Reduction in hospitalizations for diarrhea and rotavirus infections in New York state following introduction of rotavirus vaccine.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To monitor trends and costs of diarrhea and rotavirus-associated hospitalizations in New York before and after rotavirus vaccine implementation in 2006. To examine rotavirus test results from sentinel hospital-associated laboratories. METHODS: Hospital discharge data and laboratory rotavirus testing data were analyzed for children 1 month up to 18 years of age for 10 sentinel and all statewide hospitals from January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2008. RESULTS: Among children 1-23 months of age, a 40% reduction in diarrhea-associated hospitalizations and 85% decrease in rotavirus-coded hospitalizations at the 10 sentinel hospitals was observed in 2008 compared with the average of pre-vaccine seasons from 2003 through 2006. For both sentinel and statewide hospitals, the percent of diarrhea admissions due to rotavirus was reduced at least 83% among children 1-23 months (vaccine eligible) and 70% for older unimmunized children. Statewide hospital costs for rotavirus hospitalizations in children <2 years of age were reduced $10 million. Sentinel hospital laboratory data validated the declining trends seen in hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS: In 2008, New York hospital data showed significant reductions in rotavirus hospitalizations and costs among children aged 1-23 months who were eligible for vaccine. Reductions also occurred among unimmunized older children suggesting the importance of continue monitoring in future seasons to fully assess vaccine impact.