group's (1) mean NIHSS score decreased significantly (P < .001), (2) mean ADL score increased significantly (P < .001), (3) mean SAS (P < .001) and SDS (P < .001) scores decreased significantly; and (4) mean total GQOLI-74 score (P < .001) and scores for the dimensions physical function (P < .001), social function (P < .001), psychological function (P < .001), and material function (P < .001) increased significantly. Compared to the control group postintervention, the local vibration group's (1) mean NIHSS score was significantly lower (P < .001), (2) mean ADL score was significantly higher (P < .001), (3) mean SAS (P < .001) and SDS scores (P < .001) were significantly lower, and (4) mean total GQOLI-74 score (P < .001) and scores for the dimensions physical function (P < .001), social function (P < .001), psychological function (P < .001), and material function (P < .001) were significantly higher. The Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed that the NIHSS, SAS, and SDS scores were significantly negatively correlated with the GQOLI-74 score (all P < .05). Conclusion: Local vibration therapy combined with self-efficacy training positively influenced the rapid recovery of neurological function and daily-living ability postoperatively for SCI patients. It also effectively improved patients' psychological states and overall QoL. These findings suggest the potential for further clinical use. Additionally, the close relationship between neurological function, psychological state, and QoL underscores the importance of incorporating interventions that target these areas in clinical nursing management for SCI patients.